Scientists have cracked the genetic code of bacteria linked to periodontitis, a disease marked by inflammation and infection of the teeth's supporting ligaments and bones. The unique genetic code allows SR1 bacteria to introduce a glycine amino acid, limiting gene exchange with other bacteria.
Scientists warn millions in Asia may be at risk of kidney failure and bladder cancer from taking widely available herbal medicines. A new study proposes protocols for diagnosis and treatment, and suggests a need for better regulation to prevent exposure.
Assistant Professor Hyeok Choi's research aims to develop a sensor system that can detect biological toxins wirelessly, providing real-time data for early warning systems. The system will be deployed in areas with high concentrations of harmful algal blooms, enabling water providers to take action.
A new study challenges the long-held explanation that depression is caused by insufficient serotonin levels. Instead, researchers found that abnormal communication between brain cells is the root cause of depression. This discovery opens possibilities for new therapies targeting excitatory connections rather than serotonin.
A community-based diabetes prevention program, led by health workers, successfully reduced blood glucose levels and improved insulin sensitivity in overweight participants with prediabetes. The study replicated the results of the Diabetes Prevention Project, demonstrating a significant reduction in diabetes risk.
A large-scale study found that oral estrogen therapy increases the risk of gallbladder surgery in postmenopausal women. Women using transdermal therapies like patches or gels were not at increased risk.
Researchers explore naturally occurring egg-hatching factors to control G. pallida, a non-native species causing economic hardship in US potato fields. Using these chemicals to stimulate eggs to hatch when no potato plants are present could be an effective defense against the pest.
A recent study published in JAMA Neurology found that unmedicated adults with hypertension and a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease have higher amyloid plaque levels than other groups. Controlling hypertension may significantly decrease the risk of developing amyloid deposits, even in those with genetic risk.
Researchers developed biodegradable nanoparticles that deliver inflammation-resolving drugs to sites of tissue injury, promoting clearance of pathogens or damaged tissue and restoring normal state. The treatment has potential for treating conditions like atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases.
Research suggests that skimmed/semi-skimmed milk consumption is associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity in preschool-age children. Milk fat may increase feelings of fullness, reducing appetite for other calorie-dense foods.
Researchers monitored sleeping adolescents' brain waves, finding that synaptic density in the cerebral cortex peaks at age 8 and declines until adulthood. EEG sleep analysis identifies crucial aspects of adolescent brain maturation.
Researchers found a new class of dust motion on the moon, where charged particles swarm like bees around partially shaded regions. This phenomenon creates oscillations over 1-10 meter-sized shaded regions, with dust bouncing back and forth between sunlit areas.
PhenoDB is a new online database that enables clinicians to document cases of unusual genetic diseases, which can then be analyzed by researchers. The database captures standardized information about a person's phenotype, including symptoms and family history, to help understand the genetic variations involved.
A recent study found that preterm infants with low-grade brain bleeding have similar neurodevelopmental outcomes as those with no bleeding. The study analyzed 1472 extremely preterm infants and found that those with grade 1 or 2 PIVH did not have an increased incidence of poor outcomes compared to infants without PIVH.
A new study reveals that male lions use dense savanna vegetation to hunt prey successfully, often ambushing them from behind vegetation. The findings suggest that changes to vegetation structure could impact the balance of predators and prey.
A recent study by Mayo Clinic found that over 2 in 5 parents are hesitant to vaccinate their teenage daughters against human papillomavirus (HPV) due to potential side effects. The vaccine is recommended for teens to prevent cervical cancer and genital cancers, with the majority of experts agreeing on its necessity.
Researchers have found that cuprate superconductors, known for carrying electrical current without resistance, cannot be fully explained by the traditional concept of Luttinger's theorem, which states that electrons carry current. This discovery reveals that there must be alternative explanations beyond electron behavior.
Researchers found a link between lifestyle factors and an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, with smoking, obesity, and diabetes being key contributors. The study also identified reduced risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption and higher social class.
