Researchers at the University of Iowa found that pigeons can learn and solve complex string tasks using computerized touch screens. The birds demonstrated accuracy rates of up to 90% in solving various string configurations.
The HS3 mission will explore tropical cyclones of Cape Verde origins, including Hurricane Nadine in 2012. Researchers hope to obtain a more complete data set to better understand hurricane formation and intensity changes.
A randomized clinical trial found that higher-dose radiotherapy did not improve overall survival in patients with stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. The study suggested that a standard dose of 60Gy is superior to 74Gy, and that adaptive radiotherapy may be more effective.
Researchers harness advanced atomic force microscopy to track nanomedicine effects on patients, revealing potential benefits in drug delivery and safety. The technique helps identify nanoparticle accumulation and tissue stiffness, offering insights into nanotoxicology and its impact on patient health.
A study by Connie Svob and Norman Brown found that people are more likely to remember transitional moments from their life stories, such as promotions or pets. The researchers identified distinct elements or life markers that separated the two groups of participants, suggesting a positive predisposition to detect and remember change.
Researchers have successfully re-created the long-lost colors of treasured ivory carvings from ancient Phoenicia, using a non-destructive testing technology. The findings shed new light on the artistic techniques used by Phoenician craftsmen and could be applied to other valuable objects, such as the Elgin Marbles.
A new study concludes that nuclear power has prevented about 1.84 million air pollution-related deaths and released 64 billion tons of greenhouse gases since 1971. By mid-century, nuclear power could prevent up to 7 million additional deaths and 240 billion tons of emissions.
A study analyzed 167 children with sports-related facial fractures, finding nasal fractures accounted for 40%, followed by eye fractures at 34%. The data may aid in efforts to prevent facial fractures in young athletes through proper supervision and face protective equipment.
Researchers found that reducing ataxin-1 protein levels by 20% can significantly delay onset of spinocerebellar ataxia 1 (SCA1) symptoms. A molecular pathway modulated to reduce toxic protein levels may provide a therapeutic approach for this devastating inherited condition.
The study analyzes benefits and risks of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors (coxibs), finding that naproxen may have the best benefit-to-risk ratio on cardiovascular disease, while high-dose diclofenac and ibuprofen pose comparable vascular risks.
Scientists at the University of Liverpool and Callaghan Innovation have developed a new chemical approach to harness the natural ability of complex sugars to treat Alzheimer's disease. They produced a library of sugars called heparan sulphates, which can inhibit an enzyme that creates small proteins in the brain causing memory loss.
Researchers found a chemical that interferes with mosquito proteins, causing kidney failure and affecting flight capabilities. The discovery may lead to the development of new insecticides for combating malaria and dengue fever.
Chimpanzees and bonobos display negative emotional responses to failed risk-taking decisions, including vocalizations and tantrums. The apes' emotional responses are influenced by individual differences and species-specific traits.
Researchers reconstructed Arctic circulation through sediments and found that protactinium was being swept out of the Arctic before settling to the bottom. This suggests that the water couldn't have been stagnant, contradicting assumptions about the impact of the last ice age on global ocean currents. The study's findings indicate that...
Researchers have developed a new resin that can be molded into complex, highly conductive 3-D structures with features just a few micrometers across. The resin holds promise for making customized electrodes for fuel cells or batteries, as well as biosensor interfaces for medical uses.
The EORTC trial 26951 found that CpG island methylator phenotype status and MGMT promoter methylation are key factors in determining which patients benefit from PCV chemotherapy. The study suggests that other molecularly defined subsets of grade III tumors may also respond to treatment.
A systematic analysis reveals that 3.9 billion people globally are affected by oral conditions, with untreated caries being the most widespread. The study estimates 15 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to oral conditions worldwide.
Recent progress toward developing effective gene therapies for regenerative surgery has shown promising results in growing skin, bone, and other tissues. However, translating experimental gene therapy methods into clinical trials remains a difficult challenge due to technical and cost-effective issues.
New research by psychologists at the universities of Kent, Magdeburg and Cambridge has shown that some people can intentionally suppress unwanted memories and control their brain activity, thereby abolishing brain activity related to remembering. This finding has major implications for brain activity guilt detection tests.
