Researchers found that dwarf lemurs experience REM sleep at high temperatures, while ground squirrels do not, suggesting a link between temperature and metabolism. The study confirms that hibernation is not a state of dormancy but rather a unique form of sleep.
Researchers found that cortical bone-derived stem cells (CBSCs) triggered the growth of new blood vessels and matured into heart muscle cells, improving survival and heart function in mice. The study challenges the general assumption that cardiac stem cells are the most capable of repairing damaged heart tissue.
Researchers aim to understand factors that make immune cells target the spinal cord and brain, leading to multiple sclerosis (MS). The study will determine the function of specific T cells, how they are generated, and how they can be regulated in model systems of MS and humans.
Two studies found that young adults on the autism spectrum have worse employment outcomes, including lower pay rates, and are less likely to live independently after high school. Despite this, half of young adults with ASDs did become employed, suggesting potential for improvement with effective preparation and support.
Researchers at Yale University have identified a protein that serves as the missing link in the chain of events leading to Alzheimer's disease. Blocking this protein with an existing drug has been shown to restore memory and synaptic density in mouse models of the disease. The findings offer strong hope for developing new treatments.
Researchers found that women infected with chlamydia or gonorrhoea before pregnancy had a heightened risk of stillbirth and premature birth. Despite controlling for other factors, the study suggests that these infections may be an important predictor of adverse obstetric outcomes.
Researchers tracked changes in gene expression to predict kidney damage severity in children with urinary tract obstruction. The study identified specific genes associated with the degree of obstruction, which could help identify children at risk of chronic kidney disease and permanent organ damage.
Studies find radiation therapy for DCIS does not increase cardiovascular disease risk, while MRI scans may be unnecessary. Additionally, most women have inaccurate perceptions of their personal breast cancer risk, sparking the need for better communication between patients and doctors.
Researchers have discovered that the protein Parkin plays a key role in fighting tuberculosis, triggering the destruction of bacteria by immune cells. This finding suggests that strategies already being explored to combat Parkinson's disease may also be effective against tuberculosis.
A new study from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center found that MRI use in women with early breast cancer did not reduce local recurrence or contralateral breast cancer rates. The study, which looked at over 2,300 patients, suggests that the benefits of MRI may be limited to other patient groups.
The use of blood levels of cystatin C strengthens the association between kidney function and risks of death and end-stage renal disease. Cystatin C allows for better staging and risk classification of chronic kidney disease, potentially leading to targeted management and improved patient outcomes.
Researchers used PET scans to identify hypermetabolism in the spine, indicating a potentially reversible phase of degenerative cervical myelopathy. Patients with this marker showed significant improvement after decompressive surgery, while those without exhibited no change.
Researchers aim to understand and address disparities in CRC screenings for African Americans, with a focus on developing effective intervention strategies. The study seeks to compare the effectiveness of narrative and didactic approaches to educating African Americans about screening.
Researchers have developed a new method to clean theories and models of particle physics from uncertainties, making it easier to assess their validity. The approach could lead to the discovery of new physics, which may explain long-standing problems such as dark matter and gravity.
A recent retrospective study found that chemotherapy improves median survival among elderly patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) by more than 6 months. The study analyzed data from 10,428 patients aged 65 and older who received chemotherapy between 1992 and 2001.
The NIH-funded program aims to expand and improve newborn healthcare through genomic sequencing. The four grantees will investigate the use of genome and exome sequencing to diagnose disorders and conditions at birth, as well as their clinical and ethical implications.
A nationwide smoke-free legislation in Greece showed lower secondhand smoke concentrations after the ban, but levels increased again over time. The presence of ashtrays or their equivalents was strongly associated with higher secondhand smoke levels, suggesting that enforcement may be a factor.
A team of astronomers found that butterfly-shaped planetary nebulae are mysteriously aligned in the sky, with their long axes aligned along the plane of our galaxy. This surprising result hints at a more mysterious factor influencing the formation of these objects, possibly due to strong magnetic fields as the bulge formed.
Myocardial interstitial fibrosis is a major therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of heart failure. The FIBRO-TARGETS project will accurately identify key mechanisms involved in fibrosis and define therapeutic approaches to target these mechanisms.
