March of Dimes funds new preterm birth research
The March of Dimes is funding new research into preterm birth, focusing on genetics, infections, and hormones. The goal is to reduce the national preterm birth rate from 11.7% to 9.6%.
Science News for March 5, 2013
Novel storage mechanism allows command, control of memory
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have identified a novel storage mechanism that regulates memory formation by modulating actin fibers in neurons. This discovery has significant implications for the treatment of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and may lead to the development of new therapeutic treatments.
Texas A&M research contributes to improved ultrasound imaging
Researchers at Texas A&M University developed a new metamaterial that enables the conversion of ultrasound waves into optical signals, resulting in high-resolution images. This breakthrough technology has the potential to significantly improve diagnostic capabilities in various biomedical applications.
Seniors who play video games report better sense of emotional well-being
A new study from North Carolina State University found that older adults who play video games experience better emotional well-being, with those who played reporting higher levels of happiness and life satisfaction. In contrast, non-gamers showed more negative emotions and a greater risk of depression.
New tool better estimates pandemic threats
A new method better assesses pandemic risks by estimating transmissibility of emerging zoonotic viruses, such as the H3N2v-M virus, using routine surveillance data. This approach is simple and robust, but may not be suitable for non-subcritical outbreaks.
Product promotion: When do emotional appeals trump celebrity spokespeople?
A new study suggests that emotional appeals can be more effective than celebrity endorsements when promoting products related to a consumer's identity. By matching emotions with identities, companies can create more personalized and persuasive marketing campaigns.
Research leads to better understanding of peripheral neuropathy
Researchers from Plymouth University have identified the role of Merlin in regulating axon integrity, a key factor in peripheral neuropathy. This discovery could lead to effective drug therapies for patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) suffering from peripheral neuropathy.
New Center for Open Science designed to increase research transparency
The new center is designed to improve how science is conducted and communicated, with tools to promote accurate and transparent findings. It also provides incentives for original research and replication of previous studies.
Use of certain therapies for inflammatory diseases does not appear to increase risk of shingles
A large study of nearly 60,000 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases found that initiating anti-tumor necrosis factor therapies did not significantly increase the risk of herpes zoster. Corticosteroid use was associated with a higher risk of herpes zoster in this population.
West Nile virus passes from female to eggs, but less so from larvae to adults
Researchers monitored WNV in California Culex mosquitoes and found that the virus is passed vertically from females to eggs, but with significantly lower rates when transmission occurs from larvae to adults. This loss of infection during larval development remains unclear.
Researchers discover gene that causes obesity in mice
A recent study discovered a gene responsible for obesity in mice, and deleting it eliminated obesity even on high-fat diets. The researchers believe this may be replicated in humans using existing technology targeting the specific gene.
SourceUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus·JournalJournal of Lipid Research·DateMar 5, 2013
Resistance to first line anti-malarial drugs is increasing on the Thai-Myanmar border
A study published in PLOS Medicine reveals that resistance to first line anti-malarial drugs is increasing on the Thai-Myanmar border, with a significant impact on the migrant population. The authors found that alternative treatments are urgently needed to replace the failing regimen.
New research calls for better guidance about HIV transmission and the law
A new report by researchers from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine highlights significant confusion among health and social care professionals about criminal prosecutions for HIV transmission. The study recommends improving best practice, training, and online resources to reduce stigma and promote public health.
Comparison investing: Why are consumers more willing to take risks when they can compare products?
A study found that consumers are willing to pay more for faster service with delayed installation and prefer riskier investments with higher expected returns when compared to safe options. This preference reversal highlights the importance of product comparison in consumer decision-making.
UT Southwestern scientists make mouse model of human cancer, demonstrate cure
Researchers developed a genetic mouse model of an incurable human cancer and demonstrated that blocking the CXCR4 receptor molecule can inhibit tumor development. The study revealed a potential target for therapy of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, which are rare but highly aggressive and resistant to treatment.
Kirk, Spock together: Putting emotion, logic into computational words
Researchers at Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute found that cold reasoning and hot feelings are intimately connected in the brain. The study used a fairness probe called the ultimatum game, which showed that feelings about offers tracked well-defined computations, indicating no clean separation between rational decision-making ...
Temple researchers discover key to heart failure, new therapies on horizon
Researchers at Temple University School of Medicine have identified a biochemical step underlying heart failure that could aid the development of new drugs. GRK5 enzyme gains access to heart cells' nucleus via calcium and calmodulin, leading to hypertrophy and ultimately heart failure.
