A study by UC Davis researchers found that frequent CT scans for testicular cancer surveillance are associated with a higher risk of secondary malignancies in older men. The study suggests that alternative imaging techniques, such as ultrasound and MRI, may be more suitable.
A new study reveals that triclocarban (TCC) accumulates rapidly in fish, with levels reaching 1,000 times higher than those in the water. This is the first report of TCC uptake and metabolism in fish species, highlighting concerns about its potential endocrine-disrupting effects.
A study published in PLoS One found that viewers were heavily influenced by the 'worm', a continuous response tracking measure used in live debates. The researchers concluded that the worm's small sample size makes it vulnerable to manipulation and compromises the public's ability to form independent opinions.
A new study by UCLA researchers has found that a key regulator of cholesterol and fat metabolism in the liver also plays a crucial role in the development of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. LXRs, master regulators of cholesterol and inflammatory gene expression, control the fibrosis-making cells of the liver.
Late blight, a devastating disease affecting potato and tomato production worldwide, will be studied using an integrated approach of research, education, and extension. The project aims to develop diagnostic tools, resistant plants, and improved management guidelines to reduce on-farm costs and fungicide use.
A new study by Indiana University professor Evan Ringquist finds that emissions trading programs do not create heavily polluted areas in minority and low-income communities. The study analyzed data from the sulfur dioxide allowance trading program and found no evidence of 'hot spots' or increased pollution in these areas.
The new guidelines provide evidence-based guidance for the initiation and safety monitoring of multiple medications used in treating JIA, including biologic therapies. The recommendations aim to improve short- and medium-term outcomes for children with JIA.
USDA scientists have discovered a previously unknown population of American elms that carry genes for resistance to Dutch elm disease. The diploid trees were found in the wild and may hold the key to combating the disease, which has killed millions of trees since its arrival in the US in 1931.
Researchers at Caltech found that warm ocean waters off the eastern coasts of these continents heat the air above it, forming atmospheric waves that draw in cold air from the northern polar region. This process explains why the northeastern United States and eastern Canada experience colder winters than similar latitudes in Europe.
Researchers found that increasing protein to 25% of total calories helps reduce late-night desires to eat and increases feelings of fullness. Lean cuts of pork are a high-protein food option that can be easily incorporated into daily meals.
A Michigan State University study found that women who view sexual harassment as merely bothersome do not experience distress, unlike those who see it as frightening. For men, however, sexual harassment is distressing regardless of perception. The research surveyed over 6,000 women and men in the military.
A new three-drug cocktail has been shown to eliminate the hepatitis C virus in patients more effectively than the current two-drug regimen, with significantly higher rates of sustained virologic response. This breakthrough treatment offers new hope for patients who have not responded to previous therapy.
Researchers investigate widespread basement erosion during late Paleocene-early Eocene in Laramide Rocky Mountains. Additionally, they explore anomalous clastic wedge development and V-shaped conjugate strike-slip faults with implications for planetary geology.
Researchers identified a potential new treatment for juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, a rare form of childhood leukemia. The experimental drug, known as a MEK inhibitor, alleviated symptoms and delayed disease progression in mouse models.
A decades-long study demonstrates that low doses of estrogen combined with growth hormone in prepubescent girls with Turner syndrome has a synergistic effect on growth, increasing their height and improving cognitive functioning. The treatment also shows benefits for psychosocial development.
The Society of Interventional Radiology Foundation has received a major corporate pledge of $500,000 from Navilyst Medical to support its Discovery Campaign. This funding will be used to support grants, research consensus panels, registries, studies addressing comparative effectiveness, clinical trials, and educational programming.
A new hepatitis C drug, boceprevir, has shown significant promise in treating patients with hard-to-treat cases. The study found that the drug helped cure more patients than traditional treatment methods within 36 weeks.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have found that mucus can facilitate the penetration of toxic substances into cells, potentially leading to new treatments for diseases like cancer. The study suggests a new approach for delivering hydrophobic drugs, which could be absorbed through the lungs or digestive system.
Bariatric surgery has been shown to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke in patients with diabetes, with 70% remission in two years and 30% remaining 15 years later. The surgery also reduces new cases of diabetes by 80% among obese patients.
A study published in Nature reveals that Basic Yellow 1, a neurodegenerative marker, also has anti-aging properties in nematode worms. The compound extends lifespan by more than 50% and slows disease-like pathology in healthy worms.
