Paula Myrick Short, interim provost and senior vice president for academic affairs, has been selected as a Fulbright Specialist to engage in short-term collaborative projects at international universities. She will share expertise in reform strategies, leadership development, and policy support to enhance student success.
Researchers have developed a novel, environmentally friendly approach to pretreating Miscanthus biomass, enabling more efficient conversion into biofuels. The 'green' pretreatment process uses switchable butadiene sulfone, which can be recovered and reused, reducing waste and costs.
Researchers discovered malaria parasites can send signals to each other in infected red blood cells, triggering transformation into sexually mature forms that can be transmitted to mosquitoes. This social behavior could provide a target for developing new antimalarial drugs or vaccines.
Canadian governments must work together to share greenhouse gas emissions reduction costs, with provinces contributing equally. The current system is not effective and requires leadership from the Prime Minister and provincial premiers to address the challenge.
A new study from Umea University finds that men with more severe psoriasis receive more frequent and expensive treatment, contributing to higher healthcare costs. The research analyzed data from over 2,200 Swedish patients and found a significant difference in disease severity between men and women.
Cyclone Mahasen is strengthening in the Bay of Bengal, with NASA satellites tracking its movement and predicting a large storm surge along the Bangladeshi coastline. Heavy rainfall totals over 500 mm have been recorded in the northern Indian Ocean, posing significant flooding risks for residents in coastal areas.
Two new water mite species have been discovered in South Korea and the Russian Far East, expanding the known diversity of this group. The discovery, published in ZooKeys, brings the total number of described species to over 400 worldwide.
A study published in the American Heart Association found that middle-aged individuals who improved their fitness levels reduced their heart failure risk by 20% for every one MET improvement. This research highlights the importance of incorporating regular exercise into mid-life routines to decrease the risk of heart failure.
A new study reveals that the Devonian clam fauna experienced fluctuations in species abundance, but its ecological stability remained intact. The research suggests that factors like predation pressure and food web dynamics played a crucial role in maintaining the ecosystem's stability.
A new study found that increased sleep duration is associated with a lower likelihood of moderate or high suicide risk versus low risk. Every one-hour increase in sleep duration was linked to a 72 percent decrease in the likelihood of moderate or high suicide risk, according to researchers.
Researchers using NASA's HiRISE camera have identified almost 250 fresh impact craters on Mars each year, providing a more accurate measure of surface processes on the Red Planet. The cratering rate is estimated at an average of one per area roughly the size of Texas, offering insights into climate change and the planet's activity.
Adults with ADHD who received methylphenidate treatment for 12 months showed a 24% increase in dopamine transporter density. This finding may affect how well these individuals respond to the medication, suggesting that elevated dopamine transporter levels are a consequence of chronic treatment rather than a marker for the disorder.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich discover 'desorption stick', a new type of friction that occurs when polymer molecules interact with surfaces. This mechanism depends on the chemical nature of the surface and solvent, not on movement speed or adhesive strength.
Scientists found that immune cells only need to contact specific antigens on the transplanted organ to be activated and reject it. This discovery could lead to new anti-rejection therapies for organ transplantation.
James Cameron will deliver a presentation on his DEEPSEA CHALLENGE expedition and donate an extreme-depth unmanned undersea exploration system known as a 'lander' to Scripps. The lander will be used for future deep-sea exploration endeavors, unlocking the mysteries of Earth's least explored environment.
Researchers at NIST create three-dimensional scaffolds made with cells and hydrogels to evaluate the biological effects of nanoparticles. The hydrogel-based scaffolds provide a more realistic environment than current laboratory tests, allowing for longer-term studies and better representation of normal exposure levels.
A novel avian-origin H7N9 influenza virus was found to show rapid evolution, with several viruses circulating in Hangzhou. The virus's pathogenesis in humans remains unknown, but substitutions have been identified as potential pathogenicity factors.
