Researchers at A*STAR's Genome Institute of Singapore identified a biomarker called RASAL2 strongly associated with triple negative breast cancer, a highly aggressive form of the disease. High expression levels of RASAL2 in TNBC tumors correlate with lower survival rates and increased metastasis.
Researchers have created a new type of pasta called 'anelloni' to demonstrate the complex shapes of ring-shaped polymers. Computer simulations show that these molecules can become tangled and appear frozen in place, potentially leading to a new state of matter called a 'topological glass'.
A review of 90 studies found consistent declines in semen volume and sperm performance, as well as increases in malformed and DNA-damaged sperm with increasing male age. This decline in semen quality is a significant concern for couples delaying childbearing and may contribute to increased infertility rates.
Canada has awarded $1.2 million in grants to 11 new global health innovations in La Francophonie member states, aiming to address pressing health challenges such as malaria, malnutrition and sanitation. The projects focus on improving maternal, newborn and child health, with a particular emphasis on low- and middle-income countries.
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) is funding eight new Collaborative Research Centers (CRCs), with a total budget of €62 million. The centers will focus on near-wall turbulent chemically reacting multiphase flows, spin excitations in semiconductor materials, and the discourse of weakness and resource regimes after acute trauma.
A new tropical storm, Tropical Cyclone 02S, has formed in the Southern Indian Ocean and is closing in on Mauritius and Reunion Islands. The cyclone is expected to bring gusty winds, showers, and rough seas to the region over the next couple of days.
Scientists at Max Planck Institute find millions of gene forms, 85% genes without predominant form, and 4,000 disease genes. The dual nature of human genomes reveals individual diversity in interactions between genes.
Researchers have developed a new material, called fluoropore, that can repel both water and oil due to its super-repellent surface. The material has the potential to produce universal protective coatings against any type of staining.
Tropical Depression 21W strengthens into Tropical Storm Sinlaku in the South China Sea, with NASA's Aqua satellite capturing an elongated image. Forecasters predict maximum sustained winds of up to 60 knots (69.0 mph/111.1 kph) before weakening.
Scientists have found that the Arctic Ocean's sea ice cover began to form around 2.6 million years ago, with significant expansion occurring around this time. This new knowledge can be used to improve future climate models and predict potential ice-free periods, which could have major implications for the planet's climate system.
A University of Sussex study reveals that teenage girls are more adept at designing and programming their own computer games than boys. The research used a new visual programming language called Flip, which helps pupils understand the code they write. Girls created more complex programs and learned more about coding compared to boys.
Researchers from Frankfurt and Moscow develop kinase inhibitor PF-114 effective against Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia, including resistant cases. The new substance offers a more favorable profile than existing Ponatinib, paving the way for further clinical trials.
A team of researchers sequenced the genomes of 16 Anopheles species to understand their genetic differences and how they adapt to new environments. The study offers new insights into the evolutionary history of these mosquitoes and their ability to transmit malaria parasites.
Researchers have identified key habitats for Iberian orcas, showing they are closely tied to tuna migration patterns. The small population faces threats from human activity in their limited habitat.
Researchers at Tufts University have developed new single-atom gold catalysts that demonstrate comparable activity and stability as traditional precious metal nanoparticles. These catalysts show promise for producing high-grade hydrogen for cleaner energy use in fuel-cell powered devices.
Researchers at DESY used high-speed photography to observe the formation of magnetic microvortices in ultrafast memory cells. The study provides a better understanding of magnetic storage materials and their dynamics, with potential implications for faster and better data storage media.
Researchers identify nine genes involved in making cucurbitacin, a compound with anti-cancer and diabetes properties. Domestication tweaked cucumber genetics to make fruit more edible, but the same compounds have potential therapeutic applications.
Researchers Jan Boeyens and Francis Thackeray found a connection between the Golden Ratio, space-time, and a biological species constant. The study suggests that concepts associated with relativity and quantum mechanics can be integrated through the number 1.618.
A recent study revealed a significant increase in anthropogenic nitrate levels in the North Pacific Ocean over the past 30 years, primarily due to enhanced atmospheric deposition. This shift in nutrient availability may favor certain marine organisms and alter the base of the marine food web.
Researchers used mathematical models to predict immune response size based on T cell signaling, providing insights into manipulating immune responses for cancer treatment. The study also shed light on how 'errors' in immune response contribute to autoimmune disease.
