A new study finds that global crop yields are increasing at a slower rate than needed to meet projected demands in 2050. The top three countries producing rice and wheat have low yield growth rates, highlighting the need for targeted investments to increase production.
Scientists found that Martian meteorites and surface rocks have similar origins in the planet's deep interior, but surface rocks came from a more oxygen-rich environment. The researchers believe this was caused by recycling of oxygen-rich materials into the interior through subduction.
A new study found that college hooking up is influenced by pre-college hookups, personality traits, and substance use patterns, particularly marijuana use. The research suggests early hookup experiences may shape future behavior.
The UNEX Herbarium has synthesized a comprehensive dataset of 36451 specimens, covering regions including Spain, Portugal, Africa, and Brazil. The dataset is now accessible through the GBIF portal, providing valuable information for researchers and students.
Researchers in the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS) investigate how chemical reactions between human-related pollution and plant-emitted VOCs affect air quality in the U.S. Southeast. The project aims to uncover the controlling processes of biosphere-atmosphere interactions, which can impact regional climate and air chemistry.
A new study by University of Miami researcher Justin Stoler examines the demographics of sachet water usage in Ghana's capital Accra, revealing how poverty and environmental concerns impact urban water security. The research highlights the unintended social and environmental consequences of widespread sachet water use.
A new study led by Ohio State University researchers found that parents who see their children as part of themselves are more likely to want their children to succeed in achieving their own failed dreams. The study suggests that these parents may be transferring their own broken dreams onto their children.
Lexing Ying, a professor of mathematics at Stanford University, will receive the SIAM's James H. Wilkinson Prize for his outstanding contributions to numerical analysis and scientific computing. His research focuses on designing fast and accurate algorithms for fundamental problems in scientific computing.
Dr. Tyrone Duncan will receive the W. T. and Idalia Reid Prize for his fundamental contributions to nonlinear filtering, stochastic control, and probability geometry. The prize recognizes his work in differential geometry, probability, stochastic control, and statistics.
Coral reefs are more vulnerable to disruption and erosion due to ocean acidification, which reduces the density of coral skeletons. The study found that corals cannot fully acclimate to low pH conditions in nature.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new three-dimensional microfluidic device that can customize channel shapes to mimic natural conditions. The technology has potential applications in water and food safety, as well as biological terrorism detection.
Researchers analyzed data from two large clinical trials to investigate the impact of high-dose statins on kidney function. The findings suggest that higher-strength statins do not increase the risk of hospitalizations with kidney injury when compared to low-dose statins.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute found a way for intrinsically disordered proteins to modulate their functionality. They used single-molecule FRET technique to study the dynamics of an adenovirus protein and discovered that it can employ allostery to regulate its interactions with other proteins.
The 'epidemic' of sleep apnea in surgical patients poses significant financial burdens on hospitals due to the lack of evidence-based guidelines. A new study suggests that regional anesthesia can reduce major complications by 17% in patients with sleep apnea undergoing joint surgery.
A nationwide study estimates over 1,500 pedestrians were treated in emergency rooms for injuries related to cell phone use while walking in 2010. Young people aged 16-25 were most likely to be injured as distracted pedestrians, with talking on the phone accounting for 69% of injuries.
Consumers tend to prefer products organized by benefits rather than features, as it leads to lower prices and perceived similarity. This can result in consumers sacrificing quality for price, but also makes it harder to notice differences between products.
Physicians at UH Case Medical Center are enrolling patients in the ROADSTER Study, a global clinical trial testing the Silk Road System, a minimally invasive procedure to clear carotid artery blockages. The trial aims to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of this innovative treatment option for high-risk patients.
A recent study by UCSB researchers found that parasites add layers of complexity and density to food webs. Their complex life cycles and interactions with hosts also make them a crucial part of the food web ecosystem.
Researchers have documented a new mixed language, Light Warlpiri, generated from a combination of elements from three languages. This innovative language features verb and noun structures not found in the source languages, showcasing the creative potential of human language formation.
Researchers found a striking resemblance between white matter brain abnormalities in concussion patients and those seen in early Alzheimer's dementia. The study suggests that the true problem facing concussion patients may be their brain's response to injury, rather than the injury itself.