VeriStem Technologies has developed an antibody that selectively targets and kills undifferentiated stem cells, reducing the risk of tumour formation. The company's Cellradication technology has the potential to revolutionize stem cell therapies and bring significant improvements to the healthcare industry.
A study published in Current Biology found that roosters' crowing is entrained to a circadian rhythm, meaning it follows a natural daily cycle. The researchers used constant light conditions and recorders to observe the birds' behavior, confirming that predawn crowing depends on an internal clock.
A new study reveals that critically ill very low birth weight (VLBW) infants are at high risk of hospital-acquired infections due to nurse understaffing. The research found that 13.9% of VLBW infants developed infections, resulting in increased mortality rates and long-term developmental issues.
Studies on the fruit fly Drosophila show that blind flies can't see due to histamine recycling in glial cells. Flies lacking Ebony and Tan genes have impaired vision, but those with Black mutations still struggle to see without histamine recycling. Further research is needed to understand the role of enzyme Black in vision.
A study suggests that humans rely on past experiences to predict future outcomes, which can lead to irrational decisions in games of chance. This strategy may contribute to problem gambling behavior and is resistant to current behavioral intervention strategies.
A new study has identified CA9, CD31, CD34 and VEGFR1/2 as potential biomarkers for predicting a good response to sunitinib treatment in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Patients with low Fuhrman grade tumors and high CA9 expression exhibited improved progression-free and overall survival.
A study found that pubic hair removal, particularly shaving, can increase the risk of spreading Molluscum contagiosum. Researchers believe micro trauma from hair removal facilitates transmission of the pox virus through self-infection or scratching.
A study published in Current Biology reveals that cliff swallows have decreased their mortality rates due to road collisions over the past three decades. The birds with longer-than-average wingspans are more likely to collide with vehicles, indicating that shorter-winged birds may be adapting to reduce fatalities.
A new Johns Hopkins Children's Center study reveals that peripheral intravenous catheters are nearly four times more likely to cause complications compared to centrally placed PICC lines. Clinicians should carefully weigh the ease of placement against the higher complication risk for non-central vein placement.
A team of researchers has created a map of gene 'shortcuts' between all human genes, simplifying the search for disease-causing mutations. This tool, called the human gene connectome, uses GPS-like principles to predict the distance and route between any two genes.
Researchers found that most medical subspecialty practices are unable to accommodate patients who use wheelchairs, citing transfer issues as the primary barrier. A new study suggests hydrochlorothiazide may be a safer treatment option than chlorthalidone for elderly patients with hypertension, due to its lower risk of electrolyte imbal...
A study conducted at Boston Medical Center found that IVC filters are often left in place indefinitely due to low retrieval rates and inconsistent anticoagulant use. A new multi-disciplinary team approach has been implemented to track and retrieve filters, resulting in successful removals of 10 out of 36 eligible filters.
Researchers found that elite athletes outperformed nonathletes in cognitive tests such as memory recall, task-switching, and peripheral vision detection. Female athletes also showed significant advantages over their male peers in certain tasks, minimizing the typical performance gap between women and men.
The AAN has released an evidence-based guideline for evaluating and managing athletes with suspected concussions. The new guideline emphasizes that any athlete suspected of experiencing a concussion should immediately be removed from play, and recommends concussion and return to play assessments be done individually. Athletes under hig...
Scientists discovered a correlation between adiponectin, a protein hormone from fat tissue, and migraine pain relief. The study found that increased levels of low molecular weight adiponectin were associated with reduced pain severity, while high molecular weight adiponectin was linked to increased pain.
The collaboration aims to accelerate the translation of Organs-on-Chips from benchtop to marketplace, providing more predictive and useful measures of drug efficacy and safety in humans. The Wyss Institute has developed over ten Organs-on-Chips, including lung, heart, liver, kidney, bone marrow, and gut-on-a-chip technologies.
Timothy Berners-Lee, British man and inventor of HTML language, receives the Queen Elizabeth Prize for his groundbreaking contributions to the development of the World Wide Web. The prize is the most highly endowed award in engineering science worldwide.
