Researchers analyzed 301 languages across four families to find recurring patterns in sentence structure. The study reveals that sentence structure is determined by historical context rather than innate rules, contradicting long-held views on language evolution.
New research reveals that some dinosaurs, such as big plant-eating dinosaurs, were active both day and night due to their need for constant food intake. Velociraptors, on the other hand, hunted at night like modern nocturnal animals, challenging the traditional assumption about dinosaur activity patterns.
A new study found that cognitive-behavioral therapy can reduce tics and brain activity in patients with Tourette syndrome, potentially leading to improved treatment options. The therapy was shown to have a measurable impact on brain activity linked to symptom improvement.
A recent study published in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology found that US forests can sequester up to 40% of the nation's fossil fuel carbon emissions. However, widespread droughts can cut this amount by about 20%.
Researchers have developed a method to finely control methane combustion, producing ethylene at room temperature and formaldehyde at lower temperatures. The process uses gold dimer cations as catalysts, enabling the selective generation of different products.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed soft, elastic gels that change color when exposed to UV light. The materials are made with a type of photochromic compound called spiropyran, which changes color in response to UV radiation.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham discovered a simple illusion can reduce and even eliminate arthritic pain in the hand, affecting 85% of volunteers. The MIRAGE technology uses computer manipulations to trick the brain into feeling less pain, with some participants experiencing temporary elimination of pain.
A recent survey conducted by the American College of Endocrinology found that over half of individuals with type 2 diabetes have experienced low blood sugar, often during daily activities. The study highlights the need for increased education on blood sugar management and symptom recognition to prevent serious consequences.
A Mayo Clinic case study finds Botox effective in treating disabling low cerebrospinal fluid headaches. The patient's headaches improved significantly after receiving Botox treatments, allowing her to live a more normal life.
Researchers found that people do reasonably well at judging their own first impressions, with accuracy tied to moderate levels of confidence. The study suggests that most people are like most people, and that recognizing this similarity leads to more accurate perceptions.
Researchers found that ice makers in four different refrigerators increased rated energy consumption by 12 to 20 percent, with three-fourths of the extra energy used for heaters. This study aims to improve efficiency and inform federal minimum efficiency standards for refrigerators.
Research finds that stroke survival improves for seniors living in cohesive neighborhoods, where social support and interactions with neighbors play a crucial role. The study's results suggest that a positive neighborhood environment is essential for senior health.
Researchers found that stable patients who start an exercise program one week after a heart attack experience better heart performance than those who wait. The study suggests that at least six months of exercise is the most beneficial, and early referral to rehabilitation can lead to improved outcomes.
A new study reveals that dinosaurs, like velociraptors, were nocturnal hunters, while plant-eaters were active during the day and night. The research uses eye measurements to separate ecological and phylogenetic signals, providing insight into how environment influences evolution.
Researchers at TU Delft have discovered that a moving bicycle can remain stable without relying on traditional gyroscopic or caster effects. By analyzing the dynamics of bicycle motion, they found a new approach to achieve self-stability.
A new study suggests that responding to workplace anger with compassion, rather than sanctions, can promote positive change. Researchers found no connection between firing an irate employee and solving underlying workplace problems.
Researchers found that variations in the follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene may increase a woman's risk for delivering her infant prematurely. The study suggests that human gestation has been pushed to shorter times due to evolutionary changes, which could lead to new targets for therapeutic or preventive measures.
Vanderbilt University's ISIS has built a web-based platform for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) researchers to collaborate and share knowledge. The CPS-VO aims to foster progress, develop priorities, and distribute information in the rapidly emerging field of cyber-physical systems.
Researchers found that intensive or family-based HIV prevention interventions may be needed to encourage juvenile offenders to use condoms and stop engaging in risky sexual behavior. Despite interventions, one-third of teens continue to have unprotected sex.
Nationwide Children's Hospital has been accepted into the Neonatal Research Network, a national organization dedicated to improving neonatal care. The center will contribute patient data to a registry of very low birth weight infants, providing valuable insights into premature infant health outcomes.
Scientists have discovered that chitons can see objects overhead using eye lenses made of aragonite, a type of rock. This unique feature allows them to detect potential predators and defend against being eaten.
