A NOAA research team has located the 1910 shipwreck SS Selja and an unidentified steam tugboat wreck near San Francisco's Golden Gate strait. The team also discovered the 1863 clipper ship Noonday, which was previously obscured by mud and silt.
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that males who received high cumulative doses of chemotherapy drugs are at increased risk of reduced sperm production as adults. The research suggests offering fertility preservation methods like sperm banking to eligible patients.
Researchers discovered a genetic link between changes near the ROBO2 gene and the number of words spoken by children in early stages of language development. The study found significant association between genetic variations and expressive vocabulary in infancy, suggesting a strong role for genetics in early language skills.
A Sam Houston State University study examines the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in policing, identifying key uses and limitations. The review found that while GIS is widely used for crime mapping and profiling, there is a lack of independent evaluations on its effectiveness in curbing crime.
The 36 Pit Fire in Oregon began on September 13, 2014 and is still under investigation. Firefighters have made progress in establishing an anchor point and constructing a fireline on the West and North sides of the fire.
A study found that combination therapy with long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) and inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) is associated with a lower risk of death or COPD hospitalization among older adults with COPD, particularly those with asthma. The therapy also showed promise for patients without asthma.
A new study found that schizophrenia patients have lower levels of nicotine receptors in the brain and experience improved social withdrawal and cognitive function after smoking. Smoking-related increases in nicotine receptors were also associated with better outcomes in these patients.
Kessler Foundation researchers have discovered a link between slowed processing speed and executive deficits in people with multiple sclerosis. The study found that slower processing speed accounted for the observed executive function deficits, suggesting a potential target for cognitive rehabilitation strategies.
The Edge Radiosurgery Suite provides sub-millimeter accuracy with extreme precision in targeting cancer tumors. The study demonstrates its high accuracy, outperforming robot- or frame-based radiosurgery systems, making it a highly effective treatment option for patients.
Typhoon Kalmaegi's center was spotted by NASA's Aqua satellite near northern Hainan Island, China. The storm is making landfall in Northern Vietnam, generating very rough surf and ocean swells up to 22 feet.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have found that PTX3, a protein involved in innate immunity, can reduce mortality from sepsis by protecting endothelial cells from damage. The study's findings suggest that PTX3 may be used to develop a novel therapy for sepsis.
Researchers at University of Missouri have created a water-based nuclear battery that generates electrical energy from radioactive isotopes. The battery uses strontium-90 to boost electrochemical energy in a water-based solution, making it suitable for applications such as spaceflight and emergency equipment.
The Wistar Institute and Penn Medicine have collaborated on a $12.1 million SPORE grant to develop new therapies for melanoma. The goal of this project is to translate fundamental laboratory discoveries into new therapeutics that will benefit patients with melanoma and other skin cancers.
A study published in Nature Medicine has identified a receptor that promotes vascular growth and may prevent blindness in premature babies. The researchers found that activating this receptor can inhibit abnormal blood vessel growth, which is a major cause of retinopathy of prematurity.
Pathogens specifically target highly networked proteins with multiple functions to weaken their host. The plant model Arabidopsis thaliana shows that different pathogens attack the same proteins, suggesting a convergent targeting strategy.
Researchers are using social networks to spread messages about public health knowledge, aiming to close the gap between scientific discoveries and practical applications. A study combining social networks with knowledge about social motives is exploring how to craft effective messages for influential individuals.
Researchers have developed a surface micropattern called Sharklet that mimics shark skin's natural texture, reducing bacterial contamination by up to 94% compared to smooth surfaces. This technology could potentially curb the spread of MRSA and MSSA in hospital settings.
A study in the Journal of Consumer Research found that consumers can extend good experiences and shorten bad ones by categorizing them. By grouping events together, individuals can make pleasurable experiences feel longer and unpleasant ones feel shorter.
A study of fossilized leaves reveals that the meteorite impact that ended the dinosaurs' reign favored fast-growing, deciduous plants. This shift from slow-growing evergreens to fast-growing species indicates that the extinction was not random, but rather a response to the major disturbance caused by the impact.
A new study reveals that news coverage of environmental disasters like the Exxon Valdez 2014 oil spill calms consumer anxieties instead of driving change. The media coverage creates a 'disaster myth' that directs attention to the company responsible, providing a dramatic closure, and distracting from systemic risks.
A study found that single fraction radiation therapy (SFRT) is equally effective as multiple fraction radiation therapy (MFRT) in improving patients' pain, function, and quality of life, including for those with excluded characteristics. The results support the generalizability of prior randomized controlled trials to real-world practice.
