A team of scientists at EMBL has discovered how the genome is controlled by a series of multiple, interdependent regulatory elements. These elements are clustered together and control specific genes like Fgf8, which is crucial for limb growth and brain development.
A study published in Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation found that patients with left-sided brain injuries are more susceptible to hospital-acquired infections. The research suggests that optimizing the balance between left and right brain activity may improve infection resistance and lead to novel interventions.
A diagnostic 'cocktail' containing a single drop of blood, a dribble of water, and a dose of DNA powder with gold particles can mean rapid diagnosis and treatment of the world's leading diseases. The technology uses nanoparticles to target and illuminate cancer cells and tumours.
Researchers developed a pixelated vision system to enhance retinal implants, allowing patients to detect motion, large objects, and improve orientation. The system uses mathematical algorithms to pick out salient locations in images and provides directional cues for navigation tasks.
Researchers discovered that metal ions cobalt, manganese, and magnesium control the production of different terpenoids in insect larvae, one for defense and another for juvenile hormones. This study highlights the importance of metal ions in regulating metabolic pathways and challenges the traditional view of enzyme specificity.
A study by UCSD and NOAA finds that aerosols from the Sahara desert help spur precipitation in California, highlighting the impact of global weather patterns on regional water supplies. The research uses advanced instruments to track the journey of aerosols across continents and demonstrates their role in seeding storm clouds.
The partnership will enhance the quality of research and clinical content presented by JAAPA, a leading journal for PAs. The agreement aims to broaden the reach of the official peer-reviewed journal and provide value-added services to AAPA members.
Leading environmental scientists propose a highly regulated legal trade in rhino horn to conserve Africa's remaining rhinos. The plan, published in the journal Science, could meet global demand for horn by humanely shaving horns of live rhinos or animals dying of natural causes.
New research reveals that antibiotic-resistant Staph bacteria exhibit a seasonal pattern, with community-associated strains more likely to infect children during the summer months. In contrast, healthcare-associated strains are more prevalent among seniors during the winter months.
Researchers at the University of Manchester identified the method by which cells regulate integrin recycling, allowing precise control over cell movement. Syndecan-4 plays a critical role in regulating this process, responding to subtle changes in the cell's surroundings.
A study by University of Kentucky researcher Elaine Wittenberg-Lyles found that hospice team members often respond to caregiver empathic opportunities with perfunctory responses, rather than addressing emotional needs. This highlights the need for better communication about psychosocial issues and emotional losses for caregivers.
Researchers identified placental growth factor (PlGF) as crucial for medulloblastoma growth and spread. Blocking this pathway led to regression of all four molecular subtypes in mouse models.
Researchers found evidence of a unique post-glacial world, revealing life's remarkable ability to restore balance after a global glaciation. The study estimates the Marinoan Oxygen-17 Depletion event lasted 0-1 million years, suggesting an ultra-high carbon dioxide atmosphere following the Snowball Earth glaciation.
A new study found that aerobically-fit children had a greater chance of passing math and reading tests compared to their unfit peers. Aerobic fitness and socioeconomic status both positively impacted academic success.
A new analysis found that combining spaced retrieval and Montessori-based activities can improve nutrition, increase body mass index, and reduce depressive symptoms in dementia patients. The study suggests that clinicians consider using this intervention for individuals with poor nutrition and signs of depression.
A Swiss government-protected field site will provide a secure environment for GM crop researchers, enabling them to conduct experiments without security measures. This model could help European countries evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of GM crops in an objective manner.
The Radiation Belt Storm Probes mission, led by the University of New Hampshire, has discovered a transient third radiation belt formed in the wake of a powerful solar event. The new belt was detected using the Relativistic Electron-Proton Telescope and is located at an inner edge of the outer electron belt.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute have developed a new method to compare proteins of An. albimanus and An. gambiae midguts, shedding light on the complex molecular workings of An. albimanus, a significant but understudied spreader of human malaria.
A Princeton University study reveals that endangered species, such as Sumatran orangutans and Javan leopards, are increasingly taking up residence in swamp forests in Africa and Asia. These areas often lack food sources and fresh water, yet provide a crucial habitat for these animals.