Remains of extinct giant camel discovered in High Arctic by Canadian Museum of Nature
A team led by Dr. Natalia Rybczynski has identified the first evidence for an extinct giant camel in Canada's High Arctic, dating back 3.4 million years. The discovery extends the range of camels in North America northward by 1,200 km and suggests a possible adaptation to polar environments.
People with mental illness at highly increased risk of being murder victims
A Swedish-US study found that people with any mental disorder are five times more likely to be homicide victims than those without. The risk is highest among those with substance use disorders, but also affects individuals with depression, anxiety disorders, and personality disorders.
Nurse migration in North and Central America strengthening health systems
The report highlights the benefits of nurse migration to address healthcare disparities and reduce socioeconomic inequality. It suggests strategies to facilitate migration, including investments in educational systems and visa development.
Why fish is so good for you
Scientists have discovered that omega-3 fatty acids found in fish can help lower blood pressure. The 'SLO1' potassium channel plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of these fatty acids. When administered to mice, DHA expanded blood vessels and decreased blood pressure, but this effect was blocked when the SLO1 channel was not present.
SourceFriedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 5, 2013
New effort to identify Parkinson's biomarkers
A new NIH-funded collaboration aims to accelerate the search for biomarkers in Parkinson's disease by improving collaboration among researchers and involving patients in clinical studies. The initiative, led by Dr. Clemens Scherzer at Brigham and Women's Hospital, seeks to develop biomarkers that can predict, diagnose, or monitor the d...
Spinal tap -- using cactus spines to isolate DNA
Researchers have developed a novel procedure to isolate DNA from cactus tissue using cactus spines, overcoming challenges posed by polysaccharide-based mucilage content. This method simplifies genetic work and is less invasive than traditional sampling methods.
Before and after: Ad placement should reflect cultural conceptions of time
A new study in Journal of Consumer Research found that the horizontal location of advertising images influences consumer evaluations of products. Products placed on the left tend to be favored by those living in cultures reading from left to right, while those on the right are preferred by right-to-left readers.
Discovery of human genetic mutation could lead to new treatments for type 1 diabetes
A recent study published in Cell Metabolism reveals that a single mutation in the SIRT1 gene can cause type 1 diabetes in humans. The researchers identified a previously undocumented mutation that led to an amino acid substitution in the SIRT1 protein, resulting in high levels of blood sugar.
Gravitational lens creates cartoon of space invader
Astronomers have captured a striking image of a spiral galaxy distorted by gravitational lensing, resembling an alien from the classic computer game 'Space Invaders'. The foreground cluster of galaxies acts as a natural lens to magnify and brighten light from background galaxies, creating this surreal landscape.
UF scientists discover new crocodilian, hippo-like species from Panama
Researchers have discovered two new ancient extinct alligator-like animals and an extinct hippo-like species in Central America during the Miocene period. The fossils shed light on species distribution before the formation of the Isthmus of Panama.
Mathematician Arthur Szlam named Sloan Research Fellow
Arthur Szlam, assistant professor at City College of New York, has been awarded the Sloan Research Fellowship for his innovative mathematics in machine learning and computer vision. He will receive $50,000 to further his research on computer vision, allowing computers to learn to distinguish and categorize objects in images.
Mental picture of others can be seen using fMRI, finds new study
Researchers at Cornell University found that brain activity patterns in the medial prefrontal cortex can accurately identify an individual's thought process about a person. This unique ability allows us to anticipate behavior and navigate social interactions with greater ease.
First single gene mutation shown to result in type 1 diabetes
A study published in Cell Metabolism identified a single gene mutation in SIRT1 as a potential cause of type 1 diabetes. The research found that the mutated gene led to impaired beta cell function and increased susceptibility to diabetes.
Homes in neighborhoods with protected open space bringing higher sale prices
A new study by Colorado State University researchers found that homes in neighborhoods with protected open space have sales prices 20-29% higher than those without such features. The 'conservation development' approach protects natural resources while providing social and economic benefits to people.
New clinical tool assesses health risks for older adults
A new checklist-based tool helps doctors assess health risks in older adults, considering factors like age, medical conditions, and functional status. The tool, called a 'mortality index,' has been validated with over 20,000 adults and can help seniors engage with their primary care provider to discuss informed health care maintenance.
