Swedish scientists reveal that pollutants from Indian factories are breeding resistance genes in river bacteria, posing a global risk for untreatable diseases. The study's novel DNA sequencing approach may also aid future hospital research.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology discovered a unique chemical signaling system in tropical seaweed that may provide new pharmaceutical compounds for treating malaria. The team found concentrated antifungal molecules at specific locations on the seaweed surfaces, which could be used to develop effective treatments.
Research by Iowa State University economist David Frankel found that school segregation between blacks and whites has improved only slightly from 1987 to 2007. Despite increased integration among other racial groups, black-white interaction remains limited in public schools.
The Wildlife Conservation Society has released a report listing 25 most endangered turtle species, many of which are found in Asia and are threatened by illegal hunting for food and the pet trade. The report calls for better enforcement of trade laws, habitat protection, and captive breeding to prevent extinction.
The January/February 2011 issue of the Canadian Journal of Cardiology marks the beginning of a partnership between Elsevier and the Canadian Cardiovascular Society. The issue focuses on atrial fibrillation, including the long-awaited Canadian Cardiovascular Society Atrial Fibrillation Guidelines.
Researchers have discovered a new cellular mechanism underlying hydronephrosis, a common congenital defect in the kidney. They found that the Hedgehog signaling pathway controls the development of cells required for urine flow, and genetic mutations can impair this process. The study also suggests potential therapeutic targets and gene...
Climate change is affecting the world's food supply by altering temperature patterns and causing extreme weather events like droughts and heavy rains. As a result, crops are being wiped out, leading to higher prices and health issues.
Research reveals fish produce fine-grained carbonates through their intestines, which are then excreted and released into the environment. This discovery sheds light on the origins of ancient limestone and chalk deposits.
Researchers discovered that targeting cancer-related pathways can treat congenital heart disease, with one drug reversing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in mouse models. Two drugs, an immunosuppressant and anti-cancer agent, were found to be effective in preventing and reversing the condition.
Researchers have sequenced the genome of Aureococcus anophagefferens, a brown tide species that outcompetes other phytoplankton in coastal ecosystems. The genome reveals genes that enable the microalga to thrive in low-light conditions and exploit alternative nutrients.
Researchers extracted a 6,000-year climate record from Washington state's Castor Lake, revealing longer, more extreme dry spells since 1200 AD, linked to changing El Niño/La Niú patterns.
Researchers identify thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) as a key driver of Th2 inflammation in human breast and pancreatic tumors. TSLP from cancer cells or fibroblasts fuels Th2 inflammation, promoting tumor growth.
A new study reveals that rapamycin can reverse cardiac muscle damage in a mouse model of LEOPARD syndrome, a rare congenital heart disease. The research demonstrates the importance of targeted therapies in managing congenital diseases and offers a potential new treatment option for patients with LEOPARD syndrome.
A nearly $2 million NIH grant will help Nationwide Children's Hospital investigate biomarkers linked to hemangioma development and outcome. The study aims to understand the role of oxidant production in hemangioma formation.
Researchers are studying how social networks can be leveraged to effectively communicate sustainability science and make informed decisions. By analyzing the structure of social networks, scientists can identify key influencers who can spread information and have a dialogue with them.
A new University of Georgia study found that respondents would pay an average of $150 to reduce the mortality risk associated with child maltreatment by one in 10,000. If applied to a hypothetical group of 100,000 people, society may value preventing a death from child maltreatment at $15 million.
Researchers from KIT and IPCMS have developed the world's smallest magnetic field sensor using organic molecules. This breakthrough has significant potential for increasing reading speed and data density in hard disks and non-volatile memories.
Women's fertility is affected by chemotherapy due to oocyte quality control, which differs from male germ cells. The protein p63 plays a key role in this process.
Researchers found a strong link between climate and air pollution in Gothenburg, where extreme cold air from Siberia leads to high nitrogen oxide concentrations. The study, published in Atmospheric Environment, shows that air quality standards were exceeded more frequently during negative NAO phases.
A recent study found that individuals with high cholesterol and blood pressure in middle age are more likely to experience early cognitive decline and memory problems. The research, which tracked over 4,800 participants for 10 years, showed a significant association between cardiovascular risk factors and poorer cognitive test scores.