A recent Weizmann Institute study has discovered that caspase 8 signaling enzymes, which were previously thought to only induce programmed cell death, can also activate an entirely different process in certain cells - causing inflammation more directly. This finding highlights the need for further research into the signals transmitted ...
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology discovered that insect odorant receptors are self-regulated, allowing them to amplify sensitivity in response to below-threshold odor stimulation. This mechanism enables flies to detect minute amounts of odors, essential for navigation and finding resources.
Researchers analyzed how particle shape affects the behavior of jammed materials, employing a computer algorithm to optimize shape configurations. The results were verified through large-scale 3D printed tests, providing insights into the complex interactions between particles and material properties.
The Thirty Meter Telescope will be the most powerful telescope ever constructed, allowing researchers to detect and study light from the earliest stars and galaxies. With NSF's support, the project aims to push the boundaries of scientific discovery in astronomy.
The article highlights how cultural norms influence parenting behaviors, with Western cultures emphasizing autonomy and many Asian, African, and Latino cultures valuing interdependence. Pediatricians can benefit from understanding these differences to provide culturally sensitive guidance and support.
A new study by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health researchers found that hospital characteristics, not patient risk factors, influence c-section rates in Massachusetts. Hospital practices and culture play a significant role in determining c-section rates.
Researchers at Tufts University School of Medicine found that modifying astrocyte signals can limit the spread of damage after an ischemic brain stroke. By regulating neurotransmitter pathways, astrocytes play a critical role in the spread of damage following stroke.
The University of Miami's CSTARS has been awarded a contract by the Office of Naval Research to collect, process and disseminate global Synthetic Aperture Radar data in near-real time. This will enable the U.S. Navy to utilize SAR imagery for improved operational capabilities.
Researchers found that allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with mesenchymal stem cells from third-party donors improved poor graft function in five patients with acute GVHD and two with chronic GVHD. The treatment also showed promise in reducing morbidity and mortality.
A longitudinal cohort study of 1,310 women found that even three years after being declared free of cancer, women who had a false-positive result consistently reported greater negative psychosocial consequences compared to women with normal test findings. Researchers propose annual blood pressure screening instead of checking at every ...
A new study published in Clinical Psychological Science found that adults suffering from complicated grief retain their ability to recall specific memories of their past when those events involve the deceased. They often generate impossible future scenarios with the deceased relative to their difficulty imagining a realistic future.
The study reveals that peripheral glaciers in Greenland are losing mass at a rate of up to 50 Gigatons per year, contributing to around 15-20% of sea-level rise. This is higher than expected and more significant than the ice sheet alone.
Retention forestry and agroforestry systems offer a balance between production and biodiversity conservation. The paper proposes bridging the two fields to enhance ecological benefits and species conservation.
Researchers developed biodegradable nanoparticles that selectively target and resolve inflammation, potentially treating atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases. The nanoparticles release an inflammation-resolving peptide drug, promoting tissue repair and reducing chronic inflammation.
A large observational study found no significant association between maternal vitamin D levels and children's bone mineral content, suggesting that UK guidelines for vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy may be overstated.
Assistant professor of astronomy Misty Bentz will receive a five-year $862,769 NSF grant to measure distances to galaxies with known black hole masses and obtain clearer images of galaxies to predict black hole masses. This project aims to develop a shortcut for predicting black hole mass in any given galaxy through simple observations.
Researchers at Intermountain Medical Center have developed a real-time electronic screening tool to identify patients with pneumonia, speeding up diagnosis and treatment. The tool analyzes over 40 variables to determine the probability of pneumonia, alerting caregivers when necessary.
A Swedish study found significant heterogeneity in continence rates among patients after radical prostatectomy, suggesting that some receive suboptimal care. The research used multivariate models to evaluate surgeon variation and identified a negative correlation between potency and continence rates.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a low-power phase-change memory using self-assembled nanostructures, which can store data even when not powered. The new technology reduces power consumption by up to 1/20th of its present level, making it suitable for mobile electronics applications.