A new study reveals peak tornado activity in the central and southern Great Plains of the US is starting and ending earlier than it did half a century ago. The shift in tornado activity could help states in 'Tornado Alley' better prepare for these violent storms, with some states experiencing an average shift of 14 days compared to 1954.
Research found patients with DPN display greater extremes in balance sway and variability during stair climbing, indicating difficulty regulating control of balance. This increases the risk of falls, especially on steep or long flights of stairs.
Charlie Ma, Ph.D., a Professor and Director of Medical Physics at Fox Chase Cancer Center, has been selected as an ASTRO Fellow. He is recognized for his contributions to the field of radiation oncology, including research, education, and patient care.
Scientists have discovered that a single genetic change in the Bmp6 gene is associated with an increase in tooth number in freshwater sticklebacks, which can lead to cleft palate deformities. The study suggests that regulating this gene may hold the key to replacing human teeth and improving tooth formation.
Researchers analyzed data from over 17,000 surveys to track changes in urinary and sexual symptoms following various prostate cancer treatments. The study found that certain treatments, such as surgery and low-dose rate brachytherapy (LDR), may cause temporary increases in symptoms, while others, like intensity modulated radiation ther...
The prevalence of abdominal obesity and average waist circumference increased significantly among US adults between 1999-2012. The overall age-adjusted average waist circumference rose by 1.2 inches in men and 1.5 inches in women, with significant increases seen across different racial groups.
The article emphasizes the need for improved access to female-controlled contraceptive methods to counteract reproductive health risks caused by intimate partner violence. Clinicians can help women and girls regain control over their reproductive health through availability of effective contraceptives.
Scientists at Boston University and Stanford University School of Medicine attach E. coli colonies to a microcantilever, allowing real-time monitoring of bacterial motion and communication patterns. The new system enables rapid assessment of antibiotic susceptibility and potential applications in cancer drug development.
A randomized trial found that IVUS-guidance significantly improved 12-month clinical outcomes after new-generation drug-eluting stent implantation, compared to conventional angiography-guided CTO intervention. The IVUS-CTO study showed lower rates of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and target-vessel revascularization in the IVUS-...
Researchers have discovered a way to control the properties of quantum dots by using ultrathin layers of metal oxides. This new approach makes quantum dots glow brighter and enhances their emission efficiency, which is crucial for applications such as sensors, light-emitting diodes, and solar cells.
Researchers at the University of Warwick found that a mathematical model replicating Ebola outbreaks can no longer predict its scale. The current outbreak is 'out of all proportion' and defies previous patterns.
A meta-analysis of 757 Stage IV NSCLC patients found that factors such as timing of metastases and lymph node involvement impact overall survival. The study identified three risk groups with different five-year OS rates, and highlighted the importance of identifying patients who are most likely to benefit from aggressive treatments.
A new study suggests that artworks are perceived as an extension of the creator, with original pieces valued more highly than copies. The researchers propose a concept called 'magical contagion,' where the artist's physical presence imbues the work with their essence.
A phase I/II trial of hypofractionated radiation therapy found that prostate cancer patients reported similar quality of life, bladder and bowel function before and after treatment. The study's results also indicated that different regimens of hypofractionated RT produced similar outcomes in terms of patient-reported quality of life.
A urine HPV test showed high accuracy in detecting the virus compared to traditional cervical sampling methods. The test had a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 94%, with improved results when using first-void urine samples.
A global study of 80,000 men with prostate cancer has identified another 23 prostate cancer risk loci, bringing the total to 100 genetic regions associated with the disease. The study found that these genetic variants explain 33% of familial risk and can be used to predict aggressive form of prostate cancer.
A study of 307 patients with treatment-resistant MDD found that NeuroStar TMS Therapy induced significant response and remission, which were maintained through 52 weeks. At one year, 68% achieved symptomatic improvement and 45% reported complete remission.
Researchers from UCI capture moving images of a single molecule as it vibrates and shifts between quantum states, opening a window into the realm of quantum mechanics. This breakthrough could lead to applications such as lightning-fast quantum computers and uncrackable encryption.
Researchers found that radiation oncologists are using fewer or less-aggressive radiation procedures on elderly women with early-stage breast cancer. The study confirms that radiation oncologists are successfully balancing patients' needs with the cost of providing healthcare.
