A study published in Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine found that media characters on cereal packaging affect children's taste assessment. Children who saw a popular character liked the cereal more than those without, and those with a 'healthy' name but no character reported less satisfaction.
A study at Brookhaven National Laboratory found that genetic factors and the length of time someone abuses drugs can impact brain structure, particularly in areas related to decision-making and learning. This research has implications for treatment strategies and suggests that curtailed drug use may be protective against brain changes.
Researchers at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center successfully implanted laboratory-grown urethras in five boys, showing functional results throughout a six-year follow-up period. The engineered tissue replaced damaged segments of the urinary tube, providing an alternative to traditional tissue grafts with high failure rates.
A recent study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology has revealed that pemetrexed, an established chemotherapy drug, can produce significant responses in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment was found to be effective in over half of these patients, offering n...
The study found that eating disorders were common among US adolescents, with high prevalence rates of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. The researchers also discovered a strong association between eating disorders and social impairment, as well as increased risk of suicidality.
Researchers have developed a molecular switch that enables efficient activation of dendritic cells, a crucial step in cancer vaccine development. By combining MyD88 and CD40 signaling pathways, the switch synergistically activates dendritic cells to enhance antitumor efficacy.
A Chinese study found that individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 24-25.9 had the lowest risk of death. This contradicts the current definitions of overweight and obesity in white populations, where BMI 22.5-24.9 is considered the lowest risk range.
Researchers from Scripps Research and MIT have discovered a class of extremely potent anti-cancer and anti-neurodegenerative disorder compounds. These compounds, including ABL127, were found using high-throughput screening and innovative testing techniques, and show promise for treating cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers have found that stem cells derived from umbilical cord blood cells and menstrual blood may offer therapeutic benefits for disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These cells can differentiate into various types of cells and have anti-inflammatory properties.
A survey of over 2,000 US and 1,000 UK doctors found that one in five have experienced incompetent colleagues and nearly three-quarters have sounded the alarm. However, many doctors fear retribution for reporting poor performance.
A new study found that larger body size and earlier seasonal timing confer significant survival advantages in most plants and animals. This 'bigger is better' model of evolution is more common than the rare 'Goldilocks' model, where individuals with moderate traits tend to outperform those that are too small or too large.
A recent study by Purdue University researchers used genetic methods to count endangered eagles, revealing significantly higher populations than visual counts. The technique identified individual DNA fingerprints for each bird, leading to more accurate estimates of population sizes.
Starting rehabilitation within 24 hours of knee arthroplasty surgery can significantly improve pain management, range of motion, and muscle strength. This early intervention also leads to shorter hospital stays, fewer complications, and reduced risk of secondary infections, making it a potential game-changer for patients and hospitals.
The new instrument, developed at UCSB, can detect nanoparticles in fluid at rates of up to half a million particles per second. It measures the volume of each nanoparticle for rapid and precise size analysis of complex mixtures.
The phase 3 trial shows that zalutumumab treatment is associated with a long-term benefit in progression-free survival, with a 20% PFS rate at 6 months compared to 7.3% in the best supportive care group. However, overall survival was not significantly increased.
Researchers have developed new rectal-specific lubricants that can help protect against HIV and other STIs when used with condoms. These lubricants, which combine microbicidal properties with condom use, are currently being tested in clinical trials.
A new, multifunctional catheter developed by Northwestern University and the University of Illinois can perform all necessary medical devices for cardiac ablation therapy in one minimally invasive procedure. The device combines diagnostic and treatment capabilities, improving clinical arrhythmia therapy by reducing steps and costs.
A Brown University study uncovers a novel protective effect of the molecule putrescine on brain activity after epileptic seizures. Putrescine converts into GABA, calming brain activity and increasing resistance to subsequent seizures.
The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) has launched the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx), a user-friendly platform for searching and sharing global health data. The GHDx contains over 1,000 datasets, including surveys, censuses, administrative data, and hospital data, making high-quality metadata freely available.
Scientists have identified NOTCH2 as the causative gene for Hajdu-Cheney syndrome, a rare disorder characterized by progressive bone loss and osteoporosis. The study provides vital insight into possible causes of osteoporosis and highlights the gene as a potential target for treating the condition.