The Purdue University R.B. Wetherill Laboratory of Chemistry has been recognized as a National Historic Chemical Landmark by the American Chemical Society (ACS) for its 80-plus years of service as a center for education and cutting-edge research. The laboratory, which has educated generations of chemists and chemical engineers, includi...
Astronomers have observed a spinning neutron star slowing down and spinning at a faster rate, providing clues to understand these dense objects. The discovery has important implications for understanding the extreme physical conditions present within neutron stars.
A recent study by USC Marshall School of Business professor Scott S. Wiltermuth found that segmenting rewards into arbitrary categories increases motivation. Participants worked longer on tasks when rewards were separated into categories, as they felt they would miss out on potential benefits if they didn
Disturbed body image in anorexia nervosa influences both conscious and unconscious actions, with affected individuals rotating their shoulders to fit through a doorway even when it's not necessary. Current therapeutic interventions should target the body in action to improve the experience of body size.
A new study finds that Mexican American children of authorized immigrant mothers have a 2-year advantage in educational attainment compared to those whose mothers entered the country illegally. The legacy effects of grandparents' unauthorized status contribute to this gap.
A University of Alberta sociology researcher identified key characteristics of people who use cellphones while driving, emphasizing social pressure and education as critical in curbing this behavior. The study found that males, those in the 35-44 age group, and lower-income earners are more likely to use their phones behind the wheel.
Researchers found that sucralose increased insulin and blood sugar levels in severely obese people without diabetes. This study suggests that artificial sweeteners may have more significant effects on metabolism than previously thought.
Scientists have determined the precise chemical structure of the HIV capsid using a combination of laboratory techniques and computational simulations. The resulting structure revealed 216 protein hexagons and 12 protein pentagons, which work together to form the cone-shaped capsid.
A new test can identify pregnant women at risk of developing gestational diabetes by measuring biomarker levels during the first trimester. Women with elevated levels of the soluble (pro)renin receptor were more likely to develop gestational diabetes.
The EORTC 62024 trial found that adjuvant imatinib impacts short-term freedom from relapse in patients with localized, surgically resected, high/intermediate-risk GIST. The trial showed a non-statistically significant trend in favor of the adjuvant arm for Imatinib failure-free survival.
A meta-analysis of 639 trials shows that higher-dose NSAIDs like diclofenac and ibuprofen are associated with increased risks of heart disease and fatal heart attacks. The study suggests that the size of these risks can be predicted, helping physicians choose safer NSAID regimens for patients.
A recent study found that practicing meditation and stretching can help relieve PTSD symptoms in nurses by regulating stress hormone levels. Cortisol levels responded favorably to mind-body exercises, decreasing PTSD symptoms by 41% in those who participated.
A team of researchers at Lund University has identified the molecular mechanism behind the formation of Alzheimer's disease-causing plaques. The discovery reveals a self-perpetuating and autocatalytic process that creates cell-killing formations, potentially paving the way for new treatments targeting early stages of the disease.
A new international study found that prolonged, intense initial treatment in children with multi-system Langerhans cell histiocytosis (MS-LCH) can achieve survival rates as high as 84 percent. The study also showed a significant reduction in disease reactivation rate compared to shorter treatment periods.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a high-efficiency zinc-air battery with improved catalytic activity and durability, paving the way for a low-cost alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries.
Researchers created a 'cytophilic' wound dressing material that attracts new cells needed for healing, mimicking the underside of scabs. In laboratory experiments, human cells attached quickly to the membrane, suggesting its potential in rapid wound healing.
Researchers analyzed cerebrospinal fluid and plasma samples from patients with no cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. They detected significant changes in metabolic pathways related to mitochondrial function, validating blood as a reliable source for biomarker development.
IRIS will provide high-resolution images and spectra to unravel the interface region, allowing scientists to track solar material as it is accelerated and heated. The mission enables the observation of temperature ranges from 5,000 to 10 million kelvins.