The HS3 mission gathered data on Hurricane Cristobal as it became an extra-tropical storm, revealing strong winds and dry air moving eastward across the western side of the storm. The data showed a shift in the strongest winds outward from the center compared to earlier stages in the storm's lifecycle.
Researchers studied lamprey embryology to understand the evolutionary origins of modern vertebrates. They discovered that Hox genes play a crucial role in hindbrain segmentation, which is conserved across vertebrates.
Approval of Keystone XL would increase oil sands extraction, leading to higher greenhouse gas emissions, according to a survey of experts. The study suggests that KXL could raise CO2 emissions by 1-40 million metric tons per year, depending on market responses.
Research found that NSCLC patients who never smoked had a significantly lower risk of developing secondary primary lung cancers (SPLC) compared to current smokers. The study analyzed 1,484 patients and found that five years after diagnosis, current smokers were more likely to develop SPLC.
A study of 91 prostate cancer patients found that vessel-sparing radiation therapy preserves sexual function without compromising cure rates. Patients who received combination EBRT and brachytherapy reported improved sexual function at five years post-treatment.
Researchers have created a smart material-based chin strap that generates electricity from chewing, eating and talking, with potential to power hearing aids, cochlear implants and other small electronic devices. The device harnesses piezoelectric fiber composites to convert mechanical stress into electric charge.
Researchers at Columbia University and the University of Michigan found an interaction between the ADRB2 gene and childhood adversity in a study of Ohio National Guard soldiers. The study suggests that genetic variations can influence PTSD symptoms, particularly in individuals with two or more experiences of childhood trauma.
Research suggests that lactation may reduce the risk of estrogen receptor-negative and triple-negative breast cancers in African American women. Parous women had a higher chance of developing these aggressive subtypes if they never breastfed, particularly those with four or more births.
A recent study found that men who viewed images of sexy women felt less connected to others and were less likely to make charitable contributions. Exposure to such images temporarily decreased male consumers' sense of psychological connectedness with others, making them less receptive to ads promoting social benefits.
Researchers analyze 13 wearable activity monitors to determine their effectiveness in promoting healthy behaviors. While many apps are in line with health community recommendations, some lack key features such as action planning and problem-solving tools.
Researchers at USC have developed a technique to twist radio beams and transmit data at high speeds of 32 gigabits per second. This method outperforms traditional optical systems and could enable ultra-high-speed links for next-generation cellular systems.
A network meta-analysis of nearly 50 randomized trials compared the efficacy and safety outcomes of eight anticoagulation options for venous thromboembolism. Rivaroxaban and apixaban were associated with the lowest bleeding risk, while UFH-vitamin K antagonist combination was linked to higher recurrent venous thromboembolism rates.
Researchers at Hebrew University develop a new cocktail of genes to coax adult cells into pluripotent stem cells, producing high-quality results. The new approach improves upon existing methods by reducing genetic abnormalities and increasing the proportion of successful cell reprogramming.
A study in Journal of Consumer Research found that loyal consumers overestimate their chances of winning random prizes. Higher levels of loyalty affect how likely consumers think they are to receive random rewards.
Researchers propose epigenetic drugs to treat cancer resistance and relapse by modifying gene expression. Studies suggest epigenetic changes contribute to cancer progenitor cell formation, drug resistance, and relapse.
Female northern swordtail fish are attracted to specific patterns visible in polarized light, increasing mating chances for males with higher polarization. The camera developed by Viktor Gruev captures real-time polarization properties of light, revealing new insights into vertebrate behavior.
A new randomized trial demonstrated that optical coherence tomography (OCT) guidance during stent implantation in primary PCI for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) improves patient outcomes. The OCT STEMI trial found lower area stenosis and fewer uncovered struts after nine months, indicating better long-term results.
Researchers have found that Topo 2, an essential enzyme for chromosome separation, needs more time to untangle long chromosomes, which can lead to mutations and cancer. The study suggests that chromosome length affects the enzyme's action and highlights the importance of understanding cell division.
A study by researchers from five universities found that contamination in drinking water wells in Pennsylvania and Texas stems from well-integrity problems such as poor casing and cementing. The analysis used noble gas and hydrocarbon tracers to identify the source of fugitive methane and determine if it is natural or not.
Researchers have identified a novel drug target, Kir7.1, that induces acute and sustained uterine contractions to treat postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), a major global cause of maternal mortality. The treatment bypasses biochemical pathways exhausted during prolonged labour, promising effective treatment at low doses.