The Entomological Foundation awards Dr. John Acorn the Entomological Foundation Medal of Honor for his preeminence in the field through outstanding contributions. The foundation also recognizes Dr. Douglas B. Walsh's efforts in integrated pest management, resulting in a reduction of over 100,000 pounds of insecticide use annually.
Scientists have identified several natural ingredients with potential health benefits, including curcumin, which inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis. Other compounds found in ginger, cranberries, and olive oil also show promise in reducing the risk of heart disease and cancer.
Researchers at Columbia University have won a $5.25 million NIH grant to develop a new single molecule electronic DNA sequencing platform that could reduce genome sequencing costs to $100. The platform uses nucleic acid chemistry, electronics, and protein engineering to sequence DNA in real-time.
A new method for producing nootkatone, extracted from grapefruit, could lead to the development of more effective and affordable insect repellents. The ingredient has been shown to repel mosquitoes, ticks, and other insects with a broad-spectrum effect.
Li Qian, an assistant professor at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine, has received a New Scholar in Aging Award from the Ellison Medical Foundation. The award provides four years of funding to support her research on regenerating or repairing injured heart cells.
A new study reveals how maize plants regulate stem cell activity through a functional interaction between a G protein and an unexpected class of cell-surface receptors. The research, led by Professor David Jackson, provides insights into the CLAVATA signaling pathway and has implications for increasing crop yields.
A study published in Vaccine suggests that genetically engineered malaria parasites can be used as a vaccine to protect against infection. The attenuated parasites, which are stunted through precise gene deletions, induce robust immune responses that provide long-lasting protection.
Researchers Struck and Elmegreen found that the gravitational pull of young galaxy clumps is responsible for the smooth universal brightness profile in older disk galaxies. This process takes a few hundred million years to a few billion years, scattering stars from their original orbits.
Researchers investigate toxicology of alternate fuels, finding emissions from biodiesel vehicles are less mutagenic than petroleum-based diesel. The symposium also discusses human health effects of biofuels and engine changes with changing fuels.
Jean B. Owen, PhD, receives the highest honor from ASTRO for her extensive work in establishing and analyzing benchmarks for optimal care in radiation oncology. Her contributions include developing clinical performance measures and survey processes to improve quality of care nationwide.
The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons has released a list of five targeted, evidence-based recommendations to support conversations between patients and physicians about necessary care. The recommendations aim to reduce waste and overuse in the healthcare system by identifying unnecessary tests and procedures in orthopaedics.
A new protein in Australian tarantula venom has been found to be highly toxic to the cotton bollworm, a major pest affecting crop yields. The orally active insecticidal peptide-1 (OAIP-1) shows potency similar to synthetic insecticides, offering potential for bioinsecticide applications.
Researchers have explored using terahertz radiation to detect early signs of melanoma, which starts in pigment-producing cells beneath the skin. T-rays can penetrate a few millimeters through cloth and skin, allowing for biochemical signatures of cancer to be detected, potentially leading to earlier diagnosis and treatment.
A new study published in PLOS ONE reveals that copper and copper alloys rapidly destroy norovirus, a highly-infectious sickness bug responsible for over 267 million cases worldwide. Copper surfaces can effectively shut down one avenue of infection, reducing the risk of outbreaks.
The CU-Boulder student-built DANDE satellite will investigate atmospheric density variations in the thermosphere, affecting satellite orbits and drag forces. Launched on Sept. 15, it will gather data for about one and a half years to improve models of the atmosphere.
A new Johns Hopkins research study reveals that nearly 80% of trauma centers treating predominantly minority patients have higher-than-expected death rates. Meanwhile, trauma patients of all races are 40% less likely to die if treated at hospitals with lower-than-expected mortality rates, which mostly serve white patients.
Researchers found that patients with Auto-Activation Deficit could dream when awakened from REM sleep, even if they seemed mentally blank during the day. The dreams were simple and lacked complexity, but still demonstrated brainstem stimulation's role in generating dream imagery.
A recent study found that people who are obese are more likely to experience occasional migraines, with obese individuals being 81% more likely to have episodic migraine. The research suggests that promoting healthy lifestyle choices for diet and exercise may be beneficial in managing episodic migraine.