Health benefits of marriage may not extend to all
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that marriage provides less protection against mortality as health deteriorates. Married people tend to overestimate their own health, which can lead to a false sense of security. The study's findings suggest that marriage may be more beneficial for those in excellent health, but not f...
Heavy moms-to-be at greater risk of c-section
Women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) of 40 or more are at increased risk of vacuum extraction delivery or Cesarean section. Excessive gestational weight gain also increases the risk of forceps, vacuum extraction, and C-section. Obesity is associated with lower gestational weight gain but larger baby sizes.
Analytical theory may bring improvements to lithium-ion batteries
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a theoretical framework to control dendrite growth in lithium-ion batteries, which can cause internal shorts and fires. The new approach could lead to faster charging times and improved safety.
The making of Antarctica's hidden fjords
A team of geoscientists from the University of Arizona led by Stuart N. Thomson discovered that East Antarctica's landscape changed dramatically when big glaciers appeared there, carving deep valleys quickly. The research used sediment cores to analyze minerals and determine the rate of erosion over time.
Whoa there! Quick switch to 'barefoot' shoes can be bad to the bone
Researchers at Brigham Young University found that runners who transition too quickly to minimalist shoes suffer an increased risk of injury. The study suggests a slower and more gradual transition over a longer duration is necessary to minimize the risk of injuries.
Alzheimer's risk gene discovered using imaging method that screens brain's connections
UCLA researchers found a common abnormality in genetic code that increases Alzheimer's risk, weakening brain connections. The study combined genomic screening with advanced brain scans to pinpoint the SPON1 gene as a culprit.
SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 5, 2013
Biomass analysis tool is faster, more precise
The High-Throughput Analytical Pyrolysis (HTAP) tool from NREL can analyze hundreds of biomass samples daily, providing early insights into ideal plant genes. This accelerated method reduces the time required to analyze a sample from two weeks to just two minutes.
Ancient DNA solves 320-year-old mystery
Researchers from the University of Adelaide's Australian Centre for Ancient DNA extracted ancient DNA from two specimens and compared it to extinct relatives. They found that the Falkland Islands wolf diverged from its closest living relative around 16,000 years ago, revealing a 16,000-year-old island colonization process.
Is the iPad creative? It depends on who's buying it
A new study in Journal of Consumer Research found that consumers' perception of products they don't own can influence their judgments. When made aware of not owning a product, consumers who perceive themselves as uncreative may actually see the product as more creative.
Sharing HIV research findings with participants
Researchers orally disseminated their HIV research findings to 477 participants, who enthusiastically received the information and identified new areas for investigation. The dissemination conference was funded by several organizations, including the National Institutes of Health.
Community-based HIV-prevention efforts can boost testing, help reduce new infections
A new study found that community-based HIV-prevention efforts can significantly increase testing rates and reduce new infections. The trial demonstrated a 14% reduction in new HIV infections compared to control communities.
Boys are right-handed, girls are left...
Research on sugar gliders and grey short-tailed opossums reveals a distinct pattern of handedness based on gender. Unlike other mammals, quadruped marsupials show reversed sex-related handedness, with males being right-handed and females left-handed, particularly for more complex tasks.
'Mean girls' be warned: Ostracism cuts both ways
A new study shows that individuals who deliberately shun another person are equally distressed by the experience. Participants felt shame and guilt when complying with instructions to exclude others, while being excluded caused them to feel less connected to others.
Shadows over data sharing
The human genome sequencing project's experience highlights current challenges in accessing data, particularly in social sciences and personalized medicine. Researchers often withhold data due to competitive advantages or confidentiality agreements, hindering open access.
Stressed proteins can cause blood clots for hours
Researchers at Rice University and Baylor College of Medicine have discovered that stressed proteins can remain in a dangerous shape for up to five hours before returning to their normal state. This finding has profound clinical implications, as it helps explain the workings of the key clot-forming protein von Willebrand factor.
Affordable care alone may not be enough to help Latinos overcome cancer care barriers
A UCLA study found that financial hardship, lack of doctor continuity and care coordination, and communication issues significantly hinder access to prostate cancer care among Latino men. The study highlights the need for a multi-faceted approach to improve access, increase health literacy, and enhance care coordination.