Researchers created a mathematical model to estimate goal-scoring potential based on individual qualities, extrinsic factors and intrinsic abilities. The study revealed Messi ranks sixth in overall performance among top strikers.
A 16-year-old student, Matthew Lara, will present his research on the predictors of survival for younger patients with non-small-cell lung cancer at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) meeting. His study found that younger patients tend to have better survival rates than older patients.
A study published in PRS Global Open found that the weight of tissue flaps used in breast reconstruction significantly increases the risk of fat necrosis. Flaps weighing over 650 grams had a higher risk of fat necrosis, with African American women being at nearly 12 times higher risk than Caucasian women.
A new study found that social influences, including spouse and coworker encouragement, employer support, and community bike-friendliness, significantly impact active commuting. However, factors like age, BMI, and lack of on-street bike lanes also negatively influence active commuting.
The guideline advises that taking aspirin or warfarin before dental procedures, cataract surgery, and dermatologic procedures is likely safe. However, patients undergoing procedures like retinal surgery or orthopaedic hip procedures may experience increased bleeding risk.
Research suggests that sleep plays a crucial role in consolidating emotional memories in healthy children but not those with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Brain activity during sleep may exacerbate emotional problems in children with ADHD.
A recent study found that just three short high-intensity sessions per week can significantly improve the fitness of inactive men. VO2max increased by 10% in one group and 13% in another after a 10-week training session.
Researchers found that standard strategies to prevent venous thromboembolism and pulmonary embolism are more effective than temporary blood clot filters. Higher doses of blood thinners in obese patients also showed no significant difference in preventing clots, according to the study.
Researchers detected a magnetar suddenly rotate slower, dubbed an 'anti-glitch', revealing puzzling behavior in the internal structure of neutron stars. This finding may lead to renewed progress in understanding these exotic objects.
In a large, international randomized trial, initial radiotherapy was compared to temozolomide chemotherapy. No significant difference in progression-free survival was observed between the two treatment strategies, with radiotherapy numerically favored. Molecular tumor characterization may allow personalized treatment approaches.
Researchers at UC San Diego identified apoA-I binding protein as a key player in regulating blood vessel growth by removing excess cholesterol from endothelial cells. This process inhibits angiogenesis and can help prevent tumor growth.
A team led by Peijun Zhang has described the 4-million-atom structure of HIV's capsid protein shell, revealing critical molecular interactions that could lead to new treatments. The findings may enable the development of drugs that disrupt the shell's assembly or disassembly, potentially stopping the virus from replicating.
Scientists at Queen's University will develop new methods of disease detection and treatment using MicroRNAs, a potential breakthrough in diagnosis. The Institute for Global Food Security is also exploring food crops containing drugs to treat tropical diseases.
Researchers developed an avatar system to control hallucinations in schizophrenia, showing promise in reducing frequency and severity of episodes. The therapy does not address delusions directly but improves overall effect.
A new study found that 2-year-old children with autism's brain responses to words predicted their linguistic, cognitive, and adaptive skills at ages 4 and 6. Children with less severe social impairments showed similar brain responses as typically developing children.
Researchers genetically engineered mosquitoes, altering their response to odors, including human scent and insect repellent DEET. The study reveals the insects' unique attraction to humans and paves the way for understanding why they are so attracted to humans, potentially leading to new repellants.
A new study suggests that Twitter's future may resemble a broadcast medium, where users read messages from celebrities and corporations rather than writing their own tweets. Mid-range users with moderate follower growth show increased tweeting activity, while high-end users post less as they gain more followers.
A new study in The Lancet details two MERS-CoV cases in France, revealing a longer incubation period than previously thought. The virus was detected in patients through lower respiratory tract samples, and initial negative results should be confirmed with further samples taken days later.
Researchers from New York Medical College and University of California Davis have developed an individualized patient data meta-analysis to report the probability of live birth after in vitro fertilization (IVF) with frozen eggs. The study shows that egg freezing success rates decline with age, with a sharper drop after age 36.
A University of Pittsburgh study found that most medical emergencies on flights are well-treated by passengers and flight attendants, with physicians providing guidance via FAA-required emergency medical kit. In nearly half of calls, physician passengers provided medical assistance, while nurses and EMTs helped in another 28 percent.