Research reveals that girls try to avoid or escape risky situations, while boys act tough to prove their street credentials, but both are critical of gangs and youth violence. The study highlights the importance of community and school-based approaches to addressing all forms of violence against women and girls.
In a groundbreaking experiment, scientists detected the second sound wave in an ultracold quantum gas, validating a fundamental theory of superfluidity developed by Lev Landau. The observation was made possible by controlling and manipulating individual atoms using lasers.
Research from the American Society of Hypertension meeting shows that mobile phone calls can increase blood pressure, while yoga can lower it. A study also found that hypertensive individuals prefer more salt in their food but can curb this desire with other seasonings.
A clinical trial led by Penn Medicine found that olaparib was effective against advanced pancreatic and prostate cancers in patients carrying BRCA 1/2 mutations. The therapy showed promise in halting disease progression, even in patients whose tumors did not shrink.
A study published in JAMA found that sacrocolpopexy, a common surgical treatment for pelvic organ prolapse, has lower long-term success rates than previously thought. Nearly one-third of women experience treatment failure within five years, while a majority develop urinary incontinence.
A new study by Penn Medicine found that most cancer doctors, patients, and the general public support cutting healthcare costs by refusing to pay for drugs without improving survival or quality of life. The survey also revealed that large numbers favored not paying for more expensive drugs when cheaper alternatives are equally effective.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that long-term use of prescription painkillers is associated with a higher risk of erectile dysfunction (ED) in men. Men taking high-dose opioids for at least four months were 50% more likely to receive ED prescriptions than those who did not take opioids.
Researchers identified a case of spatial and temporal conflict in regulating the ventral neurons defective gene, which must be precisely regulated for proper nervous system specification. The study shows that an additional input from a complementary gradient of the Dpp morphogen solves conflicting temporal and spatial responses.
A breakthrough study led by Shoukhrat Mitalipov converts human skin cells into embryonic stem cells using a variation of somatic cell nuclear transfer. The reprogrammed cells can transform into various cell types, including nerve cells, liver cells, and heart cells, without the risk of transplant rejection.
A novel agent, (S)-YK-4-279, has been shown to halt the progression of Ewing sarcoma in rats and cause tumor regression. The agent works by blocking protein-protein interaction between cancer-causing proteins.
Researchers used fish temperature preferences as a 'thermometer' to assess climate change's impact on the world's oceans between 1970 and 2006. They found that warm-water species dominated global fisheries catches, while tropical regions experienced reduced marine species and catches.
Researchers found that depressed individuals express personal goals in vague terms, such as 'to be happy,' rather than specific objectives like improving a running time. This reduced specificity may be linked to the motivational deficits seen in depression, and could inform more effective psychotherapeutic approaches.
Ant colonies that restrain foraging except in prime conditions experience improved reproductive success. Natural selection favors regulating foraging to hold back when conditions are bad, shaping collective behavior exhibited by the entire colony.
Scientists detected H1N1 virus in free-ranging northern elephant seals off California coast, indicating potential for transmission to humans. The discovery highlights the importance of protecting workers handling marine mammals and preventing disease transmission between species.
A new study found that metal-on-metal hip implants can cause inflammation of the joint lining (synovitis) in asymptomatic patients, with MRI scans identifying this inflammation. The study suggests that symptoms alone are insufficient to determine an implant's health and recommends using imaging, such as MRI, to predict potential damage.
Researchers at University Hospitals Case Medical Center Seidman Cancer Center present findings from two studies on new technologies designed to improve patient enrollment in clinical trials. A web-based intervention and an automated matching program showed significant improvements in knowledge, attitudes, and efficiency for oncologists.
Despite new recommendations, women in their 40s continue to get routine breast cancer screenings at the same rate as before, with insurance coverage being a key reason for persistence. The study's findings highlight the ongoing challenges in changing behavior and the influence of societal factors on individual decisions.