A recent study found that thinking about choices can make people less sympathetic to others and less likely to support policies promoting greater equality. This effect was observed across different cultures, including the US and India, with Indian participants being less affected by choice-related thinking.
Researchers created a new bitterness blocker, GIV3616, to make nutritious foods more enjoyable and mask unpleasant flavors. The compound is more potent and efficient than previous versions, offering hope for supertasters and individuals with heightened sensitivity to bitter tastes.
A new study from the University of Oregon found that even brief skills training can enhance supportive responses to disclosures of mistreatment. The training focused on verbal and nonverbal ways of conveying support, and listeners who received this training demonstrated significantly fewer unsupportive behaviors.
A new Nature paper suggests that carbon labeling can encourage both consumers and manufacturers to make better environmental choices. By providing information on product carbon footprints, labeling can reduce emissions in households by influencing consumer decisions and encouraging firms to identify efficiencies in their supply chains.
A new study published in Gastroenterology found that an automated colonoscopy reminder system significantly improved adherence to endoscopic follow-up recommendations, particularly in minority populations. The system, which included a letter and telephone call, nearly doubled the rate of recommended exams.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a battery that can generate electricity by exploiting the difference in salinity between freshwater and seawater. The battery, which uses sodium and chlorine ions, has achieved 74% efficiency in converting potential energy to electrical current.
A Danish study examines the relationship between soil texture and nutrient leaching in agricultural fields. The results show that injecting dairy slurry into loam soil reduces phosphorus leaching, while its effect on sandy loam and loamy sand is limited.
Researchers at UAB have discovered that blocking a specific receptor on glioma cells can starve them of nutrients, effectively stopping their invasion in the brain. The target is a drug already approved for use in Europe, which increases blood vessel size.
The Human Frontier Science Program has awarded 85 Fellowships to young scientists from around the world. The Long-Term and Cross-Disciplinary Fellows will receive training in 12 different countries, while Career Development Awards support their transition to independence.
Research suggests that frequent fat talk among college women is associated with increased body dissatisfaction, regardless of waistline. The study found that over half of the participants believed fat talk made them feel better about their bodies, but it's actually exacerbating body image disturbance.
A new nanodrug breaks down barriers to attack breast cancer cells by carrying multiple drugs that accumulate in tumor cells and strike cancer-specific molecular targets. This targeted approach shows promise as a more effective treatment method than standard treatment, with the potential to be tailored for various disorders.
A study found that genetic mutations leading to HIV/AIDS resistance in infants may develop from maternal antiretroviral drugs via breastfeeding. The authors suggest monitoring infants exposed to breast milk with low levels of ARVs and tailoring treatment accordingly.
Researchers at Kansas State University have developed a nanotechnology-based biosensor that can detect cancer cells and pathogens, leading to improved food safety and reduced health risks. The device uses carbon nanofibers to capture and detect microbial particles, enabling early detection and prevention of outbreaks.
Research from Ohio State University finds that women's body image is more closely tied to social acceptance than BMI, with those who focus on internal bodily functions and less on appearance experiencing healthier attitudes towards their bodies. Women who perceive strong social support are more likely to engage in intuitive eating.
Scientists discover a new coating material made from flyash that can extend the life of concrete structures by decades, saving taxpayer money. The coating is hundreds of times more durable than existing ones and costs half as much.
Researchers develop innovative strategy to target tumor metabolism, block energy production required for malignant cancer growth, delaying tumor volume and spread. The treatment combines ultrasound-guided intra-tumoral delivery of a potent drug with imaging guidance to minimize healthy tissue exposure.
Researchers found that blocking carbon dioxide fixation enables bacteria to produce more hydrogen gas, a promising biofuel. The Calvin cycle, responsible for carbon dioxide fixation, competes with hydrogen production for electrons.
Scientists have developed bacteria that produce disease-fighting substances and deliver them to diseased areas of the body. The 'bacterial dirigibles' use biochemical delivery addresses to navigate to specific cells, producing substances to fight diseases.
A study of pregnant women using intrauterine devices found that over half had malpositioned devices, which may increase pregnancy complications. Regular sonograms after IUD placement can help confirm proper positioning and reduce risks.
Researchers followed 350 students in seven at-risk schools over a 5-year period, finding that well-behaved students were more likely to achieve academically. However, teachers' expectations and perceptions of student behavior played a significant role in determining academic outcomes.
