A study published in BMJ Open found that UK women scientists receive fewer studies funded and less money than their male peers in infectious disease research. Women's total share of funding ranged from 14% to 27%, with men receiving most of the total investment.
Researchers at UC Irvine's Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders have received a grant to develop and study patient-derived stem cell lines. The UCI MIND team will create up to 40 sets of induced pluripotent stem cells to explore the biology of Alzheimer's disease and test novel therapeutic approaches.
Researchers discovered HDL acts upon inflammatory processes by activating ATF3, downregulating chronic inflammation in macrophages. This finding suggests a molecular approach for treating inflammation in diseases like diabetes.
A study published in Nature found that rivers and streams emit significantly more carbon dioxide than previously thought, with a global rate of 1.8 billion tons per year. This contradicts the long-held assumption that lakes and reservoirs are the primary source of this emission.
Researchers at Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute create detailed map of Campeche Escarpment, a steep underwater cliff near the impact site. The maps reveal that rocks formed before, during, and after the asteroid impact are exposed along different parts of the escarpment.
A massive ejection of material from the sun in 2012 could have created a technological disaster if it hit Earth, short-circuiting satellites and power grids. The event highlights the need for society to prepare for severe space weather events.
Researchers discovered a temperature turnaround point in the atmospheres of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Titan, which may be common to billions of planets. This phenomenon occurs at a pressure of about 0.1 bar and is likely caused by infrared radiation absorption.
The latest themed issue of Reproductive Health Matters explores a new development paradigm to prioritize health, ensuring equitable care for all. The issue critiques the Millennium Development Goals model and advocates for a human rights approach to addressing health disparities.
A large EU study is investigating whether nilvadipine can help patients with Alzheimer's disease by reducing the formation of amyloid plaques in animal brains. The clinical trial will involve 500 patients in nine European countries, who will be treated with nilvadipine or a placebo for eighteen months.
The Green Bank Telescope has captured detailed images of M82, highlighting streamers of material and dense molecular gas surrounding areas of intense star formation. Astronomers hope to understand the connection between dense gas and star formation by creating wide-angle maps of galaxy gas.
Researchers found that home plants excel over visitors due to regional adaptations, which involve tradeoffs in performance. Genetic analysis revealed that only 15 regions of the genome are involved in adaptation, challenging the long-held view that multiple genes fuel these traits.
Researchers discovered imetelstat, a telomerase inhibitor, induces morphologic, molecular and clinical remissions in some patients with myelofibrosis. The study showed five patients achieved complete or partial remissions, including reversal of bone marrow fibrosis.
A team of researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and the University of Central Florida has developed a way to create large sheets of nanotextured, silicon micro-cell arrays that are lightweight, more efficient, and bendable. This technology could lead to solar-powered homes with reliable stored energy.
The American College of Physicians recommends clinical and administrative changes to deter prescription drug abuse while maintaining patient access to treatment. The guidelines advocate for physician, patient, and public education on the harms of medical and nonmedical use of prescription drugs.
A 35-year study by Cardiff University found that regular exercise significantly reduces the risk of dementia and cognitive decline. The study identified five healthy behaviors as key to a disease-free lifestyle, with exercise being the strongest mitigating factor.
Researchers have identified a specific genetic mutation driving Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia in up to 30% of patients. A new drug targeting this mutation shows promise in animal studies, offering hope for targeted treatment options.
IRIS has captured detailed images of the interface region between the sun's surface and corona, revealing more violent and turbulent phenomena than previously understood. The mission's observations also provide new insights into solar eruptive events and the dynamics of the low solar atmosphere.
The UK's failure to implement a comprehensive national policy on childhood physical activity has severe consequences, including obesity and poor health outcomes. Experts warn that this lack of action amounts to 'mass child neglect' and demand a child-centred approach to create opportunities for all children to be active daily.
The Turkestan cockroach has become a dominant invasive species in urban areas of the southwestern United States, replacing the oriental cockroach. Its shorter developmental period and higher reproductive rate are key factors contributing to its success.
A new study has found a significant association between diabetes and an increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma, also known as liver cancer, in various ethnic groups. The study revealed that people with diabetes have a two- to threefold higher risk for liver cancer compared to those without the condition.