Scientists have discovered a third Van Allen radiation belt that forms and dissipates in a matter of weeks, challenging our understanding of the environment around Earth. The discovery was made possible by twin NASA space probes carrying CU-Boulder instruments, which captured data on the belt's formation and behavior.
Researchers found that blockages in coronary arteries, as measured by non-invasive CT scans, were significantly higher in patients who experienced a stroke. CAC levels above 400 Hounsfield units increased the risk of stroke three times in those under 65 and at low cardiovascular risk.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University developed a new method called CETS to identify heterogeneous brain cells through epigenetic variation analysis. This will simplify the study of brain pathologies such as depression and age-associated disorders.
Researchers discovered two strains of acne bacteria associated with pimples and one strain linked to healthy skin. Increasing the body's friendly strain through a cream or lotion may help calm spotty complexions.
A mathematical modeling study found that deworming programs targeting schools only target a small proportion of parasites in the community, with little long-term effect on transmission. Researchers emphasize the need for more calculation-based approaches and alternative strategies to control soil-transmitted helminths.
The inaugural Physics Journalism Prize has been awarded to Anil Ananthaswamy for his article Hip Hip Array, which explores the Square Kilometre Array project. The prize is sponsored by IOP Publishing and the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), and includes a £10,000 award and an expenses-paid trip to Japan.
A study found that lung ultrasound can detect asymptomatic lung congestion in dialysis patients, who are at high risk of premature death and cardiac events. Treating this condition may improve cardiovascular health and prevent deaths.
Research published in Journal of Leukocyte Biology reveals that progesterone receptor regulates helper T cells required for developing antibodies. This regulation affects immunity against diseases like malaria and herpes simplex virus, and sheds light on autoimmune disease remission during pregnancy.
Carnivorous plants have evolved cup-shaped leaves to catch prey, allowing them to thrive in nutrient-poor environments. The study aims to uncover the rules of growth and evolution behind these complex forms, combining observations, 3D imaging, and genetic analysis.
Researchers studying the endangered lemur found that females live longer than males, on average into their early 30s. The team's findings suggest that age-specific dispersal behavior may carry greater costs for males, leading to earlier mortality.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a process to produce fatty acids from plant biomass using genetically modified E. coli bacteria. The new method has shown significant improvements in yield and efficiency, with the potential to produce millions of tons of fuel per year.
Researchers at MIT synthesized and tested 60 fungal compounds, finding some to be potent against human cancer cells. The most effective compounds had specific sulfur atom arrangements and larger attached rings.
Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology have invented a circuit that makes packaging test possible, reducing food waste by estimating freshness. The ultra-low-cost plastic circuits have numerous potential uses, including pharmaceuticals.
New research suggests that reducing sedentary time by 90 minutes per day can lead to significant health benefits for individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The study found that sedentary time was more strongly associated with cardiometabolic markers than total physical activity or vigorous exercise.
A study by 98-year-old researcher Fred Kummerow found that oxidized lipids contribute to heart disease by increasing calcium deposition on the arterial wall and interrupting blood flow. Oxidized cholesterol was also linked to an increased synthesis of a blood-clotting agent, thromboxane.
A new study suggests that consumers select health insurance plans based on both their overall wellness level and anticipated response to having insurance. The research indicates that people with lower behavioral responses to the contract are more likely to opt for high-deductible plans.
Scientists at Tufts University have shown that transplanted eyes can confer vision without a direct neural connection to the brain. The study used frog models and found that ectopic eyes could 'see' and elicit responses similar to those of animals with natural eyes.
Researchers found that clownfish fan their anemone hosts to increase oxygen consumption, benefiting both species. The fish's nocturnal antics may also improve circulation in the anemone, supporting life under low oxygen conditions.
Researchers argue that traditional notions of healthy and successful aging fall short for many Canadians living with chronic diseases. Instead, they advocate for supporting older adults to live well according to their own definitions of health.
Researchers identified a possible treatment window for brain plaques linked to Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that medications may be effective in slowing plaque buildup for several years. The study found that the rate of plaque accumulation accelerates initially before plateauing at high levels.
A team led by Dr. Marie-Josée Hébert discovered a new class of antibodies - anti-LG3 - which can trigger severe rejection episodes and high organ loss rates in kidney transplant patients. This breakthrough holds promise for developing new therapies to prevent or limit organ rejection.