Researchers have discovered a key role for motor protein myo1c in the development of cochlear hearing loss. The mutant protein's reduced sensitivity to mechanical loads and lower duty ratio contribute to its failure to function properly.
Research at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev found that elderly drivers are less likely to detect pedestrians on sidewalks and react in time. They attempt to cope with hazards by reducing speed, but may still be vulnerable to accidents. The study's findings highlight the need for increased awareness among elderly drivers.
A large-scale study led by the University of Leicester has discovered 13 new genes that increase the risk of heart attacks. The research, known as CARDIoGRAM, involved over 140,000 participants and 167 clinicians from around the world.
A new diagnostic test called PluriTest enables researchers to determine the quality of pluripotent stem cell lines with remarkable sensitivity and specificity. The test uses a detailed molecular model of normal pluripotent cells to identify genomic aberrations, alerting scientists to perform additional analysis.
Researchers found that cytoskeletal components regulate CD36 protein movement on the cell surface, promoting receptor clustering. This study may lead to a better understanding of receptor organization and its impact on cell signaling, which could aid in the development of new drugs.
Scientists have identified a distinct group of effector regulatory T cells responsible for suppressing immune responses. The discovery has significant repercussions for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, organ transplantation, and cancer, as well as how the efficacy of newly developed drugs is measured.
A large-scale international study has identified 13 new gene regions that predispose people to heart attacks, doubling the number of known genetic factors. The study's findings suggest that genetic profiling may become a routine part of clinical care in the near future.
Researchers at the National Institute for Materials Science found that immersion in heated alcoholic beverages increased superconducting ability of iron-based compounds. Red wine was shown to induce best properties, suggesting another component may be key.
Researchers discovered 13 novel genetic variants linked to coronary artery disease, including seven related to LDL cholesterol and hypertension. The findings shed light on previously unknown mechanisms increasing heart disease risk.
A massive study has identified 13 new genes linked to coronary artery disease, with most operating through unknown mechanisms. The discovery opens up new avenues for therapies and highlights the complexities of heart disease.
The Society of Surgical Oncology is presenting the James Ewing Layman's Award to Kimberly Duchossois for her leadership and vision in improving cancer care. Her family's dedication began after her mother died from cancer, leading them to create and endow the American Cancer Society Patient Navigation Services.
Researchers at Northwestern University have successfully reprogrammed human embryonic stem cells to produce critical neurons lost in Alzheimer's disease. This breakthrough allows for rapid drug testing and the possibility of transplanting these new neurons into people with Alzheimer's, which could help preserve memory function.
Dr. Chin-Teh Sun has made significant contributions to the fundamental understanding of impact damage and composite structure failure. He is being honored with the AIAA Chichlow Prize for his groundbreaking research on damage-tolerant design in aerospace materials.
A study by Mayo Clinic and TGen found that patients are willing to undergo many tests for advanced experimental treatment in clinical trials. Patients were most willing to undergo non-invasive tests such as urine, blood, and imaging studies, but less willing to undergo invasive procedures like skin biopsies and MRIs.
Researchers developed a new system, RTerg, that can identify tsunami earthquakes in real-time, giving local residents minutes to evacuate. The system uses algorithmic tools to analyze seismic data and sends alerts to warning centers, potentially saving lives.
A comprehensive review of electrochemical energy storage systems reveals promising technologies like vanadium redox flow, sodium-beta alumina membrane, lithium-ion, and lead-carbon batteries. These systems can store electrical energy in chemicals and release it upon demand, but affordability is key to widespread deployment.
A University of Iowa study suggests that people who feel depressed report experiencing a higher number of past symptoms, while those who feel anxious report more symptoms in the present moment. The study highlights the importance of considering mood when making diagnosis and treatment decisions.
New research from Psychological Science shows that attentional task sets modulate subliminal semantic and visuomotor processes differently. High-capacity individuals recover more quickly from distractions than low-capacity individuals.
The new microscope allows researchers to study the dynamic inner lives of living cells without damaging them. It uses a combination of structured illumination and two-photon microscopy to create high-resolution, three-dimensional images of cellular landmarks.
