New research models predict increased exposure and risk of human illness from ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes ecosystems. Harmful algal blooms and Vibrio bacteria growth are expected to rise, threatening public health and economic impacts.
A Penn State materials chemist has developed an artificial system that mimics photosynthesis to produce solar-derived hydrogen fuel. However, the process remains inefficient and expensive due to recombination of electrons and limited lifetime of the system. The researcher aims to improve efficiency by modeling energy pathways and adjus...
Researchers found that athletes with symptomatic femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) had a higher incidence of athletic pubalgia and sports hernias. Treating the underlying hip condition can resolve symptoms, allowing patients to return to play.
Deep saline groundwaters in the Witwatersrand Basin show unique chemical signatures that differ from ocean and surface waters, suggesting isolation for a long time. The discovery adds to our understanding of a unique environment with microbial ecosystems that thrive on chemical energy from rock.
Researchers studied how children master speech by observing finger movements and neural processes. The study suggests that the beat could reveal underlying motor skills, shedding light on stuttering in children.
Researchers at Northwestern University are developing artificial hair cell sensors that mimic nature's ability to sense vibrations and movement. These biologically inspired sensors have the potential to improve medical device performance, enhance robotic capabilities, and create new consumer goods.
Researchers will investigate how climate change affects cereal crops and develop sustainable farming practices. The study aims to improve the long-term viability of cereal-based farming in the region, reducing carbon footprint and mitigating climate change impacts.
A UC Santa Cruz scientist is tracking bat populations using mobile storm-chasing radars, revealing insights into their behavior and population changes. The emerging field of aeroecology combines ecology, meteorology, and physics to study the interactions between organisms in the lower atmosphere.
Catherine Middlecamp advocates for a modern curriculum that prepares students for climate change, pollution, and environmental health. Her teaching approach connects chemistry concepts to everyday life, making it more relevant and engaging.
Researchers found a correlation between lithium levels in tap water and lower mortality rates in Japanese municipalities. In experiments with the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, lithium treatment led to increased longevity. The findings suggest that low-dose lithium may have life-prolonging effects in humans.
The John Theurer Cancer Center orthopedic oncologist shares novel approaches to limb sparing surgery, improving patient care for tumors in difficult locations. The educational videos showcase state-of-the-art procedures for radical limb sparing surgery and reconstruction, benefiting patients globally.
Research universities, like Penn State, host foreign students and visitors, creating security concerns. The National Security Higher Education Advisory Board fosters communication between higher education, the FBI, and federal agencies to promote understanding and cooperation.
A new trial confirms that CBT and GET are safe and moderately effective outpatient treatments for chronic fatigue syndrome, improving symptoms more than adaptive pacing therapy or specialist medical care alone. Serious adverse reactions were rare across all treatment groups.
A global shift in research will reposition the US as a major partner but not leader, according to Penn State researcher Caroline Wagner. The US could benefit from this shift by adopting knowledge-sharing policies with emerging global researchers.
Researchers have created a bioengineered protein called CD19-L that selectively targets and destroys leukemia cells, including those resistant to chemotherapy. This breakthrough discovery offers new hope for treating childhood leukemia.
A new study has successfully trialed a synthetic universal flu vaccine in mice, providing 100% protection against the H3N2 strain and 20% against the highly pathogenic bird flu. The vaccine uses peptides that trigger an immune response to a region of the flu virus present in all influenza A and B viruses.
Predatory fish such as cod, tuna, and groupers declined by two-thirds while small forage fish like sardine, anchovy, and capelin more than doubled between 1880 and 2007. This trend suggests that humans are impacting ecosystems globally.
A study by Eric Lambin predicts the world may run out of productive agricultural land by 2050 due to rising global demand and land degradation. However, some developing countries have increased their forest cover while enhancing food production through innovation, sound policy, and good governance.
Karolinska Institutet, a leading medical university in Sweden, has attracted top American researcher Juleen Zierath with its high-quality research environment and competitive ERC grant. She focuses on improving diabetes health through clinical research.
A Spanish study found that women are more empathetic and better at forgiving than men. The research also showed that parents forgive more than children, with lack of bitterness being the key condition for forgiveness.
The DOPA observatory combines data on protected areas, species distributions, and socio-economic indicators to generate global environmental indicators and maps. This initiative aims to address anthropogenic pressures on ecosystems and identify new areas for protection.
