Researchers at Brown University have found unusual properties in wrinkles and folds at the nanoscale, including hidden long waves and closed nanochannels. These discoveries hold promise for developing new technologies like fluid-carrying nanochannels and printable cell phones.
Researchers at Princeton University discovered that blocking small holes in a metal film enhances light transmission by up to 70%. The technique challenges common assumptions in optics and could have significant implications for ultrasensitive detectors. Further investigation is needed to apply this finding to various applications.
A new RAND Corporation study reveals a 10-fold increase in retail clinic usage between 2007 and 2009, driven by factors such as age, health status, income, and proximity. Retail clinics are found to be more effective for managing simple acute conditions like upper respiratory infections and ear infections.
Scientists have discovered that unconfined flames can spontaneously form detonations in reactive gases and astrophysical systems, providing a missing link for theoretical models of Type la supernovae. The research team used computer simulations to study the deflagration-to-detonation transition in hydrogen-air and methane-air mixtures.
A new report from Boston College and Duke University finds that girls are more devastated than boys when friends let them down. The study examined fourth- and fifth-grade children and found that girls interpreted friendship transgressions in a negative way, leading to increased anger and aggression.
Researchers at UCF have successfully grown neuromuscular junctions between human muscle and spinal cord cells using stem cells. This breakthrough is a critical step towards developing human-on-a-chip models for medical research and drug testing.
A Duke University study found that pre-teen girls are just as likely to react aggressively to a friend's betrayal as boys, but may struggle more with feelings of sadness. The research suggests that girls' friendships require a different approach than previously thought, focusing on teaching them how to cope when a friend lets them down.
Researchers from Los Alamos National Laboratory and Indiana University analyzed the field's evolution, composition, and collaboration structure. The study concludes that sustainability science is both applied and basic, spanning worldwide institutions and governments. A global collaboration network emerged around 2000, defining the fie...
A new projection shows global food demand doubling by 2050, which could lead to significant environmental issues if not addressed. Increasing yield in poorer countries through adapted high-yielding technologies and efficient nitrogen fertilizers usage can help mitigate these effects.
The study investigates the mechanical characteristics of mortise-tenon joints in southern Chinese traditional timber frame buildings. Key findings include differences in joint thickness, configuration, and style between northern and southern regions.
New research reveals that Toll-like receptors play a major role in brain damage risk for newborns, contributing to conditions like cerebral palsy and epilepsy. The discovery could lead to more effective treatment strategies, such as blocking special TLRs to reduce brain damage following hypoxia.
A Concordia University study found that 25% of Canadians aged 31 to 50 exceed the safe limit of total calories derived from fats. Individuals who eat well are 20% less likely to be obese, according to the researchers.
Pitt researchers are working on a new method to produce solar cells with higher energy efficiency rates using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy. The goal is to create plastic solar cells that can be used to charge devices simply by stepping into sunlight, reducing energy consumption and promoting sustainable energy.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that surgery significantly improves short- and long-term outcomes in patients with heart failure caused by bacterial endocarditis. The study showed patients who underwent surgery had a lower mortality rate compared to those treated with medical therapy alone.
A $3.8 million grant will investigate the connection between sleep apnea and atrial fibrillation, with the goal of identifying new approaches for prevention and treatment. The study aims to characterize how sleep apnea affects the heart's structure and function, potentially leading to improved outcomes for patients with this condition.
A McMaster University study found that moderate salt intake was linked to the lowest risk of cardiovascular events, while excessive or low salt intake increased the risk of stroke, heart attack, and other complications. The research calls into question current guidelines recommending low sodium intake.
Challenges in LMICs require balanced expensive and low-cost research methods to prioritize problems. Good governance can help optimize resource use, ensuring more effective mental health research.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found that men are less willing to be screened for cancer despite having higher mortality rates. The study suggests that better health and cancer screening promotion among men can improve existing practices.
NASA satellites track Hurricane Kenneth's record-breaking path, reaching category three status with maximum sustained winds of near 145 mph. The storm is expected to weaken due to cooler sea surface temperatures and increasing wind shear.
A new study found that conscious awareness influences information processing during decision making, leading to non-linear integration strategies. Participants who were aware of the evidence weighted new information based on their existing knowledge.
