A new study uses PET scans to image metabolic changes in thyroid cancer patients treated with vandetanib, a protein kinase inhibitor. The findings show that PET imaging can help define the therapy response and identify potential markers of treatment efficacy.
Researchers propose using patterns of mild weight loss as an early-warning signal for underlying public health threats, such as disease epidemics or changes in child feeding practices. The study found that changes in the number of mildly undernourished children were more closely linked to child mortality than extreme cases.
A new study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases found that 36 patients out of 1,800 HIV-infected men were diagnosed with hepatitis C, with 25% having a history of injection drug use. The study emphasizes the need for continued screening and awareness of risk behaviors among HIV-infected individuals.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have identified a progenitor cell in adult zebrafish kidneys that can be transplanted to generate new nephrons. This finding offers hope for improving kidney function and treating renal disease.
The European Menopause and Andropause Society publishes two important position statements covering common management problems in post-reproductive health, including hormone therapy options for Cardiovascular disease and Osteoporosis. The statements provide summary recommendations for clinicians to manage menopause-related symptoms.
A new study found that repeat MRI screenings for breast cancer result in fewer false-positive results, with a cancer detection rate nearly twice as high as baseline exams. This improved detection rate reassures high-risk patients about the effectiveness of annual MRI screening.
A team of researchers has identified a potential biomarker for predicting future metastasis in patients with the most common form of liver cancer. They also explored a new gene therapy approach to treating the underlying cause of most forms of muscular dystrophy.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University developed a new real-time tumor tracking technique that minimizes radiation delivery to surrounding healthy tissue by up to 50%. This approach enables radiation oncologists to administer more radiation and faster to tumors, potentially decreasing side effects.
A study led by Dr. Andrej Romanovsky found that mice with TRPV1-deficient receptors exhibited higher locomotor activity, especially during the day, suggesting a suppressive effect of TRPV1 on physical movement.
Researchers found that mice with chronic morphine exposure showed decreasing physical dependence during abstinence, but developed depressive-like symptoms. Treatment with antidepressant fluoxetine prevented these symptoms.
A new study reveals that estrogen receptors in the liver are critical for maintaining fertility, with dietary protein playing a crucial role. The researchers found that mice on calorie-restricted diets showed reduced reproductive cycles, but those given more protein restored normal function.
A new FDA-approved drug, Sodium Fluoride F18, has been approved for use in bone scans, providing a safer alternative to the radioactive tracer Technetium-99m. The drug offers improved images using PET imaging, enabling better and earlier detection of bone metastases in cancer patients.
A Stanford researcher's study reveals that many rheumatoid arthritis patients are not receiving recommended disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) due to high costs and health disparities. The study found that 63% of Medicare-managed care patients received any DMARD treatment, with significant variations by income level, race, ...
Researchers at BWH have engineered human mesenchymal adult stem cells with internal depots that can slowly release agents to influence cell behavior. The cells demonstrated controlled differentiation into bone cells, even affecting distant cells.
Human amniotic epithelial cells, derived from discarded human placenta, demonstrate therapeutic response when transplanted into lab test tubes and animal models of stroke. The interaction with melatonin receptor MT1 promotes functional recovery.
A global collaboration found that invasive plant species have similar or lower abundance at introduced versus native sites, challenging the 'abundance assumption'. This study used standardized protocols across over 60 sites worldwide to collect population and community data, providing a new approach to address critical ecological issues.
Bevacizumab, a cancer treatment drug, increases the risk of fatal adverse events (FAEs) when combined with chemotherapy or biological therapy. According to a review of published trials, the overall incidence of FAEs was 2.5%, with a significant increase in patients receiving taxanes or platinum agents.
Two Cluster satellites encounter a natural particle accelerator above the northern hemisphere, mapping its electrical landscape. This discovery sheds light on the generation of auroras and provides new insights into space plasma.
Teenage girls and young women infected with HIV are more likely to get pregnant and experience pregnancy complications compared to their HIV-negative peers. The study found that behaviorally acquired HIV-infected teens were seven times more likely to have multiple pregnancies than those infected at birth.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University developed a technique to create graphene oxide films with adjustable surface roughness, leading to the creation of super-hydrophobic and super-hydrophilic surfaces. This could lead to applications in self-cleaning glasses, antifogging surfaces, corrosion protection, and more.
Dr. Strauf's research focuses on scalability of semiconductor quantum photonic devices, which could enable novel applications in quantum communication, lithography, and national security. His award will support his work at Stevens and Brookhaven National Lab, as well as graduate student researchers.
A dry powder, live-attenuated measles vaccine was successfully tested in rhesus macaques, providing complete protection with a single dose. The novel vaccine can be shipped as powder and does not require reconstitution or special training to administer.
Scientists studied arctic ptarmigan to understand how they cope with extreme environments, discovering their efficient gaits and energy-saving strategies that could improve domesticated breeds' welfare and meat yield. The research aims to prevent future food security crises by breeding birds that can store energy efficiently.
The BigBOSS Collaboration will use 500 nights of observing time on the Mayall Telescope to create a massive galaxy-redshift map, reaching back 10 billion years to investigate dark energy. The instrument will enable precise measurements of thousands of astronomical objects, providing unprecedented opportunities for scientific research.
A study by radiologists suggests that radiologic case studies can effectively teach physiology to medical students, highlighting four broad physiologic principles: homeostasis, biologic energy use, structure-function relationships, and communication.
Researchers have identified five additional genetic variations that contribute significantly to Parkinson's disease risk, with 20% of patients carrying high-risk variants being two-and-a-half times more likely to develop PD. The study highlights the importance of common genetic variation in the development of this debilitating condition.
The February 2011 Geosphere issue explores recent advances in Grenville geology, including pegmatite geochronology and 3D characterization of sandstone using X-ray CT. This themed issue honors James McLelland's contributions to understanding the Grenville Province.