Amputee phantom pain linked to brain retaining picture of missing limb
Researchers at the University of Oxford have made a groundbreaking discovery linking brain activity to phantom pain in amputees. The study found that arm amputees with stronger phantom limb pain maintained a stronger representation of the missing hand in their brains, which was indistinguishable from those with intact limbs.
Better estrogen-testing methods needed to improve patient care
The Endocrine Society issues a position statement on estradiol measurement, highlighting the need for accurate testing to diagnose conditions like breast cancer, osteoporosis, and infertility. The organization calls for a universally recognized estradiol standard and new methods capable of measuring small concentrations.
SourceThe Endocrine Society·JournalThe Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism·DateMar 5, 2013
Statistical physics offers a new way to look at climate
Scientists use direct statistical simulation to model fluid jets, fast-moving flows in oceans and atmosphere. The new approach is a key step toward bringing basic physics models to bear on climate science, enabling more efficient climate simulations.
EEG patterns indicate when patients lose, regain consciousness under propofol anesthesia
Researchers identified specific EEG signatures that indicate loss and regain of consciousness under propofol anesthesia. The study provides precise markers for monitoring patient unconsciousness and predicting recovery, potentially revolutionizing general anesthesia care.
SourceMassachusetts General Hospital·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 5, 2013
Colonoscopy screening reduces risk of advanced colorectal cancer
A new study confirms the effectiveness of colonoscopy in preventing advanced colorectal cancer diagnoses, particularly for tumors on the right side of the colon. The study found a 70 percent reduction in risk for average-risk adults, supporting current medical recommendations.
SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·DateMar 5, 2013
UMMS scientists discover new mechanisms for relaxing airways using bitter tasting substances
Researchers found that stimulating bitter taste receptors in some airway cells can lead to improved treatments for asthma attacks. Bitter substances act by shutting down calcium channels, allowing bronchodilation and ending the asthma attack.
U of M researchers utilize genetically corrected stem cells to spark muscle regeneration
U of M researchers have successfully generated stem cells capable of muscle regeneration using induced pluripotent stem cell technology and genetic correction. The approach has shown promise in treating muscular dystrophy, paving the way for testing in reprogrammed human pluripotent cells.
New method for greenhouse gas predictions
A new dynamic mathematical model estimates variation in greenhouse gas emissions in response to changes in wastewater management systems. The study provides more accurate and detailed predictions than current steady-state models, with implications for industries seeking to reduce their carbon footprint.
Improper protein digestion in neurons identified as a cause of familial Parkinson's
Researchers have discovered a critical link between impaired protein digestion in neurons and familial Parkinson's disease. The study identifies LRRK2 mutations as a key contributor to alpha-synuclein accumulation, providing potential avenues for drug treatments or genetic therapies.
The maternal effect: How mother deer protect their future kings
A study by Brigham Young University reveals that mothers prioritize their male offspring with high leadership potential, providing better nourishment and habitats. This investment has a lasting impact on the males' survival and health even after independence.
BUSM study reveals potential target to better treat, cure anxiety disorders
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have identified a specific group of cells in the brainstem critical for emotional memory processing during REM sleep. The activation of phasic pontine waves is linked to the development of long-term retention of fear extinction memory, making it a potential target for new treatments.
Top patient safety strategies detailed in new AHRQ report
The AHRQ report identifies 10 strongly recommended patient safety strategies, including preoperative checklists and hand hygiene, to prevent harmful events in US healthcare institutions. The report builds on previous research and provides clinicians with a sound basis for integrating proven strategies into their care.
Are new national policies designed to reduce hospital readmissions working?
A recent study suggests that new national policies designed to reduce hospital readmissions will have uncertain success. The study identifies three critical challenges that stand in the way of policy success, including the need for collaborative relationships within the medical community and more evidence-based policy decisions.
SourceMary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News·JournalPopulation Health Management·DateMar 5, 2013
Herbal defluoridation of drinking water
Researchers in India have developed a filter system using the medicinal herb Tridax procumbens to remove fluoride from drinking water. The technology can reduce fluoride levels by up to 98% in just three hours, making it a promising approach for defluoridation.
SourceInderscience Publishers·JournalInternational Journal of Environmental Engineering·DateMar 5, 2013
Walking away from back pain
A Tel Aviv University researcher finds that a simple home aerobic program is as effective as clinical therapy in treating lower back pain. The program involves walking two to three times a week for 20-40 minutes and has the added advantage of encouraging patients to follow a healthier lifestyle.