Researchers have demonstrated a new type of quantum phenomenon called Klein tunnelling for two interacting particles. By crossing an energy barrier together, the particles can tunnel through what would otherwise be impassable to individual particles.
Researchers developed a novel approach to make ovarian cancer cells susceptible to an antitumor drug, potentially improving treatment outcomes. The strategy targets telomeres and shows promise in treating other epithelial cancers.
A comprehensive study by UCLA researchers found that children with ADHD who take medications like Ritalin are not at greater risk of using alcohol, marijuana, nicotine, or cocaine later in life. The study analyzed over 2,500 children and concluded that medication use has no significant association with future substance abuse.
A recent study by Brigham Young University found that employees who exhibit a strong belief in a brand's mission or cause become more influential in important company circles. Those who simply focus on their job performance without being invested in the organization's mission tend to be less influential.
A new study finds that women who experienced childhood abuse are more likely to have a food addiction, with eight percent meeting the criteria for food addiction. Women who experienced both physical and sexual abuse in childhood had an even higher likelihood of developing food addiction.
Women with thyroid disorders face higher risks of complications such as preterm birth and preeclampsia. The study found that women with underactive or overactive thyroids were more likely to develop gestational diabetes and have a higher rate of cesarean delivery.
A Stanford-led study suggests that Hawaiian green sea turtles are still far from recovering to their historic levels, with 80% of major nesting sites having disappeared. The research analyzed historical and current data, revealing a significant decline in the population's geographic range and abundance.
Research suggests that living in a poor neighborhood as an adolescent increases the risk of getting chlamydia in young adulthood. A study published in Journal of Urban Health found that children who grew up in disadvantaged areas had a higher risk of contracting the bacterial infection, even if they didn't experience other risk factors.
A recent study has found that physicians are often poorly informed about the side effects of prescription drugs, with medical sales reps dominating discussions and rarely disclosing serious risks. The research highlights a concerning trend in the pharmaceutical industry's information practices.
Researchers at Monash University have identified a sub-group of cells that can contribute to prostate cancer recurrence, opening up new treatment options. These previously unidentified cells are potential targets for future therapies and may be targeted before the cancer reaches an incurable stage.
Increasing crop water productivity could feed an additional 110 million people while meeting domestic water demands of nearly 1.4 billion, according to a new study. The research team analyzed 16 staple crops globally, identifying opportunities for improving trade-off between food and water.
Researchers found synapses get stronger initially but then quickly weaken through a transitional phase, making them more vulnerable to further stimulation. This discovery suggests ways to control learning by manipulating biochemical pathways that maintain memory.
Astronomers detected a neutron star's abrupt slow-down with NASA's Swift observatory, which is an unprecedented event. The discovery of the 'anti-glitch' neutron star named 1E2259+586 has significant implications for understanding pure physics in extreme conditions.
Hernia surgery appears cost-effective, with an average cost per QALY of £1,881, and patients report greater health benefit after keyhole surgery than open surgery. The study challenges the idea that hernia surgery has low clinical value.
Researchers at Rice and Penn State universities have created solar cells using block copolymers, which outperform other polymer compounds as active elements. The new cells reach about 3% efficiency, surprisingly better than previous labs have achieved.
A study by Griffith University Climate Change Response Program finds that planting trees does not offset fossil fuel CO2 emissions, highlighting the urgent need to rethink land management practices. Protecting natural forests and restoring degraded ecosystems are crucial components of the solution.
A genetic rogue element known as chimeric transcript LCT13 is linked to the silencing of a tumor suppressor gene TFPI-2, promoting cancer invasion and metastasis. The study suggests that 'junk DNA' can interfere with normal cell function, providing new insights into cancer progression.
Researchers develop a gene therapy that gives mice complete protection against lethal strains of H5N1 and H1N1 flu virus, including the infamous 1918 flu. The treatment involves expressing a broadly neutralizing antibody in nasal epithelial cells, providing substantial reductions in flu replication and virus load.
