A new study by University of Toronto Professor Chris Kennedy and World Bank climate change specialist Lorraine Sugar shows that cities can make a positive difference in reducing GHG emissions. They propose realistic steps such as increasing bicycling infrastructure and encouraging electric cars to achieve a 70% reduction in emissions.
A study finds diclofenac is the most commonly used NSAID in 15 countries and is included on essential medicines lists of 74 low- to high-income countries. Despite its cardiovascular risks, researchers call for diclofenac to be removed from national lists and have its global marketing authorisations revoked.
Emerging cancer drugs targeting tumor cells may also stimulate osteoclasts to tear down bone, increasing the risk of tumor spread. Researchers recommend closely monitoring patients' bone health when taking these drugs.
A new fuzzy ontology-based system acts as a virtual moderator to bridge positions in negotiations. The system can be applied to everyday decisions and complex EU discussions.
The Journal of Geophysical Research Planets special edition features 35 LRO papers highlighting discoveries on ancient impacts, global structures, and subsurface hydrogen deposits.
European women are at risk of dying from lung cancer, which is expected to overtake breast cancer as the main cause of death. According to research, lung cancer deaths have increased by 7% since 2009, while breast cancer deaths have declined steadily.
Researchers have identified a novel abnormal protein, C9RANT, that builds up in the brains of patients with ALS and FTD due to genetic abnormalities. Detecting C9RANT in cerebrospinal fluid may provide a valuable diagnostic tool for these diseases.
Young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are less likely to receive healthcare transition services than those with other special needs. This can lead to gaps in care and increased dependence on the healthcare system.
A study by MIT researchers found that cross-training humans and robots significantly improves team performance, with a 71% increase in concurrent motion and a 41% decrease in human inactivity. The robots also showed lower uncertainty levels when working with their human teammates after cross-training.
Researchers found abnormal gene expression in fetuses of obese women, suggesting potential effects on brain development. The study suggests that maternal obesity may contribute to neurodevelopmental abnormalities in children.
A study by UC Davis researchers found that vascular brain injury, not amyloid plaques, has the greatest impact on cognitive domains. Vascular brain injury was associated with worse memory and executive function, while amyloid deposition had little to no effect.
A study suggests that reducing sodium intake by 40% could save 280,000 to 500,000 lives over 10 years. Gradual reductions in sodium consumption are projected to have substantial mortality benefits across the population.
Researchers found that African-American women with pre-pregnancy obesity and excess weight gain during pregnancy are more likely to have macrosomia, or newborns weighing over 4,000 grams. This increased risk is linked to energy accumulation by the fetus from increased maternal glucose concentrations and insulin resistance.
A recent study, published in Human Performance, draws on NBA player statistics to explore on-the-job adaptability. Researchers found that about 10% of players shift their focus over time, leading to improved retention rates.
Landsat 5 successfully operated for 28 years and 10 months, delivering high-quality global data of Earth's land surface. The satellite overcame numerous technical issues to achieve this record-breaking duration.
A new study reveals the US Supreme Court is slightly more diverse today than ever in history, with high diversity in professional background and racial origin. However, the Court lacks educational diversity, with all justices attending either Harvard or Yale Law Schools.
A study found that 40% of top-ranked and 36% of non-top-ranked hospitals struggled to provide a price estimate for total hip replacement, with costs ranging from $11,100 to $125,798. The researchers suggest consumers should ask for cost information and be persistent in obtaining it.
Public health experts at Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Policy and Research emphasize the need for evidence-based policies to prevent gun violence. Physicians are urged to engage in prevention efforts through strategies such as discussing guns with patients and advocating for change in Congress.
Research suggests that lead exposure in children can lead to irreversible damage, including learning disabilities, behavioral problems, and lowered intelligence. Public education is needed to address the ongoing problem of lead exposure and its devastating effects on young people.
Researchers at ICFO developed a technique to scan individual cells using artificial atoms, which can detect weak magnetic fields generated by biological molecules. This breakthrough enables non-invasive diagnosis and better understanding of intracellular processes.
A study found 149 unique antibiotic-resistant genes on Chinese commercial pig farms, with levels 192-28,000 times higher than controls. Daily exposure to antibiotics allows microbes carrying these genes to thrive, posing a potential global risk to human health.