A recent study by Oregon State University researchers suggests that small hydropower projects supported by the Kyoto Protocol can have significant losses of habitat and biodiversity. The cumulative damage caused by small dams is worse than their larger counterparts in certain environmental impacts.
A creative storytelling program called TimeSlips helps medical students see people with dementia as fully-fledged individuals, rather than just diagnoses. The program, which encourages participants to use their imagination and share stories in poem form, leads to significant improvements in student attitudes towards dementia patients.
A recent study published in the International Journal of Obesity highlights the critical role of parenting style and home environment in shaping children's physical activity levels and dietary habits. The researchers found that a healthy home environment and parental role modeling are essential for promoting healthy behaviors in kids, ...
Researchers found that urban-born blackbirds waited longer to approach new objects and tended to avoid unfamiliar ones compared to their rural counterparts. This suggests that urbanization may have an underlying evolutionary impact on the development of distinct personalities in birds.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed a low-cost fiber-optic pen that tracks brain activity in real-time while children with learning disabilities read and write. The device, which costs less than $100, allows scientists to study the neural connections involved in writing and reading.
A study found that MRI screening at the injection site can detect fungal spinal and paraspinal infections earlier, allowing for timely medical and surgical treatment. The researchers recommend obtaining contrast-enhanced MRI of the injection site in patients with persistent back pain.
Researchers developed a new risk assessment scoring system that better identifies high-risk adults, especially African Americans, for developing type 2 diabetes and heart disease. The scoring system considers sex and racial-ethnic differences, leading to earlier prevention and treatment.
A team of researchers at the University of New South Wales has proposed a new way to distinguish between quantum bits placed only a few nanometres apart, resolving two key technical challenges. The method involves using individual phosphorus atoms in silicon chips, allowing for precise control and operation of qubits.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes discovered how one protein regulates fundamental circadian processes and maintains metabolic health, shedding light on the molecular basis for metabolic health and disease. The study found that p75NTR production oscillates in time with the body's natural circadian clock.
Researchers detected a new virus, CyCV-VN, in 4% of patients with central nervous system infections and up to 58% of farm animal fecal samples, raising concerns about animal-to-human transmission
A novel clinical trial is evaluating the use of patient-derived stem cells to improve blood flow and prevent major amputations in patients with severe peripheral arterial disease. The trial aims to reduce mortality rates associated with limb loss, which affects over 160,000 people annually.
Researchers have identified a new virus, CyCV-VN, in patients with severe brain infections in Vietnam. The virus was found in 28 out of 644 patients, but not in those with non-infectious brain disorders. Further research is needed to determine its role in causing the symptoms.
A study by LA BioMed found that men who get more sleep on the weekend can improve their insulin sensitivity, reducing their risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The research, conducted over six months, involved 19 non-diabetic men who slept an average of 6.2 hours per night during the week and caught up on sleep on weekends.
Researchers propose a new framework for evaluating surgical procedures and implantable devices using clinical trials, observational databases, and registries. The framework aims to address the current lack of evidence-based research in surgery and device fields, where innovative techniques need to be evaluated.
A study found that state healthcare price websites have room for improvement to better inform patients about out-of-pocket costs. The researchers recommend focusing on predictable services with deductibles and presenting quality information alongside prices.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that twice weekly iron supplementation is equally effective to daily supplementation in improving birth weight and infant growth outcomes. In contrast, it showed improved cognitive development in infants aged six months and higher adherence rates among pregnant women.
A team of scientists at Harvard University and the University of Illinois successfully printed tiny lithium-ion microbatteries using 3D printing technology. The batteries have comparable electrochemical performance to commercial batteries but are much smaller in scale.
The NOAA is predicting a record-setting deadzone in the Gulf of Mexico, spanning between 7,286 and 8,561 square miles. This would be among the largest ever recorded, potentially affecting commercially important fisheries and the regional economy.
Researchers at the University of Alaska Fairbanks have discovered a novel biomarker that can accurately measure long-term sugar intake from a single blood or hair sample. This breakthrough tool is distinct in corn and sugar cane, which are sources of nearly all sugars found in sugar-sweetened beverages.
A randomized trial found that the MMR booster vaccination did not worsen disease activity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The researchers also observed higher antibody concentrations and seroprotection rates after vaccination.