A systematic review of 12 studies found that lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise, reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes by 40% in both men and women. Men and women also experienced greater weight reductions with lifestyle interventions.
A new study has discovered that uterine contractions during artificial insemination procedures can increase the chances of pregnancy. The research found a positive correlation between the number of uterine contractions and the rate of clinical pregnancy, as well as live births following artificial insemination.
Researchers successfully analyzed all known complete proteomes using X-ray crystallography and homology modeling, covering 25% of protein clusters. The study highlights the potential for knowledge-based target selection to increase structural model production, particularly in eukaryotes and archaea.
Researchers have sequenced the genomes of 16 Anopheles mosquito species, revealing genetic differences between deadly parasite-transmitting species and their harmless cousins. The study offers new insights into how these species adapt to new environments and interact with humans, potentially advancing malaria control efforts.
Research by University of Kent's Professor Samuele Marcora found that athletes performing better when exposed to subliminal visual cues, such as action-related words and happy faces. This study confirms the perception of effort can be altered during exercise, leading to improved endurance capacity.
Academic researchers are mining social media data to learn about online and offline human behavior, but flaws in studies point to need for more aware analysis methods. The study highlights issues such as user demographics, data filtering, platform design, spam bots, and biased results.
The CRISPR-Cas9 system has revolutionized genome engineering by providing a precise and efficient method for making site-specific changes to the genome. Its applications extend from developing new therapies for genetic disorders to changing the pace of agricultural research.
Using a patient's own rib cartilage for rhinoplasty has been associated with low rates of long-term complications and problems at the rib site. The study found that warping and hypertrophic chest scarring had relatively high complication rates, highlighting the need for surgeons to take extra precautions to reduce these issues.
A study suggests that most American presidents are destined to be forgotten within 50-100 years of their serving as president. By 2040, Americans will probably remember as much about Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan as they do about Millard Fillmore.
A recent study by University of Southampton researchers found that ancient marine algae, such as coccolithophores, experienced reduced growth and skeletal structure changes in response to climate warming and ocean acidification during the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). The research provides a long-term perspective on the impa...
A new electrolyte has been created that can be used in magnesium-sulfur battery cells, offering improved electrochemical stability and high efficiency. The electrolyte is also simple to produce and compatible with a sulfur cathode, making it an attractive alternative to traditional lithium-ion batteries.
Researchers identify chemical pathway disrupting behaviour in Fragile X patients and find potential treatment using cancer drug cercosporamide. The drug blocks the pathway, improving sociability in mice with the condition.
UCL scientists have discovered a new pathway to deliver therapies to the nervous system, offering a potential treatment for tetanus and neurological disorders such as motor neuron disease. By blocking the entry of tetanus neurotoxin into nerve cells, researchers hope to develop targeted treatments with fewer side effects.
A team led by a University of Oklahoma professor has discovered direct evidence of milk consumption preserved in human dental plaque from the Bronze Age to the present day. The study provides conclusive proof that humans consumed dairy products for at least 5,000 years, corroborating previous findings on milk fats.
A new study by IIASA researchers highlights the importance of education in reducing disaster fatalities and enhancing adaptive capacity. Education plays a crucial role in improving knowledge, risk perception, socioeconomic status, and social capital, making it a vital investment for climate change adaptation efforts.
Researchers warn that social media datasets may be misleading due to built-in population biases and algorithmic changes. Scientists need to correct or acknowledge these biases to ensure accurate results.
Scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich and the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic used computer simulations to gain deeper insights into scanning tunneling microscopy. The results show excellent agreement between experimental results and simulations, enabling the analysis of images with unprecedented accuracy.
Researchers sequenced the genomes of 16 mosquito species found in Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America to understand how they transmit malaria. The study found that some species have varying capabilities for transmitting the disease and adapting to new environments.
A new compound, ethane-beta-sultam, has been developed to reduce brain cell loss and inflammation caused by binge drinking. This breakthrough could lead to a treatment for Alzheimer's and other neurological diseases that damage the brain.
A team of researchers discovered a mechanism linked to brain damage after stroke and found that removing it reduces damage. They identified an ion channel called TRPM2, which opens in the presence of reactive oxygen species, causing neuronal cell damage.
A recent study by Lund University found that group mindfulness treatment is as effective as individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating depression and anxiety. The study included 215 patients and showed significant reductions in symptoms of both conditions, regardless of the treatment approach.