The study identifies key regions for conservation efforts, highlighting Southeast Asia, southern Africa, and Central America as top priorities. Conservationists must allocate limited resources effectively to protect the world's most unique and threatened species.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center have discovered that expression of TRAIL in transplanted hematopoietic stem cells is critical for an effective anti-tumor response. This finding has led to the development of new therapeutic strategies to suppress graft-versus-host disease while maintaining anti-tumor activity.
Researchers will develop an algorithm using digital forensics to detect data exfiltration, employee misconduct, and unauthorized activity. The system will analyze organization's computer systems and present a report on system usage anomalies.
A team of scientists analyzed isotopes from the bones and teeth of the first New Zealanders, identifying their likely diet and childhood origins. The study suggests that the first group shared similar diets, while others had highly variable diets reflecting their geographical movements.
Researchers at Imperial College London found that middle-aged individuals with higher body fat experience stiffer arteries. This stiffness can lead to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death.
A study demonstrated that an antibiotic stewardship program using Bruker's MALDI Biotyper analyzer reduced average length of stay by two days and overall costs by almost $20,000 per patient. The program improved patient care through rapid pathogen identification and accurate antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
A survey of 161 military personnel found that those with multiple head injuries face a significantly higher risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The study's lead author says that knowing this association can provide valuable information for professionals treating wounded combat servicemen and women to help manage the risk of suicide.
Research published in PLOS ONE reveals that malaria-infected mosquitoes are significantly more attracted to human odors than their uninfected counterparts. The study suggests that understanding the olfactory changes underlying infected mosquito behavior may help identify new compounds for developing mosquito traps.
Researchers created a US map pinpointing areas with higher rates of infection and sepsis-related deaths, including clusters in the Midwest, mid-Atlantic, and South. The analysis highlights the need for targeted interventions to improve public health resources.
Researchers have found evidence of the 'Bd' fungus among African Clawed Frogs in the US, which has led to the decline or extinction of 200 frog species worldwide. The study suggests that these frogs may be responsible for introducing a devastating disease to amphibians in the US.
Fossil discoveries in Tanzania reveal the oldest evidence of the split between Old World monkeys and apes, dating back to 25 million years ago. The findings document two new primate species: Rukwapithecus fleaglei and Nsungwepithecus gunnelli.
A new report highlights the challenges of collecting DNA for human rights purposes, such as protecting victims of human trafficking. The authors propose multiple approaches and solutions to combat this issue, including collaboration among government authorities, law enforcement, social services, academics, and victim advocates.
Researchers at George Mason University and University of Lincoln found that dinosaurs likely shared incubation duties with both moms and dads, contrary to previous claims of male-only care. This new analysis helps understand the evolution of incubation in birds and sheds light on dinosaur reproductive behavior.
A survey of nearly 1,000 primary care clinicians reveals significant disagreements between physicians and nurse practitioners on the scope of nurse practitioner responsibilities, including leadership roles, reimbursement levels, and service provision. The study highlights the need for further analysis of the economic implications and c...
Transplant researchers at Pitt School of Medicine found that chemokine receptors are not necessary to start the rejection response. Instead, dendritic cells identify antigens and present them to the recipient's immune system, leading to organ rejection.
A study found that young women are less healthy and have a poorer quality of life prior to a heart attack compared to men of similar age. Researchers also discovered that women are more likely to have conditions associated with heart disease, such as diabetes and depression.
The DOE JGI has established new partnerships to develop emerging technologies in genomics and single-cell analysis, including scalable DNA synthesis and high-throughput sequencing. These collaborations aim to enhance the Institute's capabilities and support DOE missions related to clean energy and environmental characterization.
Researchers at NIST have developed a new technique that allows for rapid scanning of atmospheric gases, enabling faster and more accurate detection of greenhouse gases. This innovation has the potential to improve climate science by combining high-accuracy measurements from various platforms.