Scientists at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia reprogrammed gene expression to produce fetal hemoglobin, which is unaffected by the genetic defect in sickle cell disease. This approach may open the door to a new treatment option for patients with this debilitating blood disorder.
Researchers found that zinc supplementation exhibited an antioxidant capacity, potentially reducing neurotoxic effects of aluminum on learning and memory function. The optimal dose of zinc for preventing aluminum-induced neurotoxicity was also identified.
A recent study published in The Lancet found that long-term exposure to fine particles poses the greatest threat to health even within concentration ranges well below EU limits. Annual exposure to PM2•5 increases the risk of dying from natural causes by 7%.
Researchers have successfully demonstrated how complex theoretical physics can be transformed into a physical object using a 3D printer. They created an 8 cm3 object based on a mathematical model describing forest fires, which could be used to produce works of art or transform scientific discussions.
A newly developed mouse trauma model reveals that the brain's protective coverings feel the brunt of even mild traumatic brain injuries. Researchers discovered a similar immune response in patients with mild head injury, suggesting a new potential treatment approach.
Researchers present new pain management treatment for SCD patients using selectin inhibitors, while also exploring targeted gene therapy strategies to produce healthy hemoglobin. These advances aim to improve the long-term outlook and quality of life for hundreds of thousands of patients worldwide.
The study found that stimulation at Neiguan with a frequency of 1 Hz and long duration of 180 seconds significantly increased cerebral blood flow and decreased the ratio of infarct volume. A frequency of 2/3 Hz and short duration of 5/60 seconds also showed positive effects.
A new study found that bed bugs can survive freezing temperatures for a certain period, but prolonged exposure to cold can lead to their death. The researchers discovered that minimum exposure times of 80 hours at -16°C are required for 100% mortality.
A new study by Henry Ford Hospital researchers found that 92% of epilepsy surgery patients are satisfied with the results, experiencing improved driving ability, employment status, and reduced antidepressant use. Patients who underwent temporal resection had significant improvements in these areas, particularly those with favorable sei...
Researchers from UdeM and the Institut universitaire en sante mentale de Montreal propose optimizing antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia patients by personalizing medication dosage and absorption, which can lead to improved efficacy.
Researchers found that prion protein misfolding is a key trigger for spongiform encephalopathy and neurodegeneration. The study proposes an effective model and testing method for cytosolic forms of prion protein, highlighting the complex intracellular environment as a contributing factor.
A new laboratory rearing method has been developed to study the western bean cutworm's susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins. This allows for the evaluation of toxin efficacy and potential resistance development.
A meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials found rTMS to be a safe and effective treatment for auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Active rTMS may cause headaches and facial muscle twitching, but has no significant impact on cognitive function.
African-American women with high levels of HSET protein were three times more likely to have shorter overall survival, progression-free survival, and metastasis-free survival compared to those with lower levels. The study found that HSET represents a potential new biomarker for poor breast cancer outcomes in African-American women.
Rutgers researchers confirm presence of Periplaneta japonica, a species well-documented in Asia, which can survive freezing temperatures and outdoor conditions. The new species was first spotted in New York in 2012 and is not expected to pose an alarm, but may compete with existing cockroach species for space and food.
A novel drug regimen featuring bortezomib has been shown to improve outcomes for patients receiving stem-cell transplants from mismatched and unrelated donors. The regimen reduced severe acute GVHD rates and treatment-related mortality, leading to better overall survival and relapse-free survival.
Research suggests that epigenetic changes, unrelated to genetic mutations, may contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders. Older fathers' sperm show a decrease in DNA methylation, which affects gene expression in offspring.
A team of researchers has discovered a mechanism that boosts the immune system and reduces brain tumor growth, paving the way for new treatment options. The study identified a commercially available drug, amphotericin B, as a potential novel treatment for patients with glioblastoma, a frequently lethal form of brain cancer.
Deep Carbon Observatory scientists have discovered a method to produce hydrogen more quickly and efficiently than natural processes. The new formula uses aluminum oxide, water, and olivine under high pressure, accelerating the production of hydrogen by 7-50 times.
A new method developed by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center researchers can measure hundreds of proteins in a single assay, paving the way for standardized quantification of the human proteome. This breakthrough could lead to more accurate cancer biomarkers and personalized treatments.
