The childhood disability rate has increased by 16 percent over the past decade, with a significant spike in neurodevelopmental disabilities among children. Meanwhile, physical health-related disabilities have decreased, particularly among children under six years old.
A recent NIH study found that adding omega-3 fatty acids and lutein/zeaxanthin to a combination of nutritional supplements does not improve protection against age-related macular degeneration. However, removing beta-carotene from the supplement formulation may help reduce risk, according to researchers.
A large multicenter trial showed that adding lutein and zeaxanthin, omega-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA to an antioxidant vitamins formulation did not reduce the risk of progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration. No significant effects were observed on vision loss development either.
New research predicts boreal forests will shift north, releasing more trapped carbon than current climate models predict. The approach considers random events like fire and drought that impact forest health, providing a more accurate forecast.
Research from the American Academy of Pediatrics reveals that college students who use both tobacco and marijuana smoke more cigarettes per month than users of tobacco only. The study also found that concurrent marijuana and tobacco use is associated with increased risk of smoking more tobacco.
A recent study published by the American Academy of Pediatrics found that magnesium intake and absorption are significantly associated with bone density in children. Unlike dietary calcium, which was not significantly linked to bone mineral content or density.
A handheld diagnostic device uses microfluidic technology with nuclear magnetic resonance to diagnose TB and other bacterial infections in under 3 hours, improving on standard culturing practice. The device also detects antibiotic-resistant strains and has potential applications in resource-limited settings.
Stem cells use a process called nonrandom chromosome segregation to divide into different cell types, suggesting that distinct genetic information on the chromosome copies may underlie this diversification. The study used fruit fly stem cells to demonstrate this ability and sheds light on how cells develop into complex organisms.
A research team from the University of Michigan has developed a new class of thermoelectric materials made with organic semiconductors that can convert waste heat into electricity more efficiently. The material, PEDOT:PSS, achieves a figure-of-merit of 0.42, nearly doubling the efficiency of existing organic semiconductors.
Cancer chemotherapy can cause peripheral neuropathy and delay recovery after bone marrow transplantation. Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine discovered that nerve damage in the bone marrow also causes anemia by impairing hematopoietic stem cell regeneration.
A new study projects a significant increase in tropical cyclones affecting Hawaii, with conditions becoming more favorable for hurricane formation due to global warming. The study suggests that despite potential decreases in tropical cyclones globally, Hawaii may experience a rise in near-shore storms.
Researchers discovered that organic compounds from pollution and forest emissions can increase cloud droplets, making clouds brighter and affecting climate. This effect is significant enough to counteract the uncertainty in pollution's impact on clouds.
A study found that female high school athletes were less likely to engage in physical fights and carry weapons compared to non-athletes. However, athletic participation did not have a significant impact on bullying or violence among male students.
A study by the American Academy of Pediatrics found that cyberbullying is prevalent among high school students, with 16.2% reporting electronic bullying in the past year. Girls and whites are disproportionately affected, highlighting the need for targeted awareness and prevention strategies.
Researchers at UCSF controlled seizures in epileptic mice with a one-time transplantation of MGE cells, which inhibit signaling in overactive nerve circuits. The treatment showed promising results, eliminating seizures in half of the treated mice and reducing spontaneous seizures in the rest.
A study using genome sequencing technology revealed that pneumococcal bacteria population shifted from targeted vaccine strains to rare, pre-existing types, explaining the vaccine's effectiveness. This breakthrough enables real-time surveillance of bacterial populations, improving understanding of vaccination effectiveness and future d...
Researchers have discovered that breast cancer patients with dense breasts are more likely to develop aggressive tumors. A protein called DDR2 plays a key role in this process, facilitating the spread of cancer cells by activating a multistep pathway.
A new cost-effective genome assembly process has been developed by a collaboration between DOE/JGI, Pacific Biosciences, and the University of Washington. The HGAP method produces final assemblies with >99.999% accuracy using single molecule real-time DNA sequencing, eliminating the need for circular consensus sequencing.
A recent study found that nearly 43% of high school students admit to texting while driving, with higher prevalence among males and older teens. The American Academy of Pediatrics warns that this behavior significantly increases the risk of accidents, making it more dangerous than driving under the influence.
A study by a Mount Sinai researcher found that toxic waste sites with high levels of lead and chromium cause a significant number of 'healthy years of life lost' among individuals living near the sites. The study calculated 828,722 lost years of full health due to disease, disability, or early death.