A new study reveals the risk of pulmonary embolism after outpatient knee arthroscopy is .028 percent, with identified risk factors including age, female gender, and cancer history. The study examined data from 374,033 patients undergoing 418,323 procedures between 1997 and 2006.
Researchers studying plant growth discover that universal features exist across various natural systems, including plants and animals. Alan Newell's work focuses on the mathematical models capturing these similarities.
A University of Colorado study explores the relationship between hypoxia and inflammation, finding that a protein called HIF plays a key role in the body's response to low oxygen levels. The research may help patients who undergo organ transplants or suffer from infections or cancer
Texas Children's Hospital researcher Dr. Jeffrey Jacot receives a National Science Foundation CAREER Award and $450,000 grant to develop tissue engineering therapies using stem cells derived from human amniotic fluid. The goal is to create living heart tissue that can 'patch' or reconstruct hearts with congenital defects.
Research suggests that bilingual speakers outperform monolinguals in certain mental abilities, such as editing out irrelevant information and prioritizing tasks. This 'mental juggling' skill allows bilinguals to better navigate between languages and enhances their cognitive flexibility.
According to a new study from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, only one out of 1,900 people met the American Heart Association's definition of ideal cardiovascular health. The study evaluated 1,933 participants and found that less than 10% met five or more criteria for heart-healthy behaviors.
Studies analyzed Medicare beneficiaries who had elective primary THR for osteoarthritis and found the risk of revision was approximately two percent per year for the first 18 months post-surgery. High-performance hips with improved functional capacity are also being developed for active patients, offering more durable implants.
Researchers investigate how temporal patterns in languages influence phonological, semantic, and syntactic information processing. Bilinguals' brains store fundamental regularities of speech, enhancing language efficiency.
A new study identified key factors influencing a dancer's ability to return to work after hip arthroscopy. The study found that younger age, modern dance training, and less degeneration of the articular cartilage were predictors of success, while ballet dancers and those with hip dysplasia or Cam impingement had lower rates of return.
A new US study found an average of 9,500 injuries and over 100 deaths related to cribs, playpens and bassinets among children under 2 years old each year. The majority of injuries involved cribs, with the most common injury being soft-tissue injury.
Infants raised in bilingual environments can discriminate between English and French just by watching people speak, according to UBC researcher Janet Werker. Exposure to two native languages contributes to the development of perceptual sensitivity that extends beyond their mother tongues.
Researchers have developed green chemical technologies to extract valuable chemicals from biomass, reducing waste and increasing product quality. These innovations can be used in various applications, including construction and bioprocessing.
The European Commission Joint Research Centre has developed the world's first certified reference material for nanoparticle size analysis. The material provides a stable benchmark for reliable hazard assessments and process quality control, promoting market confidence and innovation.
Deep brain stimulation therapy has shown promise in reducing symptoms of severe obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) for a small subset of patients. After years of research, Dr. Benjamin Greenberg presents the longest-term results of the technique, highlighting its potential to improve symptoms and quality of life.
A breakthrough in brain-computer interface technology could allow people to control prosthetic arms using only their thoughts. Researchers at Washington University have developed an Electroencephalography grid (EECoG) system that can detect specific brain signals, enabling users to control a virtual arm with unprecedented precision.
A Syracuse University scientist will discuss his four-year study of Islamic understandings of evolution and attitudes toward teaching the subject in five predominantly Muslim countries. The researcher found diverse thoughts about evolution in the Muslim world, varying greatly by country and cultural attitudes.
Two new observations reveal detailed structures in protoplanetary disks of two young stars, including a large gap similar to our solar system's. The images suggest the presence of one or more massive planets sweeping up material from the disk, potentially forming an entire planetary system.
Researchers found that Klotho hormone levels are low in patients with chronic kidney disease, which can lead to serious side effects. Restoring adequate Klotho levels improved renal function and reduced vascular calcification in mice with CKD.
Inducing labor without medical reason increases cesarean rates, blood loss, and hospital stays, but doesn't benefit newborns. Women who had first child found to be more susceptible to complications.
A double-blind study found that high-caffeine consuming boys experience a greater rush and more energy from caffeine compared to girls. The study also revealed differences in response to caffeine between genders, including increased blood pressure and heart rate in males.