Exposure to ionizing radiation during puberty increases the risk of developing aggressive ER negative breast cancers later in life. Researchers discovered that self-renewal of stem cells is the primary mechanism behind this increased risk.
Researchers developed a new program to simulate protein movements by exploiting similarities with robot arms, enabling faster and cheaper analysis. The project combines mechanical engineering and biosciences, aiming to understand protein movement and its potential applications in diseases.
A new gene-expression-based biomarker, the Breast Cancer Index (BCI), accurately identifies patients at continued risk of breast cancer recurrence after five years of treatment. The BCI distinguishes between high and low-risk patients, enabling prolonged treatment for those who remain at risk and avoiding unnecessary side effects.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine have found that transplanting fat into mice with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) significantly lowers amino acid levels, a breakthrough for treating this rare inherited disorder. The procedure may also be effective for other metabolic diseases.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have developed an antibody that prevents Candida albicans from binding to heparin, stopping biofilm formation in a rat model. The study suggests that standard anticoagulants may facilitate biofilm formation by microbes, highlighting the need for new prevention strategies.
Wild male orangutans demonstrate remarkable planning skills by facing their intended travel direction and emitting specific vocalizations before embarking on journeys. Females within earshot often follow these planned paths, while subordinate males tend to avoid similar routes.
Wind shear significantly altered the rainfall pattern of Tropical Storm Gabrielle, with intense storms southeast of Bermuda receiving heavy rain. The storm is expected to weaken due to continued wind shear, which disrupts the heat engine and tilts the circulation center.
A new system enables cloud customers to quickly verify the proper execution of their software, protecting against malicious code and ensuring data privacy. The system uses a practical, succinct zero-knowledge proof that can fit in a single data packet.
The PsA-TT vaccine has been shown to dramatically reduce the incidence of all cases of meningitis by 94% and eliminate serogroup A meningococcal meningitis in vaccinated regions. Carriage of the disease-causing bacteria was also significantly reduced.
A computer system called MACH helps users practice social interactions, including eye contact, tone of voice, and filler words. Students who practiced with MACH demonstrated an improvement in interviews compared to the control group, suggesting its potential for addressing behavioral health issues.
A public opinion poll reveals a significant disparity between medical experts and the general public regarding the need to cut Medicare spending. While many experts believe future spending reductions are necessary, only 31% of the public agrees, with most believing Medicare recipients already pay or have prepaid their healthcare costs.
Researchers discovered that levels of certain fats in cerebral spinal fluid can predict cognitive decline in HIV patients. The findings suggest that these fat markers reflect changes in brain metabolism, disrupting the 'garbage disposals' and leading to cognitive declines.
Researchers found that high levels of miR-200 expression boost survival rates for patients with lung, ovarian, renal, and triple-negative breast cancers. MicroRNAs regulate gene activation and expression, and targeting IL-8 and CXCL1 can inhibit angiogenesis and cancer progression.
Chemists at Scripps Research Institute have found a way to apply the SN2 reaction to a stubborn class of chemicals, enabling the synthesis of promising antimalarial and anticancer compounds that were previously off limits. The new method uses a special acid catalyst and nitrogen-containing molecule to complete stereoinversion reactions.
Researchers used a new technique to analyze proteins in an animal model of the rare birth defect, finding hundreds of changes and shedding light on cell death mechanisms. The study provides insights into factors causing SLOS and could be applied to other diseases.
Cloud forest trees are highly sensitive to climate change due to their narrow temperature range, making them vulnerable to migration and population loss. Conservation strategies may need to be revised to protect these ecosystems from massive population decline.
Defective stem cell regulation throughout the body may contribute to learning and physical disabilities in people with Down syndrome. Reducing the expression of the Usp16 gene on chromosome 21 alleviates these defects and raises the possibility of an eventual therapy.
Wildfires in Cordoba province, Argentina, cause evacuation of 480 people due to strong winds and heat. Firefighters struggle with flames, one man seriously injured after being struck by a tree.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers finds that insufficient estrogen is partly responsible for some age-related symptoms in men. Testosterone levels regulate lean body mass, muscle size and strength, while estrogen regulates fat accumulation.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, have identified a biochemical mechanism that makes cholera toxin so deadly. By weakening cell junctions and increasing sodium ion flow, the toxin causes severe diarrhea. The study's findings could guide the development of new therapies against cholera and other intestinal disorders.