Research from Boston University School of Medicine found no association between depression and delayed diagnostic resolution after abnormal mammograms or Pap tests. Women with psychiatric disorders face disparities in cancer screening and outcomes, but this study suggests pre-existing depression is not a significant barrier to resolution.
University of Missouri dietitians recommend families maintain healthy diet and exercise habits during the holiday season. Choosing healthy options at the Thanksgiving table and finding ways to stay active can help prevent weight gain and promote overall well-being.
Researchers discovered a unique metabolic pathway in some tumors, potentially targeting for drug development. The reverse Krebs cycle pathway was found to run counter-clockwise in tumors, providing a new therapeutic target. This breakthrough could lead to effective treatments for certain types of cancer.
Repeatedly taking slightly too much paracetamol over time can lead to a dangerous staggered overdose. Patients with staggered overdoses often have low levels of paracetamol in their blood despite being at high risk of liver failure and death, according to Dr Kenneth Simpson.
A recent study published in Cornell Hospitality Quarterly found that novice wine consumers can be swayed by advertising and create stronger memories when they have a better understanding of the product's background. To combat this, wine producers are advised to combine tasting experiences with educational materials.
Researchers created a new design for mechanical heart valves that closely matches the pattern and rate of blood flow found in healthy hearts. The asymmetric valves improved cardiac function, reducing the effort required by the heart muscle and restoring its regulatory mechanism.
Long-term follow-up of statin trial shows benefits persisted after treatment cessation, with no increase in cancer incidence or non-vascular mortality. Statins are deemed safe for long-term use in reducing vascular disease risk.
Among patients with infective endocarditis and heart failure, valvular surgery is associated with lower hospital and one-year mortality rates. The study found that nearly one-third of patients with high surgical propensity did not receive surgery, highlighting the need for improved recognition and treatment.
Researchers at the University of Texas Health Science Center have identified potent compounds in the bat plant that can selectively kill cancer cells. The taccalonolides stabilize microtubules in cancer cells without affecting healthy cells.
A new study found that 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week significantly improves sleep quality, with participants feeling less sleepy during the day. The study's results support mounting research linking regular exercise to various health benefits, including improved daytime alertness.
Researchers found that seal mothers adopt a wide range of mothering styles, with some being very attentive while others are not. The study also revealed large differences in response to potential dangers among both female and male seals, with no correlation to age or size.
A multi-national team, including USC scientists, found that indoor pollution has been drastically reduced at the church housing the famous painting by 88 and 94 percent. However, fatty lipids from visitors' skin still pose a threat of soiling on the Last Supper, despite strict visitor access regulations.
A recent trial shows cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in reducing functional disability and depressive symptoms in adolescents with juvenile fibromyalgia. The study also found CBT to be safe and superior to disease management education, improving daily functioning and overall wellbeing.
Researchers found that consuming canned soup daily led to a 1,221% increase in urinary BPA concentrations compared to fresh soup consumption. Elevated BPA levels may be temporary but highlight concerns for individuals who regularly consume foods from cans.
Researchers found that high levels of dendritic cells in the pancreas can alleviate cellular stress caused by severe inflammation, while low levels are associated with exacerbated pancreas injury. Dendritic cells play a critical protective role in pancreatic organ survival.
A study by Mona Loutfy and colleagues found that women experience a complex system of stigma related to HIV, sexism, racism, homophobia, and sex work. The researchers identified resilience, social networks, and challenging stigma as effective coping strategies.
Researchers found that ABCB4, a protein responsible for moving auxin, also removes excess hormone when it accumulates, potentially affecting root growth. The study suggests that the herbicide 2,4-D may impact plants thought to be resistant due to its effect on this protein.
A Swedish study found that babies who started eating fish before nine months are less likely to suffer from pre-school wheeze. However, children who were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics in the first week of life or whose mothers took paracetamol during pregnancy faced an increased risk, particularly of multiple-trigger wheeze.
Researchers found that six out of ten cancers were more common in HIV-infected patients, including Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Earlier antiretroviral therapy may help maintain immune function and reduce cancer risk.
A recent study published in PLOS Medicine found that zinc supplementation does not protect young Tanzanian children against malaria. The research suggested that multi-nutrient supplementation may even increase the risk of malaria in children with iron deficiency.