A new study by Grand Valley State University researchers found that NHL teams tend to favor older players, resulting in underestimating the potential of younger players. The study shows that players born between July and December have a higher success rate than those born in the first three months of the year.
A new study reveals that certain viruses, known as bacteriophages, can hijack the immune systems of bacteria to overcome their defenses. This discovery has significant implications for phage therapy, which could potentially treat bacterial infections resistant to antibiotics.
Researchers demonstrate acceleration of electrons by a laser in free space, a significant breakthrough with implications for fusion as a new energy source. The capture-acceleration scenario, proposed by Yu-kun Ho's group, explains how a tightly focused laser can create a channel for electrons to receive energy gain.
Computer scientists from Saarbrücken have developed a new method to scan and monitor Android apps for security-critical functions, allowing users to revoke or grant privileges. The method, known as SRT Appguard, provides real-time policy enforcement for third-party applications and protects user privacy.
Research from Northwestern University and Redeemer University College found that trusting partners remember transgressions as less severe, while low-trust partners recall them as more severe. This distorted memory affects how individuals think about their partner and relationship.
Research found that surviving siblings are more likely to experience a heart attack years after their sibling's death. The risk is higher for women, who face a 25% increased likelihood of heart attack within four to six and a half years after bereavement.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a new way to block the Hedgehog pathway in skin cancers, which become resistant to treatment. The discovery offers a promising new approach for treating basal cell carcinoma and potentially improving patient outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Michigan are studying how exercise affects lean and obese rats to better understand insulin resistance and muscle glucose uptake. By comparing responses in both groups, they aim to develop more effective treatments for improving health across different populations.
Astronomers have measured the spin rate of a supermassive black hole, providing insights into the galaxy's evolution. The black hole's spin is linked to its accretion disk and can offer clues about the galaxy's past.
A pilot study found six compounds in the breath that increase following stressful mental arithmetic exercises, which may lead to a rapid stress detector. The study's findings are promising but need to be scaled-up with more people and settings before concrete conclusions can be made.
Researchers are working to improve study design and sample collection to better understand the composition and effects of the gut microbiota. The American Gastroenterological Association hosted a World Summit on Gut Microbiota For Health, where experts discussed future research directions.
A line of special liver cells called PICM-19 has the potential to perform many of the same functions as a human liver. The immortal cell line can be used to study various diseases, including liver cancers and cystic fibrosis, and may enable the development of artificial liver devices.
Professor Kevin Resch, a University of Waterloo researcher, has been awarded a $500,000 fellowship to focus on his work in quantum information science. His research could lead to breakthroughs in computing, communications, and cryptography.
Researchers at Duke University found that silver nanoparticles can have adverse effects on plants and microorganisms in low doses, leading to reduced biomass and altered enzyme activity. The study's findings highlight the need for further research into the environmental impact of these particles.
A team of scientists proposes a new system for classifying units of the Geological Time Scale, resolving the debate between single-time and dual-time hierarchies. The proposed realignment maintains both parallel sets of units, allowing for flexibility in choosing one or the other as needed.
Astronomers detect two Type 1a supernovae, designated Supernova 2013X and Supernova 2012ha, which provide valuable information for measuring cosmic distances. The explosions occurred hundreds of millions of years ago and have traveled to Earth, offering insights into the expansion of the universe.
Protection of marine areas from fishing significantly increases fish density and biomass. Even partial protection yields a 50% increase in biomass for target species like lobsters and scallops. However, the success of marine protection depends on its size and management style.
A UK study found that every degree fall in winter air temperature corresponds to a 1.3% drop in ambulance response time. The research analyzed data from Birmingham over five years and showed that extreme weather conditions significantly affected daily ambulance call-outs and response times.
Two high-profile fraud cases in photography have led to millions of dollars in settlements, fueling a revolution in photo conservation research. The cases, which involved fake and altered images, prompted researchers to develop new techniques for conserving and authenticating photographs.
A large-scale genetic study has identified four shared genetic risk loci across five major psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. The findings suggest that a new classification system based on underlying causes may be possible in the future.