Age-related dementia may begin with neurons' inability to dispose of unwanted proteins
Research reveals that age-related dementia may begin with neurons' inability to dispose of unwanted proteins, leading to their accumulation. This decline in protein disposal mechanisms contributes to the development and progression of dementia, making it a promising area for novel therapies.
Study examines thinning of heart muscle wall among patients with coronary artery disease
A study found that limited scar burden was linked to improved heart contraction and reversal of wall thinning in patients with coronary artery disease. Regional myocardial wall thinning may represent viable myocardium with potential for recovery, challenging current views on the condition.
New report confirms almost half of Africa's lions facing extinction
A new report by Panthera suggests that fencing and conflict mitigation initiatives are necessary to conserve lion populations in Africa. The study found that unfenced habitats lead to higher costs and lower lion population densities, highlighting the severity of the lion conservation crisis.
New evidence that comets could have seeded life on Earth
New experiments show that complex molecules can form in icy grains in space, potentially bringing the building blocks of life to Earth. The discovery opens the door to comets or meteorites as a source for life's origins.
U of M researchers find wide variation in cesarean delivery rates among US hospitals
A recent study by the University of Minnesota School of Public Health found that hospital cesarean delivery rates varied widely across US hospitals, with lower-risk patients experiencing even greater variation. The study's findings suggest potential quality issues and highlight the need for improved data on maternity care quality.
Green tea extract interferes with the formation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease
Researchers at the University of Michigan have discovered that green tea extract can prevent the misfolding of specific proteins in the brain, which is associated with Alzheimer's disease. The study found that a molecule in green tea, EGCG, prevented aggregate formation and broke down existing structures in proteins containing metals.
Omega-3s from fish vs. fish oil pills better at maintaining blood pressure in mouse model
Researchers found that DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid found in oily fish, activates ion channels to lower blood pressure. In contrast, the ethyl ester form of DHA, commonly used in fish oil pills, fails to activate these channels and may even counteract their effects.
SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 5, 2013
Hurting someone else can hurt you just as much
A recent study found that people who intentionally exclude others experience negative emotions such as shame and guilt, while those who are excluded feel anger. These results highlight the psychological costs of excluding others, suggesting a fundamental human need for social connection and autonomy.
The Joint Facial and Invasive Neck Trauma (J-FAINT) Project, Iraq and Afghanistan 2003-2011
A new study published in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery concludes that additional training in managing face and neck injuries and improvements in body armor could be beneficial. The majority of injured service members had mild to moderate injuries, with females being at higher risk of survival.
SourceAmerican Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·JournalJAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery·DateMar 5, 2013
News websites should target 'reward seekers,' MU researcher finds
Researchers found that news consumers with 'reward-seeking' personalities are more likely to read news online, engage with websites, and use mobile devices. To maximize online revenue, news organizations should target these reward seekers with brain-friendly designs and emotional storytelling.
Molecular coordination in evolution: A review in 'Nature Reviews Genetics'
Researchers at CNIO have developed new computational methods to study the evolution of proteins and their interactions. These methods enable predictions of molecular relationships and structural changes, with potential applications in cancer treatment and drug development.
SourceCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO)·JournalNature Reviews Genetics·DateMar 5, 2013
Emergency departments not doing enough to educate parents about car seat safety
A new study finds that more than one-third of ER physicians are unsure if their department provides child passenger safety information to parents. Fewer than half said they would provide discharge instructions with advice on car seats for a 2-year-old child.
Novel small molecules used to visualize prostate cancer
Two novel radiolabeled small molecules targeting PSMA have excellent potential for diagnosing and staging prostate cancer. The imaging agents showed a high sensitivity of lesion detection in bone, soft tissue, and the prostate gland.
SourceSociety of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging·JournalJournal of Nuclear Medicine·DateMar 5, 2013
Felix Goñi, Avanti award for best European research in lipids
Félix Goñi, a renowned researcher, has received the prestigious European Avanti award for his groundbreaking work on cell membrane lipids and their role in programmed cell death. The award recognizes his contributions to the understanding of biophysics of lipids, including metabolism, enzymology, structure, and membranes.
Assembling the transcriptome of a noxious weed: New resources for studying how plants invade
Scientists assembled the transcriptome and genome of the noxious weed Brachypodium sylvaticum, providing insights into its invasive capabilities and adaptation to new environments. The study offers a model for studying ecological and evolutionary aspects of invasion.