Research teams at MagLab break through nearly 40-year barrier, observing a never-before-seen energy pattern in boron nitride and graphene materials. This breakthrough opens a new experimental direction in condensed matter physics and high magnetic field research.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that female mosquitoes infected with malaria parasites are significantly more attracted to human odour than uninfected mosquitoes. The team aims to identify the chemical compounds in human odour that attract infected mosquitoes, which could help develop improved mosquito traps.
Researchers at NIST have improved the performance of solar-powered hydrogen generation by developing a new photoelectrochemical cell design that is stable, efficient and economical to produce. The device has an efficiency of 2.9%, significantly higher than previous results.
Researchers have developed a blood test that can detect allergies to nickel, cobalt, and bone cement, allowing patients to avoid miserable reactions and expensive revisions. The new test is expected to be widely used in the next couple of years, improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.
The discovery reveals a fundamental interest in understanding the electronic properties of graphene and its potential applications. The researchers have created multiple clones of Dirac fermions, mimicking massless relativistic particles, and produced an intricate pattern known as the Hofstadter butterfly.
Researchers found that European winter weather is more challenging to forecast when the Atlantic airflow is weaker, leading to more complicated weather patterns. This phenomenon is linked to the North Atlantic Oscillation, which affects the relationship between atmospheric pressure systems and European weather conditions.
The Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research advocates for tightening the Air Quality Directive to set better standards, improve air quality, and protect human health. Researchers recommend regulating pollutants like particulate matter, ground-level ozone, and benzo(a)pyrene to reduce the negative impacts of air pollution.
The University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) team created a web-based tool to help physicians, hospitals and clinics make the transition without hiring experts. The study shows that the translations from ICD-9 to ICD-10 are organized into clusters, making it convoluted and entangled.
Unprocessed, raw cotton has been found to be an ideal, eco-friendly material for cleaning up oil spills, absorbing and holding over 30 pounds of crude oil per pound. The sustainable and biodegradable property of cotton makes it a promising alternative to synthetic sorbents.
A first prospective trial, CUSTOM, demonstrates that genetic analysis can assign cancer treatment for patients with three types of cancers. The study found that patients and doctors are interested in personalized medicine, but rare mutations remain a challenge.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have discovered a novel delivery method for the enzyme plasmin, which is more effective at dissolving blood clots than the standard treatment rt-PA. The new technique uses liposomes and ultrasound waves to target plasmin directly to the clot.
Researchers confirm Hofstadter butterfly, a rare quantum effect producing a repeating butterfly-shaped energy spectrum, in moiré-patterned graphene. This discovery provides the first direct experimental proof of this fractal pattern, which was predicted by American physicist Douglas Hofstadter in 1976.
Researchers at Stanford University have created a new type of nanoscale particle that can decontaminate tainted water and be easily recovered with a magnet. The 'synthetic antiferromagnetic cores' are ultraresponsive to magnetism, allowing for efficient collection of nearly all particles.
MIT researchers have developed a new method for manufacturing filters in frequency-hopping radios that enables 14 times more filters on a single chip. This improvement increases the performance of these devices while minimizing space constraints, making them ideal for handheld devices. The new approach uses techniques already common in...
Researchers found that extensive warming on the Antarctic Peninsula occurs during its fall months, governed by atmospheric circulation patterns originating in the tropics. The autumn warming leads to a notable reduction in sea ice cover, resulting in warmer temperatures on nearby land in winter and spring.
A recent study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that scheduled imaging studies are ineffective in detecting the relapse of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Only a handful of patients without symptoms were identified through scans, highlighting the need for individualized care approaches.
A recent study found that people with negative feelings towards climate change actively seek out more information, while those with positive emotions tend to avoid it. The researchers suggest that improving risk communication about climate change could benefit from approaches such as arousing curiosity and promoting optimism.
A recent study published in Chemical Reviews suggests that photocatalysis offers the greatest potential for removing ethylene gas, reducing spoilage and financial losses. By transforming ethylene into carbon dioxide and water, this technology has the potential to increase food quality and availability globally.