A recent study at Michigan State University found that individuals with a strong sense of racial identity tend to be happier in life. The research suggests that this connection is particularly pronounced for women, who experience increased happiness due to a stronger sense of belongingness within their racial group.
A study funded by a $700,000 grant from the National Trauma Institute aims to improve blood-clot prevention medication dosing for critically ill or obese trauma patients. TEG technology will be used to guide physicians in determining the optimal dose of Lovenox.
A study by McMaster University found that people use voice pitch as a warning sign of future betrayal. Women are drawn to men with lower pitches, while men are attracted to women with higher pitches. This evolutionary mechanism helps protect individuals from infidelity and its associated costs.
A study of 143 overweight adolescents found those with risk factors like insulin resistance and low HDL cholesterol have less bone mass than their peers. The study suggests that increasing vigorous physical activity can help improve bone mass and reduce the risk of diabetes and heart disease.
The study found that over one-third of genes affected by TDP-43 are involved in the central nervous system. The protein also affects alternative splicing of many genes, including its own RNA message. This loss of regulation leads to more TDP-43 accumulation and neuron damage.
Researchers developed a protective substrate to observe polymer deformation, revealing creasing-to-cratering phenomenon under increased voltage. This breakthrough could lead to improved durability and efficiency of polymers in electrical applications.
A new study published in Clinical Obesity reveals that bariatric surgery can result in significant weight loss in severely obese adolescents. The existing evidence suggests that bariatric surgery in older children results in significant weight loss and improvements in comorbidities and quality of life.
Postmenopausal breast cancer survivors are more likely to fall than their peers, according to a new study in the Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. The research suggests that balance disturbances caused by treatment may contribute to falls in these patients.
Gyorgy Buzsaki and two Hungarian scientists receive the Brain Prize for their work on neuronal circuits in the cerebral cortex. Their research has contributed to a better understanding of clinical conditions such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, anxiety, and dementia.
Researchers have successfully imaged the three-dimensional structure of Salmonella's needle complex with unprecedented precision, shedding light on its deadly mechanism. By combining high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy and advanced imaging software, the team was able to generate a single sharp image from thousands of blurred ones.
A UK study found that people with higher levels of education and married individuals report better sleep quality. Additionally, job satisfaction plays a significant role in determining the quality of sleep, with those who are least satisfied reporting shorter sleep periods. The study also highlights the impact of work-related pressures...
The U-Pace program has been shown to increase student performance and close the achievement gap, with minority and low-income students performing better in online courses than in traditionally taught classes. The upcoming study will investigate the program's effectiveness across three disciplines over four years.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have identified a novel mechanism for controlling gene expression, which is evolutionarily conserved in humans. This process, called transcriptional attenuation, involves the blocking of premature termination complexes to allow genes to be expressed under certain stress conditions.
A WSU study aims to uncover the role of RNAi in X chromosome recognition, which could improve our understanding of gene regulation in humans and lead to new medical interventions for diseases like cancer and developmental abnormalities.
Researchers suggest that transcriptional mutagenesis, a process where damaged DNA leads to mutant proteins, could contribute to tumor growth. The study highlights the importance of understanding this process to develop new cancer treatments.
A new study will investigate 'ependymoma', a rare brain tumour type with low survival rates. The research aims to develop drugs called 'histone deacetylase inhibitors' to re-activate natural defence mechanisms against brain cancer.
Researchers used satellite data to observe and monitor ice-edge blooms across the whole Arctic region. They found that ice-edge blooms occurred in all seasonally ice-covered areas and from spring to late summer.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have developed a gene therapy that clears toxic proteins from brain cells, preventing plaque formation and neuronal death. The treatment, which is given just once, has been shown to reduce amyloid beta plaque by 75% in mice.
A study found that adding family-assisted exercise therapy to routine physical therapy after stroke significantly improved motor function, balance, distance walked, and daily living activities. Family members also experienced reduced stress and increased empowerment.
A Virginia Tech researcher is working on a new device that uses electrical stimulation to help stroke patients regain their voice. The device, which is still in development, aims to improve the quality of life for patients with vocal paralysis and other neuromuscular disabilities.
A worldwide problem, zinc deficiency can cause health issues; proper denture care and regular dental check-ups are essential for safe use of zinc-based adhesives.