A six-year University of Illinois study found that continuous corn systems experience a yield reduction compared to corn rotated with soybean, known as the continuous corn yield penalty. The study identified N availability, corn stover accumulation, and unfavorable weather as primary causes of the penalty.
Current quality measures for outpatient settings neglect critical areas of high-quality care, including safety and effectiveness. Dr. Tara Bishop suggests revisiting quality measurement to include these neglected areas, which could improve patient care and safety.
The UK government's decision to promote abstinence for drug users is being challenged by experts who claim it prioritizes cost savings over scientific evidence. The 'recovery model' encourages patients to reduce and stop all addictive drugs, despite overwhelming evidence showing that maintenance therapy is more effective.
A new study published in Brain Connectivity found evidence of aberrant neural communication in toddlers with autism, indicating a disorder of connectivity. The researchers observed reduced brain connectivity and diminished capacity for neural communication in autistic children's brains.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute developed a cutting-edge technology to screen human blood for disease markers. The 'antigen surrogate' method accurately identified biomarkers for neuromyelitis optica, a rare autoimmune disorder, in a recent study published in Chemistry & Biology.
Astronomers at CU-Boulder used the Hubble Space Telescope to study a quasar's impact on early universe conditions. The team found that 'sideline quasars' likely teamed up with the bright quasar to heat helium gas, preventing small galaxy formation.
A recent study by GW researcher Mudit Tyagi explores the impact of cocaine on HIV replication and transmission in brain cells. Cocaine use has been linked to a more severe onset of NeuroAIDS, and researchers believe that gene expression of integrated HIV proviruses are influenced by this type of stimulation.
The Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) has released its first images of Earth, revealing stunning natural-color scenes and thermal infrared bands. The new data will aid in water management by detecting temperature differences across the land surface.
Researchers are calling on the federal government to ban food and beverage ads that target children, citing a rising obesity epidemic. The proposed ban would restrict marketing to approved public health campaigns promoting healthy eating.
Scientists at King's College London found that the middle ear cavity is formed by two different tissue types, one of which is less efficient at clearing debris and more susceptible to infection. This 'evolutionary glitch' may be the reason why some children are more prone to developing chronic ear problems like glue ear.
Researchers have developed a system that can automatically locate available space within a bandwidth, reducing dead spots in coverage. This technology has the potential to improve response time and provide better service for users, saving them time and money.
Researchers discovered that naproxen blocks the RNA binding groove of the nucleoprotein, preventing formation of the ribonucleoprotein complex. This finding suggests that naproxen could be an effective treatment against influenza A virus.
Researchers developed a new approach to predict how small legged robots move on and interact with complex granular materials like sand. The technique, called terradynamics, uses equations to describe and predict movement comparable to aerodynamics and hydrodynamics.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have found that the traditional thresholds for ESR and CRP may need to be refined to improve accuracy in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infections. The study analyzed 1,993 patients and revealed differences in inflammatory marker elevation between knees and hips.
Researchers have found that basin sediments recorded the formation process of the Dabie orogen, providing crucial information on subduction and rapid exhumation. The study suggests a gradual transition from shortening to extension during the Mesozoic era, with the depth of exhumation increasing eastwards.
A new study found that nearly all (98%) total knee replacement patients returned to work after surgery, with 89% able to return to their previous job. The study also showed significant improvements in physical activity levels among THR patients over a decade, with many resuming activities like biking and swimming.
The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics has released a report on incidental findings in clinical exome and genome sequencing. The report provides guidelines for laboratories to return incidental genetic findings to doctors ordering the tests, who will then manage the information with patients. This is expected to benefit ...
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have identified a new chemical class of compounds that can block genetically diverse viruses from replicating. These indoline alkaloid-type compounds effectively inhibited a number of viruses, including Ebola, by limiting RNA production in cell culture.
Research studies found that obesity is associated with longer hospital stays and higher related costs in total knee replacement patients, but not with an overall increase in complication risk. Patients with a BMI of 25-30kg/m2 had the lowest length of hospital stay and direct medical costs.
A new study from Boston University School of Medicine identified significant problems with laboratory test naming conventions, leading to increased medical costs and delayed diagnosis. Researchers propose using search engine-like technologies to guide clinicians towards the most appropriate tests, improving patient safety and outcomes.