NIFA awards $20 million each to three research teams to study climate change effects, develop adaptation methods, and train professionals. The projects will monitor soil carbon, greenhouse gas emissions, and crop management practices to inform agricultural decisions.
Researchers at Iowa State University found that innocent suspects may confess to a crime to relieve short-term distress and avoid long-term consequences. In two experiments, participants shifted their admissions to avoid immediate questions, even knowing it increased the likelihood of future consequences.
Patients who undergo elective orthopedic surgeries at high-volume hospitals have better surgical outcomes and fewer complications than those at local hospitals. Regionalizers, or patients traveling to regional high-volume hospitals, tend to be younger, white, male, and have private insurance.
Researchers will collect and analyze data on carbon, nitrogen, and water movement to create models and evaluate crop management practices. The goal is to develop scenarios based on different practices and offer training for teachers and scientists to understand climate shifts and agriculture.
Researchers at Northwestern University are studying the rat whisker system to gain a better understanding of how animals perceive touch. By developing models and simulating the rat's behavior, they aim to unlock the secrets of neural processing and potentially create new technologies that can mimic the senses of mammals.
Two Brown University scientists, Heather Leslie and Leila Sievanen, will discuss the importance of marine spatial planning, ecosystem-based management, and social science inclusion in managing the nation's oceans. Leslie will focus on understanding ocean ecosystems' resilience to variability and climate change, while Sievanen will high...
Researchers have developed methods to store billions of positrons for hours or more and cool them to low temperatures to study their properties. The largest trap for low-energy positrons is being built, capable of storing trillions of antimatter particles.
NYU's Robert Fergus, Jinyang Li, and Matthieu Wyart receive $50,000 fellowships to support their innovative work on computer vision, machine learning, and physical systems. The awards recognize the potential of these rising stars in their respective fields.
The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons emphasizes the risks of delayed hip fracture surgery, which can lead to increased medical complications and longer hospital stays. Additionally, researchers highlight high rates of adverse events in patients undergoing partial hip replacement, particularly among Medicare beneficiaries. The s...
Cost-effectiveness research is crucial in developing new medical technology to control healthcare costs while maximizing health outcomes. The effects of science and technology on healthcare costs depend on policy context, with current policies resisting the use of cost-effectiveness methods, leading to rising healthcare expenses.
A new study found that depression symptoms increase over time for addiction-prone women, contradicting the common notion that these disorders are either genetic or caused by environmental factors. The research highlights the complex interplay between biological, social, and community-level factors that influence these disorders.
A group of scientists argue that prescribed burning may cause more problems than it solves, as there is little evidence that Mediterranean-climate plants are fire-adapted. The researchers suggest alternative management practices to prevent increased fire frequency.
The commentary highlights knowledge gaps in current guidelines for cancer survivors, emphasizing the need for longer-term research to address chronic health conditions. Nutrition interventions are seen as crucial in preventing cancer recurrence and managing comorbidities.
The University of Idaho will lead a five-year, $20 million USDA-funded project to study the impacts of climate change on Pacific Northwest wheat and barley production. The team will focus on cereal production systems and create a region-wide research, outreach, and education network to address complex issues raised by changing climate.
Researchers mapped the topography of bat molars using GPS technology, revealing trends in dental complexity across 17 species of New World leaf-nosed bats. The study found that fruit-eating species had sharp outer edges and large surfaces with tiny indentations, while insect-eating species had simpler shearing surfaces.
Mayo Clinic researchers confirmed that patients who receive therapeutic hypothermia after resuscitation from cardiac arrest have favorable chances of surviving the event. High NSE levels in the blood were shown to predict poor outcomes in non-hypothermia cases, but elevated levels also occurred in some patients who recovered well.
Asthma affects 8% of Americans and 300 million worldwide, but global variations in diagnosis and treatment have significant implications. Researchers are exploring how cultural factors impact asthma management, including the use of different terms to describe symptoms and varying levels of parental involvement.
A recent study by Hospital for Special Surgery investigators found no improvement in tendon healing after rotator cuff repair using platelet-rich fibrin matrix. The study's findings question the premature use of PRP in some cases, highlighting the need for further research on dosing and timing.
Aeroecology is a new discipline that focuses on the aerosphere and its influence on airborne organisms. Organisms such as bats, birds, and insects rely on this aerial environment for their existence, but are also affected by human-altered landscapes and climate change.