Researchers at MIT have designed new synthetic biology circuits that combine memory and logic, enabling the creation of long-term environmental sensors and efficient controls for biomanufacturing. These circuits can be used to program stem cells to differentiate into other cell types and provide precise long-term memory.
The post-2015 development agenda should include measurable targets for NCD prevention and treatment. Experts argue that making NCDs central to the agenda is essential for achieving sustainable development and reducing disability and deaths globally.
A study found community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) strains are common in nursing homes, with 20 out of 22 facilities testing positive. CA-MRSA was more prevalent among residents under 65 and those from Hispanic backgrounds.
A long duration solar flare triggered an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection (CME), which left the sun at speeds of around 500 miles per second. This CME is likely to cause a geomagnetic storm when it connects with the outside of the Earth's magnetic envelope, potentially affecting auroras near the poles.
The Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging aims to provide a cutting-edge communication platform for professionals developing and utilizing imaging techniques in forensic analysis. Research published in the journal covers topics such as imaging technologies, education, and best practices in forensic radiology and imaging.
New research in American Heart Association journal Circulation reveals that high blood pressure during pregnancy may signal a higher risk of heart and kidney disease, as well as diabetes. Women who had high blood pressure during pregnancy were found to have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular diseases later in life.
The study reveals that a small number of alcohol brands dominate underage youth consumption, with Bud Light leading the pack. The top 25 brands accounted for nearly half of youth alcohol consumption, highlighting the need for industry action to reduce the appeal of their products to young drinkers.
Researchers at the University of Vienna have developed a novel way to manipulate massive particles using nanosecond long flashes of laser light, enabling precise measurements of small forces and fields. This breakthrough allows for the investigation of quantum wave nature in both single molecules and clusters of molecules.
Tropical Cyclone 15S formed from System 92S on Feb. 9 and intensified into a tropical storm on Feb. 11. The storm strengthened to hurricane force within two days, but is expected to weaken due to wind shear and cooler waters.
Experts recommend physicians engage in gun policy dialogue, leveraging their skills in managing fears and providing mental health treatment. They can influence Congress through collective advocacy and lead by example.
University of Illinois researchers have devised a method to make ferroelectric thin films with twice the strain, resulting in improved performance. The films have a built-in electric field, called an intrinsic potential, which opens the door for new applications such as smaller, faster and longer lasting computer components.
Researchers have discovered a photosensitive metal organic framework (MOF) that can absorb large amounts of carbon dioxide from coal power stations. The MOF can release stored CO2 when exposed to sunlight, making it a promising new tool for reducing emissions.
Researchers have identified two alarm pheromones and 17 compounds in the outer protective layer of bed bug skin, which may play an important role in aggregation behavior. These findings suggest that alarm pheromones could be used to increase the likelihood of bed bugs coming into contact with control agents.
A team of atmosphere chemists has created a method to analyze ancient sulfur isotopes in ice cores, allowing for precise determination of the impact of volcanic eruptions on global climate. This breakthrough resolves debates over historical episodes of cooling and provides new insights into past climate events.
Researchers found that progesterone shots do not reduce the risk of preterm delivery among women with twin pregnancies, contrary to previous findings. A study of 165 women with short cervixes found an increased rate of preterm delivery in the treatment group compared to the non-treatment group.
The European Association of Urology (EAU) is releasing a policy statement on live surgery ethics, prioritizing patient safety. The statement aims to establish uniform standards and monitor outcomes for EAU-approved live surgery events.
Researchers studied the origin of freshwater bodies in the New Jersey shelf and found it comes from modern rainwater, seawater, and a brine from deep sediments. They also investigated active methane formation beneath the seafloor and its potential impact on greenhouse gas emissions during ice ages.
A study by the University of Oregon found that large landslides in the past created broad, flat valleys with multiple auxiliary channels, providing a calm and safe haven for coho salmon during heavy rainstorms. This discovery provides fundamental insights into the geological and ecological controls on salmon habitat.
A Kaiser Permanente analysis found significant variation in vitamin D potency among supplements, with some products containing up to 146% more or less than listed values. The study suggests that consumers may not be getting the expected amount of vitamin D from their supplements.