A study found that patients with greater knowledge and motivation about transplantation are more likely to receive a living donor transplant. This suggests that improving patient education may help reduce disparities in transplantation outcomes.
A new paper at Brown University describes a program that has significantly improved recruiting and performance of underrepresented minority students in its life sciences doctoral programs over the last four years. The program's three-part strategy includes partnerships with undergraduate institutions, minicourses to build skills needed...
Dasatinib shows promise as a treatment for higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), but its efficacy is limited. Patients with trisomy 8 chromosomal disorder may respond better to the therapy, warranting further investigation.
Researchers at Dartmouth College have created a breakthrough device that can immediately detect secondhand tobacco smoke and even third-hand smoke. The sensor is small, light, and can be used in various settings to reduce the risk of health effects associated with environmental tobacco smoke.
Researchers at Brown University have made a breakthrough in making acrylate by combining carbon dioxide with ethylene, potentially leading to a cheaper and more sustainable way to produce the commodity chemical. The team discovered that Lewis acids can break open a five-membered ring, allowing for the formation of acrylate.
A new UK-based study published in The BMJ found that telehealth for patients with long-term conditions does not seem to be a cost-effective addition to standard support and treatment. Despite promises of reduced healthcare costs, the study revealed that total costs for those using telehealth were higher than usual care.
A new study found that individuals with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depression can make substantial lifestyle changes to improve their health and lose weight. The program, which included simple nutrition messages and regular exercise classes, resulted in significant weight loss compared to a control group.
The BMC Ecology Image Competition has announced its winners, featuring striking visual elements that depict specific ecological interactions. The overall winning image highlights the coevolution of a stick insect and its host, while the runner-up showcases a subalpine flower meadow in Colorado.
A new study ties gigantic volcanic eruptions to the abrupt disappearance of half of Earth's species 200 million years ago, potentially on a pace similar to human-influenced climate warming today. The eruptions caused sudden climate changes that may have prevented many creatures from adapting.
Researchers at ASU's Biodesign Institute have developed novel 2-D and 3-D DNA nanotechnology structures that push the boundaries of complex molecular designs. By re-engineering the Holliday junction, they created flexible geometries for building in three dimensions, enabling multilayered and curved objects.
Researchers successfully used TALENS to edit the mosquito genome, changing eye color and enabling a new approach to controlling disease transmission. This breakthrough technology holds promise for developing pathogen-resistant mosquitoes and blocking virus transmission by the mosquito.
The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) has released recommendations on handling incidental genetic findings in clinical genome and exome sequencing. The guidelines prioritize the disclosure of disorders with preventative measures, treatments, and well-recognized genetic mutations.
The Planck space mission has released its most accurate map of the oldest light in the universe, revealing a slower expansion rate and less dark energy. The new data also provide insights into dark matter and normal matter contents, challenging current models.
A new study presented at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons found that female-specific knee implants do not significantly improve clinical outcomes in total knee replacement patients. The study compared implant fit and clinical results with and without female components, revealing comparable pain scores and range of motion.
The Horizon Health web portal provides a valuable online resource for journalists and interested citizens, featuring accurate and up-to-date information on health research funded by the EU. The platform aims to improve communication on EU-funded health research projects, mainly towards the media and general public.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital found that restricting food intake to a lower-fat diet before surgery reduced the imbalance in fat tissue's chemical balance, leading to improved recovery outcomes. The study suggests that minimizing trauma during surgery can have a significant impact on fat tissue's response.
A new Cornell study finds that humans use simplifying rules to manage social information, recalling ties with kinship labels twice as well as those without. The research helps explain why humans can maintain vast social networks, unlike other primates.
The Planck observatory's first 15 months of data reveal that the universe is 100 million years older than previously thought, with more matter and less dark energy. Scientists used supercomputing at NERSC to create detailed maps of the relic radiation from the big bang.
UT Arlington professor Qilian Liang has developed an algorithmic system that simplifies data collection for radar systems, allowing for better performance with less data. The system uses co-prime and nested samplings to eliminate redundant data, resulting in faster decision-making and more efficient image formation.
The new Guidance emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis, citing high fracture rates and low treatment adherence. The report provides updated guidelines for assessing fracture risk, management algorithms, and nutritional recommendations to prevent fractures.