Researchers developed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy to analyze kerogen maturity stages. By applying this non-destructive method, they found relationships between kerogen optical constants and maturity stages, enabling the detection of oil-generating stages.
A new technology from the University of Calgary destroys hazardous chemical compounds in soil using UV light, promising a safer and cheaper way to clean up PCBs. The mobile cleanup unit is ready for field-testing on PCB-contaminated soil and estimates to cost $350 to $500 per tonne.
Researchers discovered three major river systems that likely existed in North Africa 130,000-100,000 years ago, creating fertile habitats for animals and vegetation. The Irharhar river may have been a viable route for human migration across the region.
Researchers found Pacific humpback whales increasing annually, doubling to 137 whales in 2011, with high survival rates among adults. The study highlights the importance of conservation efforts due to increased vulnerability during critical refueling stages.
New research shows hydroxyurea treatment can lower medical costs for children with sickle cell disease by preventing complications and reducing hospitalizations. The study found that children treated with hydroxyurea incurred $3,000 less in medical costs per year compared to those who received standard therapy plus placebo.
Researchers developed a new system to test how viruses interact with cells in the body, revealing insights that will improve viral therapy. The technology allows for the use of real viruses in real environments, enabling scientists to study host targets for antiviral drugs.
Scientists have found a unique DNA repair mechanism that leads to increased genetic mutations, potentially contributing to tumor formation and cancer. This 'desperation replication' triggers bursts of genetic instability and can occur in non-dividing cells, making it a potential route for cancer formation.
A study by UC Davis researchers has found that wild Asian elephants retreat from both leopard and tiger growls, which could help Indian farmers protect their crops from elephant raids. The work aims to prevent conflicts between human farmers and elephant herds, resulting in the loss of human and animal lives.
The Rim Fire remains active in multiple drainages and is expected to spread into Yosemite Wilderness areas. The fire is 80% contained over 255,000 acres affected, making it California's largest fire of the season.
Researchers found that messenger RNA expression affects bitter taste sensitivity in individuals with the same genetic makeup. The study discovered a direct relationship between mRNA expression and bitterness ratings of broccoli juice.
Researchers from CNIO successfully produce embryonic stem cells directly from living adult mice, exhibiting primitive totipotent characteristics and broader differentiation capacity than in vitro-derived cells.
Researchers found that oxytocin plays a unique role in one-on-one bonding, which likely evolved from an existing affinity for group living. The discovery has implications for neurological disorders like autism and suggests possible new treatments for neuropsychiatric conditions.
A new study finds that climate change affects poor fishing communities differently based on social and environmental characteristics, requiring tailored management approaches. Communities with diverse livelihoods and strong social networks are more resilient to climate-related pressures.
A study presents findings that obesity and cigarette smoke exposure can have a triple health threat, impacting key mechanisms of metabolism in the lung and liver. The combination may alter the body's ability to metabolize prescription drugs, increasing the risk of developing lung cancer.
Research suggests that external changes can impact the strength and timing of El Niño events. Over 4,300 years, the ENSO cycle has changed due to natural influences on the Earth's climate, such as variations in its orbit around the sun.
A new study calculates the environmental cost of a ton of mountaintop coal, finding that it pollutes 2,300km of Appalachian streams and loses 193g of carbon sequestration potential. This translates to a staggering 5,000 years for reclaimed mine land to capture equivalent CO2.
A new study by QUT researcher Associate Professor Anna Hawkes found that regular telephone support improved physical activity, weight management and diet among bowel cancer survivors. The CanChange program showed significant positive effects on health behaviors after a 12-month trial.
Research suggests that as few as 20 Asian carp could establish a population in the Great Lakes, posing significant threats to native fish species and the ecosystem. The invasive fish's rapid growth rate and size advantage over native species make it a formidable competitor for food and space.
Researchers observed orangutans planning their travel direction up to a day in advance and communicating these plans through loud calls. The males used specific long calls to announce changes in travel direction and even predicted the direction better than random until the next day.
Researchers at NASA and the University of Florida create single fixation protocol to study plant growth in space, allowing analysis of both molecular and morphological features. The new method uses RNA later and low-temperature scanning electron microscopy to preserve tissues without damage.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that brachytherapy was associated with better cause-specific survival and overall survival in women with cervical cancer. The treatment's decline in the US may be related to increased adoption of alternative techniques.