Researchers uncovered a third unknown species of freshwater shrimp, similar to Palaemon ivonicus, with genetic data revealing divergent lineages about 10 million years ago. This study highlights the importance of molecular tools for discovering new species in complex environments like Amazonia.
Scientists have developed protective human antibodies using DNA-vaccinated cows, which showed potent neutralizing activity against two types of hantaviruses. The antibodies protected hamsters from lethal disease caused by these viruses, with seven out of eight treated animals surviving without symptoms.
Researchers say that improved storage technologies and hybrid systems could address the variable nature of alternative energy, making them more cost-effective and efficient. Advanced energy storage and smart-grid connections are being explored to match different forms of renewable energy and provide a consistent power supply.
A Brigham and Women's Hospital-led team identified a critical TIM-3 partner, CEACAM-1, which determines the protein's behavior. The findings suggest that blocking both CEACAM-1 and TIM-3 could enhance anti-tumor responses in cancer and improve treatments for diseases like HIV.
Two studies found a subset of somatic mutations in DNA samples from healthy individuals that significantly increase the risk of developing blood cancers. The 'pre-malignant' state becomes more common with age and can be detected by sequencing DNA from blood.
Using supermassive black holes to measure cosmic distances provides precise distance measurements, removing uncertainty in calculating their mass. The new method shows that supermassive black holes are 40% heavier than previously estimated, fundamentally changing determinations of black hole masses.
Researchers discovered that protons pass through ultra-thin graphene crystals surprisingly easily, making them attractive for proton-conducting membranes. This breakthrough could improve the efficiency and durability of fuel cells, which use oxygen and hydrogen to convert chemical energy into electricity.
The authors argue that public health interventions should focus on breaking social habits rather than individual behavior changes. By re-shaping socially acceptable norms, policymakers can tackle non-communicable diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes.
A new imaging system has shown potential to reduce radiation exposure for patients undergoing intra-arterial therapy (IAT) for liver cancer, with a reduction of up to 80%, compared to standard X-ray platforms. The AlluraClarity platform uses real-time image processing algorithms to achieve high-quality images at lower radiation power.
A team of researchers used state-of-the-art computer models to examine the influence of atmospheric carbon dioxide, ice sheet melting and changes in Earth's orbit on El Nino over the last 21,000 years. The study found that El Nino has intensified over the past 6,000 years, with feedbacks between ocean and atmosphere growing stronger.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab found that proper copper levels modulate spontaneous neural activity in developing circuits, which is critical for brain health and development. The study highlights the importance of managing copper levels to prevent misregulation of signaling in cell-to-cell communications.
A large-scale study led by the University of Exeter has found that boys are more likely to be stillborn than girls, with a risk increase of about ten percent. The study reviewed over 30 million births globally and found this disparity results in approximately 100,000 additional male babies lost per year.
The NIAID/GSK Ebola vaccine candidate was well-tolerated and produced immune system responses in all 20 healthy adults who received it. The vaccine induced a T-cell response, including CD8 T cells, which may play an important role in immune protection against Ebola viruses.
A two-year study by the Stand Up To Cancer - Cancer Research Institute Immunology Translational Research Dream Team found that pembrolizumab removes PD-1, freeing up immune cells to kill cancer cells. The study validated a pathway to determine patient responsiveness and anticipated better drug combinations for more patients with melanoma.
A new drug called Bozepinib has been successfully tested against cancerogenic stem cells in mice, proving its efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. Researchers are now conducting safety tests before running the drug on actual patients.
Scientists in Jülich have discovered a combination of materials that strengthens Friedel oscillations and bundles them in different directions, creating 'giant anisotropic charge density oscillations'. These oscillations can be used to enhance nanoelectronic components and filter magnetic information.
A study by Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University researcher Yuichi Nakajima identified genetic data that suggest the diversity and differentiation of deep-sea barnacle populations in two troughs near Okinawa and the Mariana Islands. The findings have implications for understanding climate change impacts on oce...
Polar bears may undergo 2-5 months of ice-free conditions by 2100, threatening their survival. Projected warming under business-as-usual climate projections could lead to significant habitat loss for nearly one-tenth of the world's polar bear habitat.
The future ocean will be warmer, with reduced ice extent, higher sea levels, more acidic, and lower oxygen levels. Research must focus on understanding marine systems' responses to cumulative pressures.