The American Academy of Pediatrics is calling for a national agenda to address the issue of childhood poverty, which affects 22% of US children. Childhood poverty has severe consequences on child health, including increased infant mortality, chronic diseases, and poor nutrition.
A new study maps the most detailed forecast to date for importing potentially harmful invasive species with cargo ships' ballast water. The research reveals hotspots of bioinvasion, including large Asian ports and US ports like New York and Long Beach.
Researchers found that PRRT decreases inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques, as measured by DOTATATE PET/CT, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for cardiovascular disease. The study suggests that this treatment may reduce the occurrence of heart attacks by lowering inflammation levels.
A symposium at a pediatric meeting will address how to protect youths from violence, with speakers discussing screen violence and aggression, violent media, guns and suicide, and community efforts to prevent gun violence. The event aims to translate research findings into actionable public health strategies.
A significant decrease in mortality rates was observed among children initially treated with dialysis for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in the US, according to a study published in JAMA. The study found that all-cause mortality risk decreased progressively over time, with no age-specific differences.
A recent study by pediatricians from the Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York found that over 90% of medical specialists who diagnose and manage ADHD in preschoolers do not follow treatment guidelines. The study suggests that many specialists are recommending medication as part of their initial treatment plan, despite guidelines...
A recent study published by the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests that toothbrushes are not a common source of Group A Streptococcus (GAS) bacteria, which causes strep throat. The research found that even after being used by children with strep throat, toothbrushes did not consistently harbor GAS bacteria.
Two new studies from Henry Ford Hospital found that hematuria, or blood in the urine, contributes significantly to emergency room costs. Imaging procedures for hematuria result in an estimated $75 million annual increase in ED charges.
A new study reveals that preschool children living in 'walkable' neighborhoods are less likely to be obese. The research highlights the importance of urban planning and neighborhood design in preventing childhood obesity.
A new stress test protocol investigating reduced perfusion imaging in low-risk patients undergoing SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging has been found to be diagnostically safe. The study predicted that using exercise ECG stress testing alone would have no adverse effects on prognosis at five years.
Babies born to mothers who took vitamin C during pregnancy had less wheezing in the first year of life compared to those who received a placebo. Vitamin C supplementation improved lung function at birth and reduced episodes of wheezing through one year of age.
A new study found no increased risk of abnormal heart rhythms or death in patients taking daily doses of citalopram above 40mg, contradicting the FDA's warning. Higher dosages were associated with fewer adverse outcomes than lower dosages.
Scientists have identified a human gene, ITGA5, that becomes more active after sleep deprivation, offering a potential new marker for detecting sleep loss. The discovery was made through cross-translational research with fruit flies, which allowed the researchers to identify genes in humans and then test them in flies.
The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has observed the remains of a star that exploded as a supernova around 600 years ago. The wispy gas structure, known as SNR B0519-69.0, is located in the Large Magellanic Cloud and features a striking blood-red color.
A team of researchers has developed an innovative injectable nano-network that can effectively control blood sugar levels in diabetics by releasing insulin when needed, maintaining normal levels for over a week. The technology has the potential to improve the health and quality of life of diabetes patients.
Astronomers detected a record-breaking gamma-ray burst from a dying star in a distant galaxy, producing the highest-energy light ever recorded. The GRB, GRB 130427A, lasted for hours and was detectable by multiple telescopes on the ground and space-based observations.
A University of Texas at Arlington aerospace engineer is developing diagnostic and predictive tools to aid aircraft manufacturers in analyzing composite structures. The work integrates design and manufacturing processes to advance the performance of composite materials, improving safety, speed, and reliability.
Researchers identified five trajectories for patients with end-stage heart failure, providing a framework to predict the path to death and improve quality of life. The study's findings can help caregivers plan for the last months of life, enabling patients to gain control over their illness.
A NASA-led modeling study projects that global warming will lead to an increase in heavy rainfall and a decrease in moderate rainfall worldwide. The study suggests that regions around the equator, such as the Pacific Ocean and Asian monsoon areas, will experience significant increases in heavy precipitation.