The SHIVA trial is the first randomised trial to look at patient outcomes after treatments were chosen according to individual molecular profiles. Preliminary results show that this approach works, paving the way for personalized treatment and a potential major change in cancer drug development.
A recent Duke University-led study found that climate change is causing trees to speed up their life cycles, rather than migrating to cooler climates. Most species are staying in their current geographic locations, but growing more rapidly due to warmer temperatures and longer growing seasons.
A recent study near Hanoi confirms that massive pumping of groundwater is slowly contaminating clean aquifers with naturally occurring arsenic. The research suggests that human activity can widen the problem, and similar processes may be underway in other areas around the world.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have discovered a crucial link between elevated uterine NK cells and deficient steroid production. Elevated NK cells indicate reduced formation of essential fats and vitamins necessary for pregnancy nutrition.
Two NASA satellites, Aqua and TRMM, analyzed Hurricane Humberto's environment on Sept. 10, gathering data on cloud-top temperatures and rainfall rates. The heaviest rainfall was found west of the storm's center, with rates reaching up to 2 inches per hour.
Using an airbrush, researchers can grow vertically aligned carbon nanofibers on several metal substrates, opening the door for incorporating these nanofibers into gene delivery devices, sensors, batteries and other technologies. The technique enables large-scale manufacturing processes, making it suitable for various applications.
The Entomological Society of America recognized Elina Lastro Niño, Kumaran Nagalingam, Lisa Overall, and Paul Michael Bardunias with various awards for their research and contributions to the field of entomology. The winners were announced at the 2013 ESA meeting.
Researchers found that positive selection often act on residues adjacent to critical active sites, allowing for the acquisition of new functions without disrupting native folding structure. This mechanism may be a general pathway for functional diversification of enzyme families.
The City College of New York has received a $1.5 million grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse to train researchers in addiction studies. The TRACC program aims to increase diversity among scientists and provide intensive training in interdisciplinary research skills.
A comprehensive study reveals that the longevity of placement is key to achieving positive outcomes for children in care, regardless of the type of placement. The research also highlights challenges faced by adoptive parents and birth families in discussing past history and family relationships.
A study by Oregon State University researchers found that autistic toddlers and preschoolers with better motor skills were more adept at socializing and communicating. Motor skills development is crucial for social skills, and the study highlights the importance of addressing this deficit in early interventions.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University have developed an HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate that appears to completely clear the AIDS-causing virus from the body. The vaccine uses a modified form of cytomegalovirus to generate T-cells capable of targeting and eliminating infected cells.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that higher aerobic fitness levels in 9-10-year-olds are linked to better recall of learned information. The study suggests that reducing physical education may not be the best way to ensure educational success among young people.
Researchers at the University of Miami discovered a global ecology of interacting robots that trade on global markets at speeds too fast for humans. These ultrafast algorithms create extreme events, such as crashes and spikes, in financial markets.
Researchers Charles Weissmann and Adriano Aguzzi received the prestigious Hartwig Piepenbrock-DZNE Prize for their groundbreaking work on prion diseases. Their findings shed light on fundamental mechanisms of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
A new study by Montefiore Medical Center found that low dose oral vancomycin was as effective as high dose in treating serious Clostridium difficile (CDI) infections. Patients treated with low dose vancomycin showed clinical improvements similar to those treated with high dose, and comparable results were seen in secondary endpoints.
A new three-gene biomarker can accurately predict which low-risk prostate cancers will become aggressive, helping doctors determine whether men need active surveillance or invasive treatment. The test has shown promising results in a retrospective study of 43 patients, and further clinical trials are planned.
Researchers have found that methylmercury can directly affect vision by accumulating in the retinal photoreceptors. The study used powerful synchrotron X-rays and methylmercury-poisoned zebrafish larvae to reveal the mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity in developing vertebrates.
A University of Iowa study documents how schizophrenia impacts brain tissue and the effects of anti-psychotic drugs on those with relapses, revealing that medication can lead to lifelong brain damage, while longer psychosis periods are toxic to the brain.
The Entomological Society of America has awarded Monsanto Research Grants and Student Travel Awards to three students: Chelsea Wright, María Cristina Carrasquilla, and Chandra Moffat. The grants will fund their research projects on vector-borne diseases, entomology ecology, and host-associated differentiation.