Researchers at the University of Missouri School of Medicine have discovered a potential cure for Type 1 diabetes by combining adult stem cells with a new drug. The discovery reveals that blood vessels are essential for insulin production and repairing them can help restore insulin-making cells.
Researchers applied a novel method to assess extinction risk for bird species in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, revealing two distinct groups: those with severe and mild fragmentation impacts. Out of 58 severely fragmented species, 28 are not currently considered threatened.
The first lab study of deep-sea vent worms, called Alvinella pompejana, reveals that they do not experience long-term exposures to temperatures above 50 C in their natural environment. The temperature optimum for survival is well over 42 C, making them one of the most heat-loving animals known.
The HS3 mission will investigate hurricane formation and intensity change in the Atlantic Ocean basin using two unmanned Global Hawk aircraft. The aircraft will be equipped with advanced instruments to measure eyewall and rainband winds, precipitation, and atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles.
A healthy Nordic diet is shown to lower cholesterol levels and reduce inflammation associated with pre-diabetes. The diet's emphasis on local produce, whole grains, and lean protein sources contributes to its benefits.
Traumatic brain injuries generate toxic tau oligomers that cause nerve cells to clump together and spread to other parts of the brain. These damaging protein assemblages can contribute to memory deficits, seizures, and disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle.
The University of Huddersfield has published the first academic book to address child sexual abuse in the Caribbean. The book draws from previously unpublished material and explores nuanced conceptual, cultural, and social behaviours underpinning the issue.
Researchers found that using germ-killing soap and ointment on all ICU patients was more effective than other strategies, reducing bloodstream infections and MRSA presence by up to 44%. The study also showed the approach could prevent infections caused by germs other than MRSA.
A study by UCLA Center for Health Policy Research found that Californians with chronic conditions who have a regular doctor coordinating their care are more likely to get flu shots and receive preventive treatment. This 'medical home' model can help prevent chronic health conditions and reduce healthcare spending.
Researchers have identified a key gene in honey bees that enables them to learn and remember how to find food and navigate back to the hive. The Egr gene plays a crucial role in learning and novelty detection in both humans and insects.
Researchers at Griffith University have demonstrated that particle properties can be measured simultaneously with high precision, challenging the long-held idea that this is impossible. The findings provide an important advance in the quantitative understanding and experimental verification of complementarity.
Researchers found that 70% of stars in a globular cluster do not undergo the final nuclear burning and mass-loss phase, contradicting previous theories. The team discovered that these stars have low levels of sodium, suggesting a link between sodium content and stellar evolution.
A study found that radiation oncology received only 1.6% of the $30.9 billion in NIH-funded grants for cancer research in FY 2013. This disparity highlights an urgent need for increased funding to improve patient survival and treatment outcomes.
Wildfires in Siberia have been reported across two regions, with multiple hotspots detected by NASA's MODIS satellite. The Kosmosnimki website reports a total of 85 outbreaks in the Suntarsky Ulus region and 237 outbreaks in the Kobjajsky ulus region.
A University of North Carolina study found that 47% of medical decisions in radiation oncology were made without available randomized clinical trial data. This highlights the need for well-designed observational studies and alternative clinical trial designs to inform patient care.
A new federal law has protected young adults, their families, and hospitals from the financial consequences of serious medical emergencies. The study found that $147 million in nondiscretionary medical care was newly covered by private insurance.
A new formula predicts when brain haemorrhage patients need surgery for the best outcome, helping ensure the right treatment at the right time. This study aims to improve patient survival rates and independence.
A study by Penn State and University of California, Irvine researchers found that Mexican American mothers' formal immigration status impacts their children's and grandchildren's educational attainment. Unauthorized immigrant mothers' children lag behind in education compared to authorized immigrant mothers' and U.S.-born mothers' chil...
A study published in Nature found that 70% of stars with high sodium content fail to reach the final red giant phase. This discovery challenges previous assumptions about the life cycle of low-mass stars, including our Sun.
A study of small dams in China found that they can pose a greater threat to ecosystems and natural landscapes than large dams. The research team surveyed habitat loss and damage at several dam sites, revealing that the environmental harm from small dams was often greater, sometimes by several orders of magnitude.