A new study by the Monell Center found that humans have a unique array of olfactory receptors, which encode both intensity and quality of odors. The researchers discovered considerable variation within the genes for discrete receptors, with approximately 140 receptors differing in response to odor molecules between any two individuals.
Researchers have identified a potential biological factor contributing to racial disparities in prostate cancer incidence and mortality. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) accumulate in African-American men with prostate cancer, promoting inflammation and cancer progression. AGE levels correlated with receptor for AGE (RAGE), sugge...
Researchers identified CUX1 as a driver of tumour growth in over 3,000 cancer patients worldwide. Inactivating CUX1 leads to increased tumour progression and activation of PIK3IP1, mobilising phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) for cell growth.
A nationwide study led by Children's Mercy researcher found that adding a monoclonal antibody called gemtuzumab to standard chemotherapy significantly reduced the risk of relapse and increased disease-free survival rates in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The treatment was most effective in patients at high risk of relapse.
A recent study analyzed 1.4 million peer-reviewed articles on Twitter and found that high tweet counts do not necessarily correlate with high citation rates. Many articles from prestigious journals like PNAS and Science received significant mentions, but quality control is lacking in social networks.
Scientists at UCL and international partners discovered a new mechanism controlling magnetic anisotropy at the atomic scale, enabled by electrical coupling between metal substrate and magnetic atoms. This discovery opens up new avenues for designing smallest devices for information processing, data storage, and sensing.
A recent study has identified MUC5B as a key protein involved in various lung-related ailments, including MRSA infections and cystic fibrosis. The protein helps control certain infections by coating airway surfaces in the nose and lungs.
Researchers found diverse aging patterns in 46 species, including those that weaken and strengthen with age, and remain unaffected by the process. Some species experience high mortality early on in life, while others become more fertile with age. The study reveals no correlation between aging patterns and typical lifespan.
A study of 1,344 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2004 and 2011 found that those with interruptions in health insurance coverage or low income levels were significantly more likely to receive non-concordant treatment. Women with lower incomes had a higher likelihood of nonconcordance with National Comprehensive Cancer Network...
Researchers have developed genetically engineered cell therapies demonstrating early efficacy and safety in patients with blood disorders. The treatments use a patient's own re-engineered cells to attack their disease, offering an innovative approach to precision medicine.
Researchers from Penn Medicine report promising results from a study of 59 leukemia patients treated with cell therapy, achieving high response rates and durable remissions. The treatment, known as CTL019, has shown long-term effectiveness in patients with both acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
A recent survey found that most people with relevance to HPV vaccination were unaware of its efficacy in preventing cervical cancer. The study suggests encouraging healthcare providers to discuss the vaccine's effectiveness with patients and parents of eligible adolescents to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality.
A personalized cell therapy reprograms a patient's immune system to eliminate tumors in blood, showing complete responses in 89% of patients with high-risk ALL. The treatment has also been shown to persist in circulation and prevent cancer recurrence.
A recent study from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) who were as old as 74 fared as well with stem cell transplantation as did younger patients. The study analyzed the records of 67 patients and showed no statistically significant differences in overall survival at four years between...
Researchers have made significant strides in expanding transplant eligibility and improving long-term success rates, particularly for older patients. Studies have shown that haploidentical transplants and cord blood cells can be viable alternatives to fully matched donors.
A study found that genetic alterations in the PAX gene family may explain head and neck cancer survival disparities between African-American and non-Latino white men. The research identified differential genomic and epigenomic alterations in PAX, NOTCH, and TP53 pathways between the two groups.
A study at Johns Hopkins Medicine has identified genetic mutations and molecular alterations linked to higher head and neck cancer death rates in African-Americans, revealing potential targets for improved risk assessment, early detection, and targeted therapy.
A gene therapy trial has shown promising early results for the 'bubble boy' disease, with 8 out of 9 children treated well. The study used haploidentical transplants and high-dose post-transplantation cyclophosphamide to improve outcomes for patients who were previously ineligible due to a lack of matching donors.
The study provides evidence for the Xingmeng area being in a marine or mainly marine environment at the end of the late Permian period. The discovery of bryozoan and other marine fossils in the upper part of the Linxi Formation supports this finding.
Researchers identify rare anemia syndrome Pearson Syndrome in patients with congenital anemia, emphasizing the importance of correct diagnosis and treatment. The condition has a different disease course and requires tailored treatment approach.