Scarring of heart muscle linked with increased risk of death in patients with type of cardiomyopathy
Midwall fibrosis detected via MRI is associated with higher mortality rates in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Patients with midwall fibrosis are at an increased risk of sudden cardiac death and cardiovascular mortality.
Human Connectome Project releases major data set on brain connectivity
The Human Connectome Project has released a major dataset on brain connectivity, featuring high-resolution imaging and behavioral information from 68 healthy adult volunteers. The data will enable scientists to explore relationships between brain circuits and individual behavior.
New insight into double-protected dance of cell division
Researchers have discovered how two proteins shelter each other to ensure smooth and safe cell division, a process crucial for growth and response to environmental changes. By understanding these molecular mechanisms, scientists may uncover new clues for understanding diseases like cancer.
Focal therapy offers middle ground for some prostate cancer patients
Researchers have developed a new focal laser ablation treatment that uses precisely targeted heat to burn away cancerous cells in the prostate. The approach has shown promising safety results and can be performed without significant side effects.
Targeting diet products: Why are more independent consumers better at delaying gratification?
A new study suggests that more independent consumers are better at delaying gratification and perceive future events as happening in the distant future. This is because they think of the future in abstract terms, whereas less independent consumers perceive it in concrete terms.
New mechanism for relaxing airways using bitter tasting substances
A team of scientists discovered that certain bitter taste receptors can relax airway smooth muscle cells, potentially halting asthma attacks. The study's findings suggest that these bitter compounds may be an improvement over current treatments due to their rapid relaxation effects.
Parents, religion guard against college drinking
Researchers found that college students who used religious coping mechanisms reported less frequent and heavy drinking. Parents' stress-coping habits also played a role in shaping their children's coping practices. The study surveyed 129 college students and their parents, with results published in the Journal of Religion and Health.
Fishers near marine protected areas go farther for catch but fare well
A study by Washington State University researchers found that fishers in Hawaii's nearshore fisheries travel longer distances to catch fish due to the placement of marine protected areas. Despite this, their social and economic status remain unchanged.
Modeling Jupiter and Saturn's possible origins
Theoretical models demonstrate that gas giant planets can survive periodic outbursts of mass transfer from the gas disk onto the young star. These models show that Jupiter and Saturn could have formed through this process, supporting the presence of 20% of sun-like stars with gas giants.
Viruses: More survival tricks than previously thought
Researchers have found a virus that can adapt to hosts with modified nuclear genetic codes, contrary to the long-held assumption that such changes prevent new viral infections. The discovery provides evidence of co-evolution between viruses and hosts with altered genetic codes.
Antiviral lipid earns patent
Researchers at National Jewish Health have discovered a naturally occurring lipid, POPG, that reduces inflammation and inhibits infection by the influenza virus and RSV. The lipid offers a promising approach for the prevention and treatment of these respiratory infections.
Insomnia is linked to increased risk of heart failure
A large study found that people with insomnia symptoms, including trouble falling asleep and waking up feeling unrefreshed, have a higher risk of developing heart failure. The study followed 54,279 participants for over 11 years and found those with all three insomnia symptoms had a more than three-fold increased risk.
Hope in stopping melanoma from spreading: Inhibiting protein prevents metastasis to lungs in mice
A study published in Science Signaling identified a critical protein role in the spread of melanoma to the lungs. Researchers found that inhibiting the adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) protein reduces melanoma metastasis.
New gene variant may explain psychotic features in bipolar disorder
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified a gene variant associated with higher production of kynurenic acid, which may explain psychotic features in bipolar disorder. The study suggests that inflammation and stress trigger the production of KYNA, leading to increased levels in patients' brains.
Children of divorced parents more likely to switch, pull away from religions, Baylor study finds
A Baylor study suggests children of divorced parents are more likely to disassociate from institutional religions, but private religious life remains unaffected. Context factors like parental differences in religiosity and logistical difficulties play a significant role in shaping religious outcomes.
How cells optimize the functioning of their power plants
Mitochondria have been found to contain 'assembly plants' that regulate the expression of their genes, producing long precursor RNA molecules specific to this organelle. These structures, known as mitochondrial RNA granules, play a crucial role in energy production and may be linked to various diseases.
Does the villainous 'selfish' gene undermine genome's police?