A study published in JAMA Network found that aliskiren, a renin inhibitor, did not slow the progression of coronary artery disease in patients with prehypertension. The treatment had no significant impact on atheroma burden or regression of fatty deposits.
A new study from Washington University in St. Louis finds that IT monitoring can significantly reduce employee theft and fraud in the restaurant industry, resulting in a 7% increase in revenue per restaurant. The study used monitoring software to track sales data of employees and found a 22% drop in theft after implementation.
A recent study at Le Bonheur Children's Hospital found that Pedi-Flite improved outcomes for pediatric diabetic patients, reducing the need for hospital admissions. The system also saved over $760,000 by avoiding 439 ED visits and 115 admissions.
A new review of dozens of studies involving twins found that genetics significantly affect parenting behavior. Children's genetically-influenced characteristics influence how they are parented, with 23% of differences in parenting attributed to a child's genotype.
A study published in Cell identifies a subset of proteins in the brain that persist for longer than a year, potentially revealing the molecular basis of aging. These long-lived proteins are thought to be the 'weakest link' in the aging proteome and may play a role in cellular aging.
The study found that different PCV immunization schedules resulted in similar antibody levels in infants, with some schedules being superior for specific serotypes. The researchers conclude that optimal timing of the primary series is crucial to maintain optimal antibody levels during the period between the primary series and the boost...
A recent study by the European Society of Cardiology found that aliskiren did not improve coronary artery disease progression in patients with prehypertension. However, exploratory findings suggested potential benefits for patients with pre-existing coronary artery disease and blood pressure levels treated to goal.
Researchers have identified a potential new target for breast cancer treatment: ERBB3, an oncogene that promotes tumor growth. The study also found peritoneal dialysis to be effective in reducing brain damage after stroke by lowering glutamate levels.
Researchers at Indiana University found that asexual lineages are more susceptible to extinction due to fast-paced gene conversion processes. This process exposes pre-existing deleterious recessive mutations, contributing to the decline of asexual populations.
A study of nursing students in the UK found that 100% observed lapses in infection prevention and control practices during clinical placements. The most frequently observed events were hand hygiene violations, including failure to clean hands between patients and wearing nail polish or extensions.
A new study from Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center shows that community-supported agriculture (CSA) programs can increase fresh fruit and vegetable access in under-resourced communities. The program provided participants with a weekly box of produce and educational sessions, resulting in increased consumption and satisfaction.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory identified a signature to look for in superconductors, suggesting that fluctuating charge stripes may play a role. The researchers used neutrons to analyze the material's electronic structure and found that the displacements from average structure persisted with increasing temperature.
An animal study shows that sleep increases the reproduction of oligodendrocytes, which form myelin in the brain and spinal cord, doubling their numbers during rapid eye movement sleep. This could lead to new insights into the role of sleep in brain repair and growth.
A multinational study of over 140,000 participants from 17 countries found a significant gap in hypertension detection and control, with only half aware of their diagnosis and one-third being treated effectively. The study highlights the need for substantial improvement in hypertension diagnosis and treatment.
A systematic review of 12 studies confirms a positive impact on cognitive function associated with higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet. However, results for mild cognitive impairment are inconsistent, highlighting the need for further research.
Researchers at BIDMC are investigating a new noninvasive therapy called Spinal Associative Stimulation (SAS) that combines TMS and peripheral nerve stimulation to activate weakened muscles in patients with spinal cord injuries. SAS aims to increase voluntary activation of residual undamaged spinal-cord fibers, promoting clinical recovery.
Researchers at Cardiff University have made a breakthrough in treating acute pancreatitis by reducing calcium flow into pancreatic cells, stopping the root cause of the disease. The study shows promise for developing an effective treatment for this often fatal disease.
A study found that older adults undergoing spinal stenosis surgery are at higher risk of major medical complications. Preoperative factors such as ASA class and spinal fusion significantly increased the risk of heart attack, stroke, pneumonia, and sepsis.
The proposed system combines ultracold trapped ions and fermionic atoms to emulate solid state physics, including the Peierls transition and phonon-mediated interactions. This hybrid system may simulate complex quantum systems beyond current computing power.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has selected 10 outstanding members to receive the Fellow of ASTRO designation. These distinguished individuals have made substantial contributions to the field of radiation oncology through research, education, patient care, and leadership.
