Researchers show strong links between South China Sea, West Pacific, and Coral Triangle preserve diversity and resilience of coral reefs. The region's natural resources are closely interconnected, highlighting the need for collective action to protect them.
A new test identifying aggressive lung cancer sub-type in never-smokers may help doctors select the most appropriate therapies. The study found that tumors expressing a protein product called anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) are more common in this group, increasing disease progression risk.
A new study from Harvard School of Public Health found that there is little historical evidence to justify cutting global health aid during economic downturns. In fact, some countries have increased their aid commitments during crises, contrary to fears of fiscal austerity.
A study led by Academy Research Fellow Eleanor Coffey identifies new players that put the brakes on neuron migration. The results show that JNK1 and SCG10 cooperate to slow down neurons' movement, which is crucial for brain development.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have discovered how autophagy, a process of 'self-eating', safeguards against cancer development. The discovery highlights an unexpected role for Noxa in triggering the self-destructive process that kills fledgling tumour cells.
The AQUASUN project develops a new paradigm in energy production by floating solar panels on water, reducing the need for land-based installations. The technology combines solar cells with a cooling system using water to increase efficiency and reduce costs, while maintaining environmental sustainability.
USDA scientists have successfully applied generic irradiation protocols to control quarantine insect pests on fresh commodities, enabling easier and less costly exports of tropical fruits and vegetables from Hawaii. This technology has also been adopted by several countries, including Mexico, India, and Thailand.
A $20 million grant will study the effects of climate change on southern pine forests, a major economic engine in the US economy. The research aims to improve forest health, productivity, and sustainability while providing tools for landowners to adapt to climate change.
Researchers found that TimeSlips improves communication skills and positive affect in persons with dementia, promoting rich social interactions and meaningful activities. The program is an easy and affordable activity for long-term care facilities to implement, offering a stimulating alternative to typical activities.
Researchers have developed a method to create pristine sheets of graphene from regular table sugar, offering potential for lighter, faster and cheaper computer electronics. The technique allows for control over the film's thickness and opens up possibilities for doped graphene applications in various fields.
Researchers have identified a protein produced by HIV-1 that drives infected cells out of dormancy and into the cell cycle. This finding sheds light on how HIV reactivates after entering a dormant state and may lead to new treatments for people with HIV infection.
In a groundbreaking study, teenage male songbirds were found to significantly improve their singing in the presence of females, demonstrating the impact of social cues on learning. This finding has important implications for understanding human language acquisition and motor skill development.
The European Space Agency has approved a £400 million mission to study extra-solar planets, led by UCL, to look for signs of life in nearby star systems. The Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory (EChO) will use a 1.2 meter telescope to analyze the atmospheres of habitable planets and search for biomarkers.
A new predictive model identifies patients at high risk of dysphagia after head and neck cancer treatment, allowing for early intervention and improved quality of life. The study found that large tumours, swallowing problems, and tumour location are key risk factors for developing dysphagia.
Researchers studied 437 family members aged 8-93, finding a strong link between active music listening, creativity, and genetic variations associated with AVPR1A gene. The study provides molecular evidence of sound's role in social communication and attachment behavior.
Four Penn State faculty have been selected to participate in collaborative projects with international partners on various topics, including ocean acidification, earth surface sedimentary flow processes, climate change adaptation, and public health. The partnerships aim to address global issues and promote interdisciplinary research.
A Virginia Tech engineer is leading a government team to investigate the geotechnical impacts of the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand. The team will focus on documenting extreme events and their effects on infrastructure.
Researchers discovered that zoledronic acid can prevent lung cancer metastases from recruiting new blood vessels. The drug showed a statistically significant reduction in VEGF and b-FGF levels, suggesting potential anti-angiogenic effects.
A new study found that teenagers rated positively by their teachers had higher levels of well-being later in life, including higher work satisfaction and more frequent social activities. Happy children were also less likely to develop mental disorders throughout their lives.
A study published in Psychology and Health found that making a concrete plan and visualizing its execution leads to better food habits. Students who combined planning with visualization increased their fruit consumption twice as much as those who only planned.