A recent study found that Arctic permafrost's ancient carbon is released into the atmosphere at a rate 40% faster than previously thought when exposed to sunlight. Sunlight increases bacterial conversion of carbon into carbon dioxide, which accelerates climate warming.
The global response to NCDs can benefit from the successful integration strategies of HIV/AIDS and TB treatment. Building on these partnerships and investments will be crucial in addressing the rising NCD burden, which will overwhelm health systems due to multimorbidity.
A study by the University of Melbourne found that multinational food and drink industries employ similar tactics to the tobacco industry to shape public health policies. The authors recommend government regulation to address this issue, citing a lack of evidence on the effectiveness or safety of industry self-regulation.
A study found a significant increase in dance-related injuries among children and adolescents from 1991 to 2007. The annual number of dance-related injuries climbed 37 percent, with sprains and/or strains accounting for 52 percent of all injuries. Falls were the most common cause of injuries, affecting 45 percent of dancers.
Early-onset prostate cancer is linked to high levels of androgen receptor activity in young patients, leading to gene rearrangements that promote cancer. This discovery could lead to new diagnostic, prognostic, therapeutic, and prevention strategies for the disease.
A new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals that genes linked to autism and schizophrenia are only switched on during early stages of brain development. Researchers used advanced techniques to map gene activity in mouse brains, identifying key populations of subplate neurons and shedding light on th...
Addressing social and economic inequalities among disadvantaged groups is vital to tackle NCDs. Investing in early child development, education, employment, and high-quality healthcare can reduce these inequalities and lower mortality rates.
The American Chemical Society reveals how chocolate contains hundreds of compounds with beneficial properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The video explains that moderate chocolate consumption may be good for cardiovascular health and mood.
Early-onset prostate cancers have distinct genetic alterations that link genes normally independent to cancer-causing fusion genes. Androgen hormone receptors are also higher in younger patients, suggesting a potential trigger for the disease.
A new study suggests that high levels of attachment anxiety in married couples can compromise their immune systems, leading to higher cortisol levels and fewer T cells. This chronic stressor may be related to inconsistent care during infancy, but it is also possible for individuals with attachment anxiety to change.
A new AI framework using Markov Decision Processes and Dynamic Decision Networks has been developed to simulate treatment paths, improve patient outcomes, and reduce healthcare costs. The approach outperforms traditional models in both cost reduction and quality improvement.
Researchers found that only 16% of US hospitals could provide complete pricing information, with prices varying nearly 10-fold across institutions. The study highlights the difficulty in obtaining pricing data for common medical procedures, making it challenging for patients and healthcare decision-makers to make informed decisions.
A large-scale study found that hospitals with around-the-clock labor and delivery coverage had lower cesarean delivery rates and higher trial of labor after cesarean success rates. Women with previous cesarean births were more likely to attempt vaginal birth in these hospitals.
Researchers found a significantly higher prevalence of substance abuse and cigarette use among adolescents with ADHD histories compared to those without. The study also showed that current medications for ADHD do not counter the risk for substance abuse.
A study analyzing data from an international songwriting challenge revealed that common interests or skills do not cause collaborators to seek each other out. Instead, writers in one genre tend to collaborate with those in a less familiar genre. The researchers also found that work balance is crucial for collaboration success.
Scientists at the University of Southampton have created a method to generate bone cells on nanoscale surfaces, opening up new opportunities for bone repair therapies. The research used human embryonic stem cells cultured on plastic materials with nanotopographical patterns, without chemical enhancement.
Researchers suggest refining definition of intrauterine growth restriction based on pregnancy outcomes, finding adverse effects mostly in pregnancies with EFW less than the 3rd centile. Most babies born to those with lower fetal weights were healthy despite abnormal ultrasound features.
Researchers suggest that a small number of cheap generic drugs can treat most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), improving availability in poorer nations. Better selection and sourcing of generics, as well as increased investment and policies, are key to making life-saving medicines affordable to all.
CSHL scientists discovered a new protein, RNF20, essential for MLL-rearranged leukemia amplification. Suppressing RNF20 expression decreased leukemia cell proliferation and extended mouse lifespan.
A Phase I clinical trial demonstrated the therapeutic effect of RNAi gene silencing in treating advanced cancer patients. The drug, ALN-VSP, presented good evidence for clinical utility and showed significant tumor response in 11 out of 37 patients.