Researchers found that parts of the prefrontal cortex take over when the hippocampus, a key learning and memory center, is disabled. The breakthrough discovery could potentially help develop new treatments for Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and other conditions involving brain damage.
A combination of factors is fueling a renaissance in drug development for rare diseases. Smaller pharmaceutical companies and patient advocacy groups are playing key roles in bringing new treatments to market. With over 7,000 rare conditions affecting 200,000 patients or fewer, these breakthroughs offer hope for fuller lives.
African clawed frogs in California are found to carry a deadly fungal infection that has led to the decline or extinction of some 200 amphibian species worldwide. The fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatis, is transmitted through water and can cause skin thickening, electrolyte imbalance, and brain swelling.
A new study from Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center found that cancer patients are more than two-and-a-half times more likely to declare bankruptcy than those without cancer. Younger cancer patients faced the highest bankruptcy rates, particularly in their early 20s and 30s.
Researchers found that breathing motor vehicle emissions alters high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, making it contribute to clogged arteries. The inhalation of emissions activates components of oxidation, leading to inflammation and hardening of the arteries.
Researchers at RUB created a square lattice of magnetic islands, where the north and south poles aligned themselves in chains. Higher-order interactions determined the magnetization orientation, leading to a chain formation instead of expected zigzag pattern.
The STP-H4 payload complement includes three NRL experiments: SWATS, MARS, and GLADIS, which will investigate space weather and its impact on military and civilian systems. The experiments aim to improve forecasting capabilities and provide two-way communications for various sensor arrays.
Ekwoge Abwe, a Cameroon conservationist, has won the prestigious Whitley award for his work preserving Ebo Forest and its wildlife. The award recognizes his community-led gorilla conservation initiative, which aims to secure a safe future for endangered species.
A large-scale study found that minimally invasive MRI autopsies accurately determined the cause of death for 92% of fetuses and babies younger than one year. However, accuracy decreased for children aged 1-16 years, with only half of cases agreeing on cause of death. The study suggests that MRI may not detect infections in this age group.
Research by University of Copenhagen economists rejects the 'wealth effect' theory, suggesting homeowners do not increase consumption despite rising property values. The study analyzed data from 90,000 households and found that younger homeowners took out more consumption loans when given the chance.
A new journal supplement highlights the nutritional benefits of white vegetables, debunking the myth that they are less nutritious than their colorful counterparts. Key findings include a substantial body of evidence demonstrating how white vegetables contribute important amounts of essential shortfall nutrients to the American diet.
Research suggests that upper-body strength predicts men's political opinions on economic redistribution, indicating a possible evolutionary link. The study found that wealthy men with high strength were less likely to support redistribution, while poor men of similar strength were more likely to support it.
Obese patients who received robotic kidney transplants had significantly fewer wound complications than those receiving traditional open surgery. This minimally invasive procedure provides a better quality of life for high-risk patients often bypassed for transplantation.
A recent study by Duke University and the USGS found no evidence of groundwater contamination from shale gas production in Arkansas. The researchers sampled 127 shallow drinking water wells and analyzed the samples for major and trace elements, hydrocarbons, and isotopic tracers.
The first tropical depression of the Eastern Pacific hurricane season formed on May 15, according to NASA data. Tropical Depression One-E was detected by the Aqua satellite and showed signs of strong thunderstorms with heavy rainfall potential.
Engineers at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center performed delicate 'eye surgery' to implant the MIRI instrument, weighing 181 pounds, into the ISIM module. The precise operation requires coordination among multiple team members to avoid disturbing the critical science instruments.
A study analyzing over 4000 summaries from peer-reviewed articles finds that 97% endorse the consensus that recent global warming is human-caused. The findings starkly contrast public perceptions, highlighting the need for increased awareness and action on climate change.