A study found that genetic factors influence callous-unemotional traits in boys, while environmental factors are more significant for girls. High levels of CU traits and conduct problems were associated with negative child and family factors.
Canada Research Chair Barbara Sherwood Lollar's research examines the effectiveness of bioremediation technologies in cleaning up groundwater contamination. Her techniques use isotopic signatures to track clean-up progress, providing a critical framework for regulators and practitioners.
Researchers have developed a method to disperse pathogenic fungi as a means of preventing malaria spread, using synthetic oil to increase dispersal effectiveness. The fungi cause muscardine disease in mosquito larvae, killing up to 50% more larvae than untreated spores and reducing pupation levels.
Researchers study island settlements to understand human resilience and capacity for colonization. Mobility, social networks, and knowledge of the local environment helped indigenous people survive in the face of natural disasters and climate change. The findings inform how we adapt to vulnerabilities and rebound from catastrophes.
The Global Human Settlements Layer (GHSL) uses advanced algorithms to automatically analyze medium resolution satellite data, providing fast and precise mapping of built-up areas worldwide. This enables regular monitoring of human settlement changes and improved damage analysis in disaster-stricken areas.
Using amphetamines like Benzedrine and Dexedrine may increase the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, according to a new study. The research, which followed 66,348 participants in northern California, found that those who used these drugs were nearly 60% more likely to develop the condition.
A team of international experts has established a unified approach toward measuring sustainability, identifying valid and reliable indicators to evaluate progress and proposals. The framework aims to promote common language and measurements globally.
Scientists have successfully controlled the electrical conductance of a single molecule by manipulating its mechanical properties. The research uses a type of molecule called pentaphenylene and demonstrates that changing the tilt angle can increase conductance up to 10 times, thanks to lateral coupling effects.
Archaeologist C. Michael Barton is revolutionizing the field of archaeological modeling by integrating new methods with a radical shift in thought. His research suggests that even small communities can experience significant environmental impacts from practices like shifting cultivation and grazing.
Researchers can manipulate the brain's perception of its own body, allowing for new prosthetic limbs and virtual reality experiences. This technology has significant implications for fields like medicine, psychology, and robotics.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have decoded the genome of Trichinella spiralis, a parasite that causes trichinosis, identifying unique features and novel genes that could lead to effective treatments. The study has implications for understanding parasitic diseases worldwide.
The One Health concept aims to integrate surveillance activities across species to monitor and respond to emerging zoonotic diseases. ProMED-mail's global surveillance system has reported over 10,000 animal health issues, highlighting the need for improved interspecies collaboration.
New research reveals the Earth's core is rotating at a rate of approximately 1 degree every million years, much slower than previously estimated. This finding provides insight into the evolution of the Earth's magnetic field and has implications for simulations of the outer core's convection.
The actual population trajectory is highly uncertain, with scenarios predicting a peak of 9.5 billion before stabilization or decline. Investments in family planning could reduce the number of people to 8 billion, having a beneficial impact on human welfare and environmental issues.
The US lags behind other countries in nuclear fuel recycling due to unfounded concerns and myths. Reprocessing spent fuel can recover significant energy value and reduce high-level nuclear waste volume.
New research suggests prevention of unwanted births may be a larger factor in fertility decline in developing countries. Contraception's success has played a significant role, especially in low-income countries, where meeting unmet demand could reduce population growth by 250 million by 2050.
A recent study emphasizes the importance of considering urban dynamics, national policies, and economic globalization when researching tropical deforestation. The researcher argues that current models are too simplistic, ignoring the complex feedback loops between human decisions and environmental changes.
A new blood pressure measurement device using CASP has been developed to provide more accurate readings than current methods. The device, invented by scientists at the University of Leicester and HealthSTATS International, measures pressure close to the heart, leading to better treatment decisions and patient outcomes.
Watersheds are living systems essential for healthy communities, according to Canada Research Chair Margot Parkes. She advocates for an integrated approach to water management that involves communities, governments, and researchers working together.
Swedish scientist Laura Fratiglioni's research shows that active mental, physical, and social activities can preserve cognitive functions and lower the risk of developing dementia. Factors such as blood pressure, weight, and genetics also play a role in determining an individual's risk.