A new study at Brown University found that the 'selfish' segregation distorter (SD) gene can manipulate meiosis to eliminate defective sperm, while a policing system tries to suppress it. The research deepens understanding of how life can violate fundamental genetic principles.
A better way of estimating blood loss
A new method for estimating blood loss, based on base deficit (BD), is more accurate than the current Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) classification. BD was linked to increased severity of injury, length of stay, morbidity and mortality.
New study suggests potential shift in burden of pneumococcal disease
A new study suggests that pneumococcal disease may be shifting its burden from infants to adults in Latin America, with significant economic implications. The research highlights the need for increased monitoring and surveillance to understand the full extent of the disease in the region.
Wayne State vision restoration technology receives Notice of Allowance for US patent app
A new US patent application allows for methods of restoring visual responses using optogenetic compounds, covering channelrhodopsin and halorhodopsin variants. The approved patent will substantively expand RetroSense's IP estate, providing broad protection for their gene therapies.
Safe, long-term opioid therapy is possible
Clinical guidelines suggest monitoring patients closely for harm using urine drug testing, pill counts, and prescription data. Careful management balances pain relief with the risk of addiction and overdose.
Pain training for primary care providers
A pilot study assesses the Primary Practice Physician Program for Chronic Pain (4PCP) and its impact on patients with chronic pain. The program improves symptoms, including reduced pain, fatigue, and depression, as well as boosts physician confidence and efficiency.
Is it a stroke or benign dizziness? A simple bedside test can tell
A new study led by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers has developed a simple bedside test that can determine whether severe dizziness is caused by a stroke or something benign. The portable device uses eye movement tests to diagnose strokes with 100% accuracy, promising to prevent misdiagnosis and save lives.
New spectroscopy method could lead to better optical devices
A new spectroscopy method has been developed to analyze light emission from layered nanomaterials, enabling researchers to determine the orientation of emitters and potentially improve the efficiency of optical devices. The technique uses energy-momentum spectroscopy to study interference effects in thin films.
USF and KAUST chemists develop efficient material for carbon capture
Researchers have discovered a highly efficient material for capturing CO2, which could make clean-coal technology more efficient and reduce energy costs. The breakthrough material, SIFSIX-1-Cu, is less expensive and reusable than existing materials, with the potential to improve air quality and combat climate change.
Genetics Society of America's Genetics journal highlights for March 2013
The March 2013 issue of Genetics journal highlights several key findings, including a study on oocyte-expressed genes that support early cloned embryo development and the role of cytoskeletal proteins in controlling clone quality. Additionally, research on self-incompatibility genes in Arabidopsis thaliana reveals the structural and fu...
Leading psychological science journal launches initiative on research replication
The Association for Psychological Science has launched an initiative to encourage multi-center replication studies, with a new type of article that allows replication study designs to be peer-reviewed before data collection. The goal is to make replication a valued part of daily scientific practice.
SourceAssociation for Psychological Science·JournalPerspectives on Psychological Science·DateMar 5, 2013
Stressed-out tadpoles grow larger tails to escape predators
Researchers found that prolonged exposure to the stress hormone corticosterone enabled tadpoles to increase the size of their tails, improving their ability to avoid lethal predator attacks. The study provides new insights into the mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity and its role in animal survival.
NASA wallops recovery continues from Hurricane Sandy
Hurricane Sandy caused significant damage to NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, removing protective berm and beach erosion. The facility is now working to conduct an out-of-cycle beach replenishment and repair the damaged berm.
Putting HiFi into cochlear implants
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have developed a new, nonsurgical process to fine-tune and customize cochlear implant programming, providing improved sound quality and spectral resolution. This image-guided strategy uses pre- and postoperative CT scans to pinpoint electrode locations and optimize signal transmission.
Single gene might explain dramatic differences among people with schizophrenia
A new imaging-genetics study from CAMH found that a specific version of the microRNA-137 gene is associated with younger age at onset and distinct brain features in patients with schizophrenia. The study suggests that developing tests to screen for this gene could help treat patients earlier and more effectively.
On the trail of mucus-eaters in the gut
Researchers successfully directly observed microorganisms feeding on intestinal mucosa using NanoSIMS technology, identifying Akkermansia muciniphilia and Bacteroides acidifaciens as key players. The study provides new insights into the gut microbiota's role in inflammatory bowel disease.