A Michigan State University study demonstrates that birds communicate via scents and that odor reliably predicts reproductive success. Researchers found that males with a 'male-like' smell and females with a 'female-like' smell had higher genetic reproductive success, influencing mate selection.
Researchers developed a new method to control genes by targeting transcription, allowing for positive and negative regulation with the same protein. The technique has the potential to enable complex synthetic biology circuits and applications such as disease detection and drug production.
Scientists at the University of Sheffield have identified a synthetic drug, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), that may slow down Parkinson's progression by making faulty mitochondria work normally again. This breakthrough discovery has the potential to improve symptoms and possibly halt disease progression.
A global study has found that many patients don't know they have hypertension and, even if they do, too few are receiving adequate drug therapy for their hypertension. The study found 46.5% of those with hypertension were aware of the diagnosis, while blood pressure was controlled among 32.5% of those being treated.
A new study from the University of Southern California examines how teenagers' online social networking sites influence their smoking and alcohol use. The researchers found that exposure to friends' online pictures of partying or drinking was significantly associated with both smoking and alcohol use.
A University of Missouri study found that posting crisis information on Facebook can improve an organization's public image and reduce perceived severity of the crisis. Researchers measured participants' attitudes before and after exposure to Facebook posts from fictional universities' main accounts.
The AQUARIUS trial found that Aliskiren reduced major cardiovascular events and slowed atherosclerosis progression in patients with prehypertension. The study suggests these patients may benefit from more aggressive treatment of their blood pressure to reduce risk of death, stroke, and heart attack.
Fires burned extensively across Bolivia in late August, fueled by agricultural blazes. The MODIS satellite captured high-resolution images of the infernos, showing thick smoke plumes blocking visibility.
A study of 98,658 Chinese adults found nearly 12% had diabetes and 50% were at risk for prediabetes. The prevalence varied by age, sex, urban vs. rural residence, and economic development.
A study found that iron supplementation among children in a malaria-endemic area did not increase the incidence of malaria. However, hospital admission rates were higher in the iron group compared to the no-iron group.
Researchers discovered a population of neurons in juvenile songbirds that enable the birds to recognize and learn vocal sounds. This finding could provide valuable insights into the neural mechanisms underlying human infant language acquisition.
Researchers successfully resynchronized cardiac motion following a heart attack using engineered stem cells, preventing heart failure. The breakthrough introduces 'biological resynchronization' as a novel means to treat cardiac dyssynchrony.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that nearly 54% of individuals diagnosed with HIV presented late to clinics, with some populations experiencing increased late presentation. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for better health outcomes and reducing the risk of transmission.
A Johns Hopkins study reveals that only 245 robotic surgery complications were reported to the FDA out of 1 million procedures since 2000. The researchers found that many incidents went unreported, and a standardized reporting system is needed to improve safety.
Researchers developed a diagram of the brain circuitry enabling interplay between motor system and auditory system. This discovery could provide insight into schizophrenia and mood disorders, where individuals hear voices others do not.
Employers view visible tattoos as a stigma, perceiving them as making employees look dirty or unsavory. However, certain innocuous symbols like flowers or butterflies are seen as acceptable. The stigma surrounding tattoos is expected to decrease over time as younger generations increasingly get tattoos.
International experts agree on priority areas for preconception care, including cost-effective integration into health programs, increasing healthcare provision through community workers, and reducing tobacco smoke exposure. The goal is to improve pregnancy outcomes by preparing women for optimal health before conception.
Dermatomyositis patients with antibodies against NXP-2 and TIF-1γ have a high risk of cancer, according to new tests developed by researchers. The assays detect these specific proteins in patient blood samples, helping clinicians identify those at highest cancer risk.
A randomized trial found that a fixed-dose combination medication for blood pressure, cholesterol, and platelet control resulted in significantly improved medication adherence after 15 months. The study also showed modest but significant improvements in systolic blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
Researchers at University of Bristol found that removing the carotid body, a small nodule on each carotid artery, reduces blood pressure in rodents with high blood pressure. The discovery has potential to revolutionize treatment for millions suffering from the condition.
Researchers at Penn University have developed a computer model to optimize the properties of metal nanowire networks for flexible touchscreens. The model helps identify the optimal balance between transparency and electrical resistance, leading to improved device performance.