A randomized trial found that overweight postmenopausal women who combined a low-fat, low-calorie diet with regular aerobic exercise shed nearly 11 percent of their starting weight. This study suggests that combining diet and exercise is more effective for weight loss than either method alone.
Research at Ohio State University found that polluted air can activate a protein triggering white blood cell release, leading to widespread inflammation. Chronic exposure to particulate matter increases the risk of cardiovascular problems and diseases like diabetes and obesity.
For the first time since 1972, more Americans say their financial situation has gotten worse. This decline is attributed to economic uncertainty and personal finances. Meanwhile, marital happiness increased, and Americans remain satisfied with their work.
Researchers from University of Granada successfully created the first bioartificial organ in Spain by replacing pig corneal cells with human stem cells. The new organ maintains the basic structure of the cornea while replacing its cellular components.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a method to construct arbitrary, two and three-dimensional shapes using DNA origami. The new technique allows for the creation of complex curvature in 3D nanostructures, enabling potential applications in ultra-tiny computing components and nanomedical devices.
Researchers found that male humpbacks sing the same mating tune, but with changing patterns over time, spreading across the ocean from west to east. The study revealed cultural transmission on a broad scale, similar to humans, as songs spread between populations in the Pacific Ocean.
Researchers found that salt intake raises blood pressure by disrupting temperature regulation in the cardiovascular system, affecting some individuals more than others. This discovery may lead to a comprehensive theory explaining most cases of high blood pressure.
A new study suggests that stronger regulations on single embryo transfers during IVF could save lives and reduce healthcare costs. The research found that a significant decrease in risk of premature birth and medical complications would occur with mandatory single embryo transfers.
Scientists at UC Santa Barbara are studying sea squirts to better understand the immune system's response to transplanted organs. By analyzing the sea squirt's cellular biology, researchers hope to find ways to 'tune' the body's immune response and prevent rejection of donated organs.
A US Department of Agriculture study suggests that dietary yeast extract has good potential as a non-antibiotic alternative for decreasing pathogens in organic turkey production. The researchers are looking for a balance between enhancing immune response and maintaining growth.
A randomized trial found that older workers who received personalized coaching alongside a web-based risk assessment reported improved physical activity and reduced dietary fat intake. In contrast, those in a control group experienced a decline in waist circumference at six months that was maintained at 12 months.
Bicycle balance relies on a mixture of physical effects linked to mass distribution, not gyroscopic or caster effects. Researchers built a riderless bike that balanced itself without these effects.
A population-based retrospective study found that taking statins before major elective surgery reduces potentially serious kidney complications and premature death. Statin use was associated with lower incidence of acute kidney injury, dialysis need, and mortality.
Researchers perfect a method to temporarily turn off essential genes in adult mice without killing them, allowing for reversible gene silencing. This breakthrough enables testing of therapeutic targets and evaluation of their efficacy and side effects.
Researchers found that a teacher-based intervention reduced PTSD symptoms in war-exposed children by 50% compared to a control group. The study suggests that this universal and cost-effective approach can enhance community preparedness for mass trauma and prevent PTSD development.
Johns Hopkins scientists have discovered a molecular wrecking ball called thorase that regulates the demolition phase of a cycle at synapses, critical for learning and memory. The enzyme's activity can be harnessed to create new treatments for autism, post-traumatic stress, and memory dysfunction.
Researchers used an alternative cell signaling pathway to improve immune function in a 13-year-old boy with mild Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome, a rare and deadly immunodeficiency disorder. The study achieved clinical laboratory benefits and represents a new treatment option for patients with WAS.
New training program aims to improve communication skills among healthcare providers and between providers and patients, leading to better medical outcomes and reduced errors.
A team at UCSF has identified the right hemisphere's pregenual anterior cingulate cortex as crucial for embarrassment. The study found that people with neurological damage in this region responded less emotionally to criticism, suggesting a potential diagnostic tool for neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers will investigate the underlying biology of GI dysfunction and test a novel probiotic therapy to restore function in children with ASD. The study aims to better understand the connections between GI symptoms, gut barrier function, immune function, and abnormal behavior in ASD.