A new microfluidic device, developed by MIT researchers, can detect single cancer cells in a blood sample and also identify viruses like HIV. This device has the potential to revolutionize cancer diagnosis and make it more accessible in developing countries.
Adam H. Buchanan, a board-certified genetic counselor and research scientist at Duke University, won the award for his platform presentation on telemedicine vs in-person cancer genetic counseling in rural oncology clinics. He found that telemedicine-based counseling was as well accepted as in-person counseling at less than half the cost.
Scientists have isolated two chemicals from an ancient herb that can block melanin production, making it a promising alternative to toxic skin whitening creams. The chemicals are 100 times more effective in reducing melanin pigmentation than common skin whitening agents.
The article reviews the composition and flavor chemistry of the Bloody Mary, highlighting key components and their sensory attributes. Researcher Neil C. Da Costa provides insights on how to make a good Bloody Mary, including using fresh ingredients, ice, and high-quality tomato juice.
A major UK study on anaesthesia complications shows obese patients are twice as likely to develop serious airway problems during a general anaesthetic. Routine monitoring of breathing with a capnograph could significantly reduce deaths and brain damage from such problems in intensive care units.
Three winning solutions were selected from 64 submissions, including triple fortifying salt and microencapsulation of folic acid, aiming to improve interventions for preventing infant mortality and birth defects. Scientists Without Borders will now work with the solvers to advance their ideas into viable and scalable interventions.
The study reveals species shifts over the past century, with some populations significantly diminished or expanded. Elk were more abundant in the 1990s than today, while horses from the late 1800s are common in the skeletal record.
Scientists at Cardiff University discovered that spiders can intercept and use vibrational signals from insects to locate their prey. The study found that male leafhopper vibrations are more attractive to predatory spiders, suggesting a preference for males during courtship.
A study found that contaminated fungi attached to ryegrass roots help plants absorb toxic contaminants like acenaphthene. This process affects not only plant health but also poses risks to human health through environmental exposure.
Scientists have developed a powerful new technique to visualize the underpaintings of famous artworks by Rembrandt, Caravaggio, and Rubens. The scanning macro X-ray fluorescence analysis allows for detailed imaging of the composition of underpaintings without harming priceless artwork.
Mothers who experienced childhood abuse are at increased risk of giving birth to low-birth-weight babies. Childhood poverty and substance use also contribute to this risk, which can lead to infant mortality and chronic health problems later in life.
A new free iPhone app, iResus, has been shown to improve doctors' performance in simulated medical emergencies. The study found that doctors who used the app scored significantly higher than those who relied on memory alone.
Researchers confirmed that uterine fibroid embolization effectively reduces fibroid-related urinary symptoms, improving quality of life for women. The treatment blocks blood vessels to fibroids, causing them to shrink and symptoms subside.
A Spanish study reveals that babies who sleep with their smoker parents exhibit three times higher nicotine levels than those in separate rooms. The researchers found that ventilating bedrooms does not effectively reduce toxin exposure from passive smoking.
The Canadian Cardiovascular Society and Canadian Heart Rhythm Society have published comprehensive guidelines on the use of genetic testing in managing patients with inherited heart rhythm disorders. The guidelines emphasize the importance of ordering physicians having a clear understanding of ethical issues surrounding genetic testing.
Researchers found that a specific type of immune cell attacks the heart muscle because it fails to develop tolerance against a unique protein. This leads to inflammation and potentially fatal consequences, highlighting the need for targeted therapies. The study's findings have significant implications for treating autoimmune myocarditis.
Andrew B. Crummy, M.D., FSIR; Gordon K. McLean, M.D., FSIR, and Peter B. Lauer, CAE, received SIR's Gold Medals for their contributions to interventional radiology and cardiovascular medicine. The award recognizes their advancements in digital subtraction arteriography and other procedures.
A small trial found that a proprietary antioxidant mixture taken before CT scans reduced DNA injury by up to 50%. The formula, administered orally, neutralized free radicals caused by X-rays and protected against cell damage.
Major lineages of flowering plants began to rapidly diversify after reaching a point of development that maximized speciation success. The researchers compiled the largest plant phylogeny to date, involving 55,473 species of angiosperms.
Scientists have developed the first commercially viable nanogenerator that can generate electricity using body movements like a finger pinch. The device is powered by zinc oxide nanowires and has improved power output by thousands times and voltage by 150 times.