Hundreds of deliberate fires were detected in Guerrero, Oaxaca, Michoacan, Colima, and Jalisco regions. The fires are managed by farmers to clear land and enhance crops, but also produce smoke degrading air quality.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a way to create liquid crystals from negatively charged carbon nanotubes, allowing for easier functionalization and potentially leading to stronger, more conductive fibers. This breakthrough could significantly improve the creation of macro materials out of microscopic nanotubes.
The 2012-2013 first place team in the NASA RealWorld-InWorld Engineering Design Challenge consists of five high school juniors and seniors who developed innovative engineering designs for the James Webb Space Telescope. The winning team will present their design concept to Dr. John Mather at a VIP event at NASA Goddard.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London used complex networks to map human brain connections, finding symmetrical neurons may drive synchronized activity across distant regions. This breakthrough adds to recent findings on neural network growth and development.
The Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine publishes quality research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on orthopaedic sports medicine topics. The first three published articles include studies on ACL reconstruction, running-related injuries, and knee kinematics.
Concordia University's NSERC Smart Net-zero Energy Buildings Strategic Network has received $1 million in new funding from Natural Resources Canada. This grant will support research and testing of progressive technologies to create net-zero energy homes and commercial buildings.
Researchers developed a new compound called PC-KUS that reduces hydrogen peroxide accumulation in the hair follicle, reversing gray hair. The treatment also works on vitiligo, a skin condition causing loss of pigment, with successful repigmentation outcomes observed.
A study with zoo baboons found that they can accurately discriminate between different quantities, relying on a cognitive approach known as the analog system. This ability is shared by humans and children who have not yet learned to count, suggesting a fundamental talent for making approximate quantity judgments.
Agricultural fires are a common occurrence in eastern Russia, particularly during the planting season. The Russian military uses specially equipped transport airplanes to put out over 90 fires, highlighting the need for monitoring and intervention.
Researchers found that preordering lunch led to healthier choices by up to 48%, as students opted for nutrient-dense options when full. The study suggests that electronic or paper-based systems can encourage health-conscious decisions at school lunches.
Researchers created a new mouse model to study the development of type 2 diabetes, using middle-aged mice fed fatty food until old age. The study confirmed that inflammation in pancreatic islets leads to the disease, while DPP-4 inhibitors maintain good insulin production and prevent inflammation.
Mexican-American adults born in the US are more likely to report physical limitations compared to immigrant counterparts. This disparity is attributed to various factors including acculturation levels and lifestyle changes over time.
A University of Iowa undergraduate student has discovered that Saturn's magnetosphere changes with the seasons, helping to clarify the planet's day length. The findings may alter our understanding of the Earth's magnetosphere and Van Allen radiation belts.
Researchers used computer simulations to investigate the energy landscape of ion channels, identifying a critical amino acid that regulates their function. The study provides new insights into ion channel mechanisms, which are essential for developing targeted therapies.
Researchers will showcase advancements in sound technology, including virtual acoustic environments, novel microphone designs, and innovative methods for monitoring oil spills. The event aims to bring together experts from physics, engineering, and medicine to share their latest discoveries.
Researchers have identified a new mechanism governing critical processes in sexual reproduction during meiosis. The discovery reveals that a step-2 enzyme is modified by SUMO proteins, altering its function and working together with an unaltered enzyme to form SUMO chains.
Utah biologist Çagan Şekercioğlu has won the prestigious Whitley Gold Award for conservation twice, including this year, for his work safeguarding bird-rich wetlands in northeast Turkey. He was awarded by Princess Anne at a ceremony in London.
Using regional anesthesia instead of general anesthesia decreases major complications in patients with sleep apnea undergoing total joint replacement. This study found that neuraxial anesthesia improves outcomes, reducing pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and infectious complications, as well as acute renal failure and hospital length of stay.
A new study from Carnegie Mellon University reveals that self-affirmation can protect against the negative effects of stress on problem-solving performance. Participants who underwent a brief self-affirmation exercise showed improved problem-solving abilities under time pressure, suggesting a potential strategy for boosting performance.
A novel high-throughput screening method has identified agents that can block EZH2 methyltransferase, a key enzyme in tumor development. This approach uses AlphaLisa technology to detect methylation and accelerates the identification of small molecule inhibitors for cancer treatment.
The 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami are the subject of a special issue in the Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. Researchers investigated the rupture process, seismic radiation, geodetic deformations, and tsunami waves. The study sheds light on the processes at work during giant earthquakes.