A study of nearly 60,000 patients with acute ischemic stroke found that faster thrombolytic treatment was associated with lower mortality and improved walking ability at discharge. The study suggests accelerating patient presentation and streamlining healthcare systems to reduce treatment times can improve outcomes.
Researchers link climate changes to bursts of technological innovation and population growth in sub-Saharan Africa. The study suggests that sudden climate shifts led to the emergence of modern human culture, symbol expression, and agriculture.
A recent study published in the Journal of Consumer Research found that consumers who receive unearned preferential treatment, such as free samples or upgrades, are less satisfied than those who do not. The authors suggest that companies should consider reaching consumers privately when giving away rewards to avoid social discomfort.
Researchers at the University of Calgary found that platelets actively search for specific bacteria and seal them off from the body, reducing the risk of infection. This mechanism is crucial in combating harmful bacteria like MRSA, which can lead to serious conditions.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that individuals' beliefs about the primary cause of obesity predict their actual body mass index (BMI) and eating habits. The researchers discovered that those who attribute obesity to a lack of exercise tend to eat more, whereas those who link it to diet consume less.
Researchers are working to replace expensive platinum catalysts with non-precious materials, reducing the cost of fuel cells and making them more viable for mass production. The goal is to eliminate platinum completely, which would significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on oil.
A recent Michigan Medicine study found that most state websites offering health care prices rarely provide information relevant or usable for consumers. The study analyzed 62 public websites and found that most only reported billed charges, not actual patient costs, with limited focus on outpatient services.
Researchers found that men with haplogroup I have lower numbers of copies of two important genes in macrophages, which may contribute to increased risk of coronary artery disease. The study used a sample of around 2,000 men from four European populations and aimed to decipher the genetic background behind the association.
A new study by the University of East Anglia reveals that pay-to-delay deals can lead to significantly higher prices for generic versions of drugs, harming consumer welfare and health services. The research suggests that moves to investigate and ban such agreements are justified due to anti-competitive practices.
A systematic review and meta-analysis published in The Lancet found that the world's poorest children are twice as likely to contract malaria as their better-off counterparts. Investing in socioeconomic development, such as improved education and nutrition, is crucial to controlling and eliminating malaria.
A new study confirms that the body generates hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a signaling molecule for cardiovascular health. The researchers developed a chemical probe that reacts with H2S and allows them to visualize its presence in live human cells.
Researchers at Brandeis University have developed a sophisticated computational model that helps scientists understand how viruses spread by analyzing genomic data, virus structure, and capsid formation. The team's tool predicts key structural features of the virus genome and controls capsid assembly.
Researchers found that a combination of two proteins, S100B and apoA-1, helps most accurately classify head injuries. This study provides significant evidence for the potential use of blood tests in diagnosing mild traumatic brain injury.
A study found that seating arrangements impact consumers' responses to persuasive messages, with circular arrangements favoring belonging-based messaging and angular arrangements favoring uniqueness-based messaging. This knowledge can inform various settings, such as restaurants and public transit.
Six new papers in Geosphere explore the geology of North America, focusing on the Colorado River sediment budget and its link to uplift and erosion. The papers also examine the magmatism, ash-flow tuffs, and calderas of the western Nevada volcanic field, shedding light on ignimbrite chronology and caldera formation.
A new study from Harvard School of Public Health found that women exposed to high levels of air pollution while pregnant were up to twice as likely to have a child with autism. The study examined data from over 116,000 nurses and found associations between air pollution and autism risk in children.
Researchers at UT Dallas discovered that lung cancer cells consume more oxygen and synthesize a critical chemical called heme, which can be exploited to inhibit cancer growth. Inhibiting heme synthesis affects lung cancer cells' ability to proliferate and migrate.
A new study found that the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) is more accurate than administrative data for tracking 30-day hospital readmissions. The study analyzed colorectal surgical patients and found that 30% of readmissions could be prevented with accurate tracking, potentially ...
The University of Southern Denmark has established a new Center for Bioanalytical Sciences with funding from the VILLUM Foundation. The center will support interdisciplinary biological research using advanced equipment and computational platforms.
A new social media initiative helped boost organ donor registration rates in the US, with a 21.1-fold increase on the first day of the campaign. The study suggests that social media can be an effective tool for tackling public health problems related to communication and education.