A team of scientists has successfully used Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) to produce human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), opening up new possibilities for personalized therapies. The study's findings offer a promising approach for generating patient-specific stem cells to model diseases and replace damaged tissues.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have successfully developed a new type of laser that uses electricity instead of light, requiring significantly less energy to operate. The device produces a coherent beam of light and has potential applications in various fields, including optical communication and medical surgery.
A UC Santa Barbara scientist and team found significant benefits to slowing climate change from reducing industrial methane emissions. Methane levels were highest near refineries, with nighttime concentrations enhanced by calm atmospheric layers.
Scientists at Texas Biomedical Research Institute have identified four genes (TENC1, ERBB3, ACVR1B, and DGKA) that influence levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. This discovery could lead to the development of new drugs to reduce heart disease risk in humans.
A team of Stanford engineers has created a thin, flexible 'skin' that can monitor heart health, detecting stiff arteries and cardiovascular problems. The device is sensitive enough to track changes in the pulse wave, which could lead to more detailed diagnostics in the future.
A study published in Neurology found that individuals with skin cancer had a nearly 80% lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The researchers suggest physical activity and biological factors as possible explanations for this link.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that consuming sugar-sweetened drinks increases the risk of developing kidney stones. On the other hand, beverages like coffee, tea, and orange juice are associated with a lower risk of stone formation.
A study published in the European Heart Journal found that long-term outcomes in patients with advanced coronary artery disease are better than expected. The researchers analyzed data from 1,200 consecutive patients with refractory angina and found a low mortality rate of 3.9% at one year and 28.4% at nine years.
Researchers have created a comprehensive map of the tuberculosis protein, allowing scientists to pinpoint specific proteins and discover new ones. This resource may aid in the development of new therapies and early detection methods, targeting the main target for medication: pathogen proteins.
Researchers have developed maps that predict climatically suitable habitats for tree species based on climate predictions. The study found that populations of wide-ranging tree species lag behind their optimal growing environment due to changing temperature and precipitation conditions.
Two studies published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that chemokine stimulation is not required for T cell migration to transplanted organs. Instead, immune-stimulating proteins expressed by the organ direct T cells to migrate. Additionally, researchers identified a protein called TRAIL that causes cell death and can be...
A strong X1.2 class solar flare was detected on May 14, 2013, with a non-Earth-directed CME caused by the flare. The CME is traveling at speeds of up to 745 miles per second and may impact spacecraft in its path.
Drs. Yueming Li and Lennart Mucke have made significant contributions to understanding Alzheimer's disease mechanisms, identifying underlying processes that impair cognitive functions. Their work has led to promising new directions for treatment, including targeting gamma-secretase activity and modulating protein interactions.
A team of researchers is studying the protein structure and reaction dynamics of a key photosynthesis catalyst. They aim to understand the intermediate stages necessary for the oxidation of water, which could help develop sustainable solar energy solutions.
The new institute will offer sabbatical placements to top academics, advancing theoretical basic research and enhancing ETH's academic base. The fellows will work alongside experienced researchers, providing additional stimulation and enrichment.
Living cells process information via signalling molecules and use negative feedback to reduce noise, with almost half of regulatory molecules regulating their own expression through biochemical reactions.
Scientists have developed a new flame retardant coating that reduces heat release and prevents foam dripping, making it a safer alternative for upholstered furniture. The coating is made with a relatively benign polymer and creates a gas blanket, preventing oxygen from fueling fires.
A University of Missouri study found that simvastatin, a cholesterol-lowering drug, impairs the positive effects of exercise on fitness levels in obese adults. The study measured cardiorespiratory fitness and skeletal muscle mitochondrial content in participants taking statins while exercising.
Scientists have discovered ancient pockets of water that contain abundant chemicals known to support life, similar to those found on Mars. The study's findings may force us to rethink which parts of our planet are fit for life, and could reveal clues about how microbes evolve in isolation.