Implementing ACOs effectively has the potential to achieve better care, population health, and lower costs. The Commission's recommendations for ACOs include strong primary care foundation, accountability for quality, informed patients, commitment to serving the community, and innovative payment methods.
The Tissue Organization Field Theory (TOFT) of cancer origin proposes cells as the primary cause, contradicting the widely accepted Somatic Mutation Theory (SMT). The authors argue that current SMT technologies are untestable and fail to explain observable cancer phenomena.
New study provides clearer picture of cellular signals contributing to aortic aneurysm progression in Marfan syndrome. Losartan alters these signals by blocking TGF-beta's partner, angiotensin II receptor.
Researchers have discovered a new, room-temperature method to produce hydrogen using molybdenum-based catalysts, which could significantly lower production costs. The new catalysts are stable, efficient, and compatible with acidic, neutral, or basic conditions in water.
Researchers at Tufts University discovered that astrocytes play a crucial role in regulating circadian rhythms and sleep patterns. The study found that disrupting astrocyte function in fruit flies led to altered daily rhythms, indicating the importance of these glial cells in controlling circadian behavior.
Researchers used computational simulations to explore hydrocarbon formation from methane under high pressure and temperature conditions. They found that hydrocarbons with multiple carbon atoms can form from methane at temperatures greater than 1,500 K and pressures 50,000 times those at the Earth's surface.
Researchers have uncovered 8 genes that control the main steroid produced by the adrenal gland, which is believed to play a role in aging and longevity. The study found that these genetic regions are also associated with common age-related diseases, providing the first genetic evidence for the ageing role of the steroid.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have developed a new method to improve OLED efficiency by using a one-atom thick layer of chlorine. This innovation enables record efficiencies of up to 50% at high brightness levels, making it a promising technology for future flat-panel displays and lighting applications.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry suggests that serotonin activity affects how people perceive intimate relationships. Healthy adults with lower serotonin levels rated couples as less intimate and romantic than those with normal serotonin activity.
A study by University of Rochester researchers found that toddlers use their parents' disfluencies to learn language more efficiently. When a parent says 'um' or 'uh,' the child instinctively looks at unfamiliar objects on a screen, indicating they're paying attention to potential new words.
Experts recommend collecting peripheral blood stem cells from Fukushima radiation workers to prepare for potential future stem cell transplants. This technique has several advantages over allogeneic transplantation, including reducing the risk of graft-versus-host disease and immunosuppression.
A UCSF study reveals a possible early sign of dementia: the inability to detect sarcasm and lies. Researchers mapped brain activity in older adults with neurodegenerative diseases and found associations between deteriorating brain regions and this ability. This finding could help diagnose dementia earlier, enabling timely intervention.
Researchers found that 60% of substance-dependent individuals reported fair or poor oral health, with opioid users experiencing worse oral health over time. The study suggests that addressing oral health concerns may facilitate medical care discussions for addicts.
WSU researchers have confirmed a critical step in cell division that results in age-related miscarriages and birth defects, including Down syndrome. Egg cells failing to properly arrange chromosomes can lead to aneuploidy, or an abnormal number of chromosomes.
Researchers at University of Washington and Stanford University report turbulence at a front near Japan, 10-20 times more energetic than wind generated. This finding provides first direct observations of an ocean front's dynamics on scales from kilometers to millimeters.
A new study reveals apparent gaps in restaurant staff's knowledge of food allergy, with common allergens not separated from other foods in one out of three kitchens. Despite lacking formal training, 80% of respondents reported confidence in providing safe meals for food-allergic customers.
Researchers found that a subgroup of PPMS patients can convert to PRMS, with faster disease progression and increased risk for sustained disability. The study emphasizes the need for clinicians to consider evaluating this subgroup differently in assessing prognosis and clinical course.
A study of night nurses reveals that a common sleep strategy used to adjust to working nights throws off their internal clocks, leading to poorer adaptation and increased risk of cardiovascular disorders. The research found that genetic variations in circadian clock genes influence the effectiveness of this strategy.
A pilot program in Baltimore City identified frequent 911 callers and paired them with case workers, reducing calls by nearly half while improving access to care. The study found significant savings and benefits for participants, highlighting the potential for targeted interventions to improve EMS efficiency.