Researchers found that Hashimoto's thyroiditis symptoms persist even when thyroid function is normal, affecting quality of life. Women with higher levels of anti-thyroid antibodies experienced more symptoms.
Researchers found no evidence of viral infection causing acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in most patients. Instead, torque teno virus (TTV) was detected in lung fluid samples from a small percentage of IPF patients, suggesting it may be a marker of lung injury rather than a cause.
A new study examines recurrent wound botulism among injection drug users in California, finding that nearly three-quarters of reported cases are linked to this condition. The study highlights the risk of repeated cases despite potentially developing protective immunity against botulism.
A newly discovered activity of the p53 gene activates microRNA miR-200c to reverse epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. The study offers a potential therapeutic strategy for targeting tumor-initiating cells with stem cell characteristics.
Homeless kids who use online social networking sites are more likely to have been tested for sexually transmitted infections and better informed about preventing them, despite increased risk of risky behaviors
Researchers use fMRI to probe for higher-level cognitive functioning in severely brain-injured patients, finding a wide variation in response capabilities. The study suggests that no bedside exam can accurately assess cognitive function in these patients, highlighting the need for further exploration and understanding.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology found a statistically significant increase in microearthquakes after the Chilean earthquake in February. The study suggests that seismic waves from distant earthquakes can trigger events on the other side of the Earth, with secondary and tertiary waves playing a key role.
The study reveals that no single factor leads to a grasshopper outbreak, but rather multiple interacting factors are necessary. Grasshoppers have a significant impact on plants by altering nitrogen cycles in grasslands, which can either increase or decrease plant production depending on the type of vegetation they feed on.
A new study reveals that the CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and BORIS proteins directly regulate Rb2/p130 gene expression in lung cells. The findings show that small lung cancer cells exhibit low expression levels of Rb2/p130, while non-small lung cancer cells are overexpressed compared to normal lung cells.
A NYU nursing-dental research team will assess the feasibility of using gingival crevicular blood to gauge hemoglobin A1C levels as a means of diagnosing diabetes and identifying pre-diabetes. The study aims to determine if there is a correlation between A1C finger-stick and oral blood samples.
Researchers have successfully performed energy-state occupancy readouts of artificial atoms using common computer interfaces, enabling the creation of quantum mechanical charge carriers. This breakthrough brings the technology one step closer to practical applications.
A new asthma management program for preschoolers, developed by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health, has shown dramatic results in reducing emergency room visits and hospitalizations. The program, which includes educational activities for parents and children, as well as training for healthcare providers, has led to a ...
Researchers identified heparin as the underlying mechanism that initiates the production of bradykinin, contributing to swelling, anaphylactic, and inflammatory symptoms associated with aberrant mast cell activity. This discovery provides a new strategy for treating allergic diseases by blocking bradykinin or factor XII activity.
Scientists have unraveled the environmental changes in the Arctic during an ancient bout of natural global warming. The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) led to a 15-metre succession of sediment representing a 170,000-year event, with sea level peaking about 13,000 years into the period.
Researchers found alpha cells can harm beta cells through glutamate toxicity, leading to diabetes. A protective protein called GLT1 helps regulate glutamate levels and may offer a new diagnostic test or therapeutic target.
Researchers identified AEG-1 as a strong predictor of progression-free survival in patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer treated with erlotinib. Patients with low AEG-1 expression had longer progression-free survival compared to those with high expression.
Patients presenting to emergency departments with adverse drug events have a 50% greater risk of spending additional days in hospital and a 20% higher rate of outpatient health care needs. The research team estimates that the added cost is $49 million annually.
A new study by Rice University researchers reveals that overfertilizing corn crops for ethanol production can lead to decreased cellulose content in plant residues, making it more difficult to extract ethanol. The study suggests using less fertilizer can improve feedstock quality and alleviate environmental damage.
Researchers discovered that people who are motivated to be dominant gaze longer at angry faces and shorter at happy faces. The study suggests that engaging in gaze contests is an automatic response for those with a dominance motive.