A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that recalling recent meals reduces food consumption, while being distracted during eating leads to increased intake. Techniques such as writing down previous meals and using visual reminders can aid in reducing meal sizes.
The Boston University School of Medicine has launched a safe opioid prescribing education program, funded by the first of its kind $1.8 million grant from manufacturers of extended release/long-acting opioid analgesics. The program is designed to train healthcare providers on how to safely manage patients with chronic pain using opioids.
New research from the Niels Bohr Institute predicts a tenfold increase in extreme storm surges due to global warming, resulting in 'Katrina' magnitude storms every other year. The study suggests that 0.4 degrees Celcius warming already leads to a doubling of extreme storm surges and an additional 3-4 times increase with further warming.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University found that hospitals adopting Lean methodologies from Toyota and similar manufacturing approaches improved heart attack process of care measures, leading to lower 30-day mortality rates. However, no significant association with reduced readmission rates was observed.
A study has uncovered a rare congenital deformation in an early human skull from China, suggesting high levels of inbreeding among our ancestors. The finding provides valuable insights into human evolution and population dynamics, revealing unusual population dynamics likely caused by high levels of inbreeding.
A study found significant variation in vena cava filter use among California hospitals, with some hospitals using them up to 38.96% of the time. Hospital characteristics such as small bed count, rural location, and private status were associated with increased VCF use.
A study by Sanford-Burnham researchers found that Siah2 keeps androgen receptors constantly active in prostate cancer cells, enabling them to survive treatment. Inhibiting Siah2 may provide a new method for re-sensitizing castration-resistant prostate tumors to hormone therapy.
A solar storm was triggered by a fast coronal mass ejection (CME) approaching Earth, causing a mild geomagnetic storm with weak power grid fluctuations and minor impact on satellite operations. Aurora may be visible at high latitudes in northern US states such as Michigan and Maine.
A new University of Michigan poll shows that only one-third of parents follow their child's health care provider's advice all of the time. Most parents say they follow provider advice 'most of the time', but lower-income households and black and Hispanic parents are more likely to report following advice only occasionally.
Researchers have enhanced the ability of MEH-PPV polymer to confine light by reducing energy thresholds for laser production. The 'sandwich' approach limits exposure to oxygen and prevents degradation due to photo-oxidation.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that biennial mammography screening for women aged 50-74 does not increase the risk of advanced breast cancer, but rather reduces the risk of false-positive results. For women under 50 with extremely dense breasts, annual screening may be necessary to decrease the risk of advanced d...
The EU-funded 'LUMINET' project aims to develop novel luminescent materials that minimize the use of rare earths. Researchers are exploring new methods to produce phosphors without these precious commodities.
Scientists at the University of Nottingham are leading a four-year study to investigate the effectiveness of tranexamic acid in treating intracerebral haemorrhage, a devastating type of stroke. The trial aims to recruit 2,000 people worldwide and assess whether the drug can reduce permanent brain damage and improve survival rates.
The remnants of ex-cyclone Tim are drifting west towards the Queensland coast, causing rough to very rough seas and moderate south to southeasterly swell. NASA's infrared satellite imagery shows the weakening storm with significantly warmed cloud top temperatures and strongest thunderstorms appearing in a small area offshore.
Researchers found that boiled Greek coffee consumption was associated with improved endothelial function and reduced blood pressure, even in those with high blood pressure. The study suggests that the polyphenols and antioxidants in this type of coffee may be beneficial for cardiovascular health.
Researchers found that individuals with autism have broader tuning of neurons in the fusiform face area, leading to difficulties in recognizing faces. This impairment affects social interactions and limits facial expression understanding.
Researchers found that adding pimples to equipment doesn't necessarily improve grip, but rather the density of pimples and texture of mitts matter. Synthetic leather mitts performed best across all conditions, suggesting a need for tailored ball designs for different climates.