Two new versions of a technoeconomic model for biofuels, incorporating latest state-of-the-art technologies, simulate critical factors in biorefinery process. The models enable researchers to concentrate efforts on cost-efficient biorefinery operations and explore promising strategies.
Researchers at Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine discovered that cyclin A plays a crucial role in ensuring faithful chromosome segregation during cell division. In contrast to normal cells, cancer cells often fail to correct errors, leading to abnormal numbers of chromosomes and resistance to chemotherapy treatments.
Johns Hopkins researchers reveal how Merlin, a protein involved in tumor suppression, acts as a 'matchmaker' to control tissue growth. By arranging interactions between proteins, Merlin helps prevent cancerous tumors from forming.
The NTA IPM team developed a science-based framework to assess Bt crop risks on beneficial non-target arthropods. Their research and outreach information validated the tier-testing system used by regulatory agencies.
A new study reveals that E. coli bacteria can block a critical pathway in the gut, allowing them to survive and spread, leading to serious complications like kidney damage. The research provides valuable insight into how the gut fights infection and could lead to improved therapies for inflammatory bowel disease.
A study by Ohio State University researcher Zhenchao Qian found American families have taken divergent paths due to increasing inequality. Polarized family outcomes exist among different racial, ethnic, educational, and economic groups. Meanwhile, immigrants are more likely to marry, stay married or remain divorced compared to U.S.-bor...
Researchers from RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies identified a genetic mutation associated with improved survival rates in lung cancer patients who do not smoke. The mutation affects the NRF2 gene, which protects cells from oxidative stress.
Researchers discovered a unique DNA repair mechanism that utilizes a 'desperation strategy' to patch breaks in chromosomes. This process, called break-induced replication, can lead to increased mutagenesis and potentially drive cancer formation.
Researchers found that 8-month-old infants categorize objects as animals and assume they have insides, even when shown hollow ones. This suggests that babies possess a core understanding of biology in addition to physics and psychology.
The Entomological Society of America has named winners of the 2013 student travel grants to attend the Annual Meeting in Austin. The grants, funded by USDA-NIFA, provide financial support for graduate students in entomology.
A large DNA-sequencing study of anorexia nervosa has linked the eating disorder to variants in a gene coding for an enzyme regulating cholesterol metabolism. This finding suggests that anorexia could be caused by disruption in normal cholesterol processing, affecting mood and eating behavior.
A recent study published at the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy found that patients treated with ceftaroline fosamil (CPT-F) for MRSA pneumonia had a significantly lower mortality rate of 13% compared to standard treatment with vancomycin, which has a reported mortality rate of 32% after 28 days.
A study by researchers at Henry Ford Hospital found that patients with longer-lasting chest pain are more likely to have a heart attack. Patients with chest pain of short duration, less than 5 minutes, are unlikely to have a heart attack and have a good prognosis at 30 days.
A large study found that 4% of head-trauma scans have unexpected results, ranging from benign to life-threatening cancers. Doctors should weigh patient rights against financial costs and anxiety when dealing with incidental findings.
A team of researchers from the University of Manchester used next generation sequencing techniques to analyze sub-fossilized insects in copal and found no evidence of ancient DNA. The study suggests that DNA survival in resin inclusions is unlikely, raising doubts about claims of DNA extraction from fossil insects in amber.
C-Voltaics, a University of Houston start-up, won the Young Technology Award for its nanotechnology-based coatings that protect various products from environmental hazards. The company's product has shown significant potential for investment returns and audience interest.
Researchers link brain atrophy to cognitive decline in Type 2 diabetes, challenging previous assumptions. Brain atrophy is found to be the primary cause of cognitive impairment associated with T2DM, exceeding cerebrovascular lesions.
A new meningitis vaccine has been shown to significantly reduce the incidence of all cases of meningitis by 94% and carriage prevalence of the epidemic strain by 98%, according to a recent study. The vaccine was found to be highly effective in vaccinated regions, with no cases of serogroup A meningitis identified.
A new study found that some parts of Europe have experienced a significant warming trend in extreme temperatures, with the hottest days getting 4 times hotter than the global average. This research has important implications for decision-making and planning, highlighting the need for local climate knowledge to address climate change.