Scientists used 700- to 1,100-year-old Hawaiian ibis feathers to confirm the bird's classification as a close relative of the American white ibis and scarlet ibis. The plumage coloration revealed the bird was brown-black to ivory-beige, providing new insights into prehistorically extinct Hawaiian birds.
The Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard NASA's NPP satellite has acquired its first measurements, capturing high-resolution imagery of Eastern North America. The data will be used to observe the Earth's surface, including fires, ice, ocean color, vegetation, clouds, and land and sea surface temperatures.
A team of UNC scientists has identified P-Rex1 protein as a crucial factor in the movement of melanoblasts, leading to melanoma development. The study found that mice lacking this protein are resistant to melanoma metastasis, suggesting P-Rex1 plays an important role in cancer spread.
The article discusses innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury, including novel biomaterials, biomechanics, and simulation technology. Leading research articles explore the effects of brain trauma, nerve regeneration, and neuroprotection.
A study found that higher sodium excretion was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, while lower sodium excretion was linked to a higher risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for congestive heart failure. Higher potassium excretion was also found to be protective against stroke.
A study by Prof. Sébastien Sauvé and colleagues has discovered a strong correlation between the levels of caffeine in water and the level of bacteria, making caffeine a useful indicator of pollution due to sewerage systems.
Researchers find synesthesia is an authentic phenomenon with sensory basis, common among artists and novelists. The 'synesthesia gene' may have evolved to make highly creative individuals more prone to link unrelated ideas.
A groundbreaking study by the Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail found that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) risk to police officers is lower than initially thought. Police officers who received interventional support after traumatic events showed reduced symptoms of PTSD.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine identified a specific enzyme that regulates the wake-sleep cycle, which could lead to more effective sleep aid medications. The study found that blocking or activating this enzyme triggers an important shift in consciousness between sleep and wakefulness.
Cities' grandiose Olympic Village projects often prioritize private sector interests over public good, leading to significant financial burdens on taxpayers. Sociologist Jay Scherer's research highlights the importance of democratic transparency in such partnerships, emphasizing the need for community benefits and fair risk distribution.
Researchers at Southwest University of China proposed a novel method to increase the coercivity of MFM cantilevers while maintaining isotropy and reducing annealing temperature. The new coating layer exhibits improved stability and higher resolution, making it suitable for high-performance MFM applications.
Research on tunnel-FET technology, which exploits the quantum tunnel effect, promises to reduce power consumption of transistors and microprocessors. This breakthrough could lead to ultra-miniaturized, zero-power electronic devices.
Researchers found that more than one-quarter of Canadian adults will be diagnosed with hypertension by 2012/13. Higher rates were observed in women older than 65 and in the Atlantic provinces.
A new mathematical model predicts individual patient responses to therapy and identifies optimal treatments for advanced prostate cancer. The model incorporates personalized data, including tumor cell characteristics, to provide more accurate treatment decisions.
A new method for counting molecules has been developed by researchers at Karolinska Institutet, allowing for the accurate measurement of RNA and DNA molecules in cells. This breakthrough enables the counting of absolute numbers of molecules, rather than just relative differences between samples.
A recent study found that South Asian patients are almost three times as likely to require repeat angioplasty and urgent treatment compared to White European counterparts. Despite higher rates of social deprivation and younger age at onset, the two groups showed similar long-term death rates.
Researchers discovered a powerful connection between loss of wildlife access and micronutrient deficiencies in children. Losing access to wildlife induces a 30% relative increase in anemia prevalence among pre-adolescent children. Conservation efforts are crucial to prevent severe health consequences.
The PlayScape outdoor laboratory will feature a tree house, sensory garden, bird-watching hideaway, and more, providing a unique learning environment for children aged three to five. The project aims to enhance learning through nature-based activities and promote environmental stewardship.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered a second faulty gene, sequestosome1, contributing to the degeneration of motor neurons in ALS. The study provides new insights into the disease's progression and potential targets for drug therapies.
A team of researchers has developed an artificial neural network model to predict the location of fossil sites. The software uses satellite imagery and maps to identify productive areas in the Great Divide Basin, Wyoming, and has already accurately pinpointed 79% of known fossil sites.