A study describes 9 new wasp species of the Paramblynotus genus from Africa and Madagascar, adding to the already rare Mayrellinid family. The discovery provides insights into the biology and ecology of these parasitoid wasps.
Researchers found that tourist-fed stingrays at Stingray City show distinct patterns of activity, including daytime feeding and nighttime resting, compared to wild stingrays. Human interaction has drastically altered their behavior, with some stingrays abandoning their solitary nature and forming schools.
The California chromodorid sea slug, declared extinct in Southern California in the 1980s, has begun to reappear in local waters. Marine scientists attribute its resurgence to improved water quality, mainly a result of stricter pollution regulations.
A study reports a rising rate of propofol abuse among health care professionals, characterized by rapid onset and quick recovery time, with most abusers being women with depression and history of childhood trauma. The study suggests that propofol abuse can lead to unintended side effects, including physical injuries and loss of control.
Researchers found that pneumonia patients are nearly twice as likely to develop depression and cognitive impairments, which can lead to disability and nursing home admissions. Hospitalization for pneumonia also increases the risk of losing daily life activities.
Researchers reconstructed ancient ocean conditions, finding most deep ocean was anoxic, with limited oxygen and hydrogen sulfide. This discovery challenges our understanding of eukaryote rise and animal emergence.
A study found that elevated PAPP-A levels were associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events in people with cardiac chest pain due to heart disease. The presence of PAPP-A also predicted cardiovascular events, including heart attacks and strokes, even after controlling for other factors.
Large chunks of the Farallon oceanic plate are still present under parts of central California and Mexico, according to new research. The researchers used seismic tomography and other data to show that part of the Baja region and part of central California sit atop 'fossil' slabs of the Farallon plate.
Researchers propose a novel risk stratification model for bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy, utilizing clinico-pathological and pre-operative hematological factors. The study found that low hemoglobin and high C-reacted protein levels are independent prognostic indicators for disease-specific survival.
A UM doctoral student uses Twitter to share updates from a conservation conference, reaching over 100,000 users worldwide. The study highlights the potential of live-tweeting to promote conservation education and outreach.
Researchers have discovered that mutations in the TERT promoter gene are involved in some brain tumors and certain types of cancer. The study found nine tumor types highly associated with these mutations, which may provide a new target for drug development.
Researchers from New York University and Carleton University find that Earth's interior cycles cause sea-level rise and global warming through mantle plumes. The analysis reveals a connection between geological events below the surface and climate change, suggesting a powerful union between deep-sea geological events and climate shifts.
A new study warns that widespread adoption of the 'test and treat' policy for HIV could lead to a significant increase in multi-drug resistant HIV cases. The study suggests that this approach could double the number of MDR cases among men who have sex with men (MSM) in LA County over the next 10 years.
Researchers have discovered the original host of ancient pigmy moths was a rainforest plant in the myrtle family. The moths' evolution reveals unique adaptations for courtship and mating.
Weizmann Institute researchers found that measuring a single atom's spin can collapse its superposition into one state. By adjusting the polarization of the emitted photon, they demonstrate that observers can influence the spin collapse, suggesting an 'action-at-a-distance' effect.
Researchers used computer simulations of water to predict its behavior under extreme pressure and temperature. The results suggest that magnesium carbonate, previously thought insoluble, can dissolve in water at great depths, potentially returning carbon to the surface through volcanoes.
Researchers at the University of Oregon have synthesized organic molecular structures that can move both positive and negative electrical charges. This breakthrough has significant implications for creating flexible electronic devices, such as stretchable and bendable computers and synthetic skin for robots and prosthetics.
Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science created a two-dimensional cell-like system on a glass chip, enabling precise observation of gene expression and protein behavior. The system allows for the simultaneous production and trapping of multiple proteins, revealing a spectrum of protein activities.
A one-day training program designed by U of A medical researchers led to officers being more likely to recognize mental health issues during calls and less likely to use physical force. The training resulted in long-term behaviour change and saved the police force $80,000 due to increased efficiency.