The study confirms common ancestry but divergence of the two species adapted to semi-arid conditions with drastic hydrological regime changes, emphasizing habitat protection measures for their genome integrity.
The Integrated Approaches to Food Allergen and Allergy Risk Management (iFAAM) project will develop a standardized management process for companies involved in food manufacturing. New risk models will predict who is likely to suffer severe reactions, while tools to measure allergens will support efficient labeling and monitoring.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation has awarded nearly $4 million in new NARSAD grants to 40 mid-career researchers pursuing innovative studies on depression, bipolar disorder, and other mental illnesses. The grants will focus on diagnostic tools, early intervention, new technologies, next-generation therapies, and basic research.
A study found that Spanish nurses with training in acute health problems of low complexity provided care of comparable quality to general practitioners. Nurses successfully solved 86.3% of cases, including burns and injuries, but struggled with low back pain and mild respiratory symptoms.
New research from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill suggests that genes are a primary factor influencing food neophobia, or aversion to trying new foods, in children. The study found that genetic factors explain 72 percent of the variation in children's tendency to avoid new foods.
Researchers have found that atrophy of the thalamus is a key predictor of clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) in patients. Thalamic atrophy can help identify patients at risk for developing MS, allowing clinicians to diagnose earlier and monitor disease progression.
A multi-center study found that PRP treatment improved pain scores and reduced elbow tenderness in 55.1% and 37.4% of patients at 12 weeks, respectively. At six months, 83.9% of patients reported significantly less pain and tenderness following PRP treatment.
A national survey of health professionals found that cancer drug shortages disrupt chemotherapy administration, increase costs, and add to the risk of adverse patient outcomes. The survey, conducted by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, reports that 98% of respondents experienced a shortage in the previous year.
The ASTRO white paper emphasizes the vital role of patient-specific peer review in improving patient safety and quality of care. The report details suggested targets for peer review throughout various areas within radiation therapy, prioritizing those most likely to impact patient outcomes.
Researchers developed a weight loss program that successfully helped participants with serious mental illnesses, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The program involved exercise classes and individual weight loss guidance, leading to significant weight loss and sustained results.
Research analyzed seven studies to determine energy drink impact on heart health. Consuming energy drinks was found to prolong the QT interval, increasing the risk of life-threatening arrhythmias. Systolic blood pressure also increased significantly in participants.
A study published at the American Heart Association's meeting found that consuming excessive sodium led to an estimated 2.3 million heart-related deaths globally in 2010. This represents a significant burden on public health, with 40% of these deaths occurring among men and 60% among women.
Researchers from RIKEN Advanced Science Institute have identified Siglec-14 as a protein involved in the exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients without this protein are less susceptible to exacerbation, suggesting potential new targets for treatment. The study's findings imply that personalized care base...
Researchers have developed antiviral drugs for other enteroviruses that cause the common cold. The new work obtained a near-atomic-scale resolution three-dimensional structure of enterovirus 71 binding with an inhibitor called WIN 51711. This study provides a structural basis for development of antienterovirus 71 capsid-binding drugs.
A new study published in BMC Public Health has found that homeless people have a disproportionately higher risk for traumatic brain injuries (TBI) compared to the general population. The study suggests that TBI may be a risk factor for homelessness and could contribute to the chronicity of homelessness.
Researchers investigated the effects of medical yoga on patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and found significant decreases in blood pressure and heart rate. In another study, acupressure was shown to reduce pulse rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with persistent AF.
A Mayo Clinic study found that men with dementia with Lewy bodies are five times more likely to have rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder, which can appear decades before a diagnosis. The study suggests that screening for this sleep disorder could improve diagnosis and treatment of dementia with Lewy bodies.
Researchers have identified the LY86 gene as a key contributor to obesity, finding high methylation levels associated with increased inflammation and insulin resistance. This association held up across various populations, suggesting a potential link between environmental factors and genetic expression.
Protein networks are essential for organisms, and their evolution is a fascinating research question. Researchers have reconstructed ancient protein networks, finding that present-day networks can be explained by the mechanism of duplication and divergence, supporting the interpretation of genome sequence data.
Researchers have demonstrated the strongest signal yet of the photonic spin Hall effect using metamaterials, enabling control over light propagation and manipulation of information encoded on polarization. The finding opens up possibilities for new technologies, including highly coveted 'flat lenses' and management of light polarizatio...