New research shows reovirus-infected cancer cells release pro-inflammatory proteins that recruit and activate white blood cells, killing cancer. A cellular signalling protein, Ras, is abnormally activated in many cancers, providing a window of opportunity for reovirus infection.
The Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone identifies emission reduction measures that can immediately protect climate, public health, and ecosystems. Implementing these measures could reduce future global warming by 0.5oC and potentially halve the projected increase in global temperature by 2050.
A new study found that young people with a family history of melanoma are still ignoring sun safety advice, despite being aware of the risks. The research showed that younger women in particular viewed tanning as healthy and were less likely to use sunscreen.
Researchers found that adding an organic molecule layer can increase quantum dot solar cell efficiency three-fold. The layer helps keep electrons apart, preventing recombination and increasing electrical charge production.
A new study by Kate Mulligan examines the connection between cities, water, and health, finding that even in wealthy cities with excellent public services, dengue fever still spreads due to environmental factors. The research suggests that traditional links between poverty and water-related diseases may be overstated.
The UK's failure to address its alcohol problem could result in a significant increase in liver deaths, with the country facing a projected 77,000 excess deaths over 20 years if it doesn't adopt effective policies. The authors argue that increasing alcohol quality and limiting availability of cheap products can help reduce death rates.
Researchers found that obese individuals with early-onset knee osteoarthritis who underwent weight loss via bariatric surgery experienced significant improvements in knee pain, stiffness, and physical function. Weight loss also improved quality of life and activities of daily living.
Plant-based researchers are developing adaptive structures inspired by Mimosa's ability to twist, bend, stiffen, and heal. Artificial cells mimic the mechanisms behind plants' nastic motions, leading to innovative technologies like shape-changing robots and morphing wings for airplanes.
Researchers have developed a new method for imaging below the skin's surface using a liquid lens setup. This technology provides unprecedented images of tissue up to 1 millimeter deep, allowing for simpler and less invasive detection of skin lesions.
A study of 26 young patients with articular cartilage knee defects found that microfracture surgery improved knee function and allowed for a normal activity level following rehabilitation. The procedure showed promising results in treating these debilitating injuries.
A recent study surveyed 189 players, 15 coaches, and 31 parents, revealing alarming misconceptions about Tommy John surgery's purpose and impact. Researchers found that nearly a third of athletes believed pitch counts weren't a risk factor for injury, while a quarter thought surgery could improve performance.
A recent study by the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine found that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy does not significantly improve healing after a rotator cuff tendon repair. Researchers observed no notable differences in tendon-to-bone healing rates between patients who received PRP and those who did not.
Scientists have extended a directly-measured 'yardstick' three times farther into the cosmos using the super-sharp radio vision of the VLBA. New measurements have placed a galaxy at 450 million light-years from Earth, with implications for understanding Dark Energy and the expansion rate of the Universe.
A study published by the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine found that patients receiving hamstring tendon grafts had lower rates of pain and mobility issues 15 years after ACL knee reconstruction. The results showed a higher activity level in those with hamstring grafts, with 77% able to perform strenuous activities.
New research provides urgently needed solutions to resolve the reproducibility crisis in computational science by creating a registry for computational results, open licenses for intellectual property framework, and technical communication methodologies. This enables wider availability of scientific knowledge and detects flawed science.
The American Cancer Society has received a Presidential Citation Award from the American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine for its efforts in promoting palliative care for patients with cancer. The organization has funded over $7 million in research grants to improve quality of life for patients, survivors, and their families.
At this year's AAAS meeting, Caltech researchers will present topics ranging from solar and renewable energy solutions to the latest advancements in bioengineering. Nathan Lewis will discuss strategies for achieving clean energy goals and generating clean fuels from sunlight and water.
The European Commission's Joint Research Centre has created a European nuclear security training centre to train first responders at the EU level. The centre offers a balanced approach between theoretical lectures and hands-on sessions, covering topics such as nuclear forensics and radiological crime scene management. International col...
Physicist Raymond Orbach criticizes the Singapore Statement on Research Integrity for its 'top-down' approach, which could lead to personal rights and responsibilities being misinvaded. He argues that the scientific community can police itself and notes the importance of context in evaluating research.
A large prospective study found that arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is highly effective at restoring function, with improved ASSE scores and motor grades over time. The study also showed that some tendons can heal fully within five years after initial incomplete healing.