A new study published in Radiology found that moderate and late preterm birth is associated with smaller brain size and less developed myelination, suggesting a disruption in the expected trajectory of brain growth. The research provides insight into brain-behavior relationships in this group of children.
Male dwarf spiders use mating plugs made of a liquid material that hardens over time to block access to the female's sperm storage organ. Small plugs are less effective than large ones, but both size and age play important roles in their efficacy.
Researchers discovered oxytocin's indispensable role in healthy muscle maintenance and repair, finding that it declines with age in mice. Administering oxytocin improved muscle healing in old mice, while blocking its effects compromised their ability to repair tissue.
A Cornell University study reveals that undocumented workers receive no wage premium for working in dangerous settings, unlike most other groups.
A study published in BMC Ecology found that British Columbia's mainland wolves and coastal wolves are more genetically distinct than previously thought. The researchers attribute this difference to the varying ecological environments of the two regions.
A US-based study of 88,803 premenopausal women found a significant association between high red meat intake and increased breast cancer risk. Replacing red meat with a combination of legumes, poultry, nuts, and fish was linked to a lower risk of breast cancer.
Use of insulin analogs among privately insured patients with type 2 diabetes increased significantly between 2000 and 2010. Out-of-pocket expenditures for insulin prescriptions also rose substantially during this period.
Researchers discovered distinct patterns of brain activity in adults with and without childhood ADHD, finding that those who recovered from the disorder have restored normal synchrony in their brain's default mode network. However, both groups showed impaired executive function, a sign separate from ADHD.
Researchers found that killing experiences may cause soldiers to become more aware of their own mortality, triggering a focus on self-preservation and reduced high-risk alcohol consumption. The study suggests that this increased sense of vulnerability leads to decreased alcohol abuse rates among soldiers who have killed in combat.
Researchers discovered malaria-infected red blood cells exhibit altered motion patterns, affecting flow dynamics. This discovery may lead to better-targeted drug treatments for malaria.
A powerful solar flare with a peak intensity of an X2.2 classification was observed by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory on June 10, 2014. The flare caused disturbances in the atmosphere layer affecting GPS and communications signals.
Scientists have identified a new biomarker called Neuromedin U (NmU) that may help predict and overcome resistance to newer anti-cancer drugs for HER2 positive cancers. The discovery could lead to more effective treatment strategies and improved patient outcomes.
Researchers found that telehealth consultations improve the quality of forensic examinations for sexual abuse, providing more thorough and nuanced exams. The study showed that clinicians with access to expert UC Davis nurses provided significantly better examination findings, overall assessments, completeness, and diagnostic accuracy.
Tropical Storm Cristina was born in the Eastern Pacific Ocean near Mexico, with maximum sustained winds of 35 mph. The storm's strong thunderstorms are producing life-threatening surf and rip current conditions along western Mexico's coast.
A genetic analysis of 3,700 Mexican and U.S. Latino individuals identified a gene variant associated with a 5-fold increase in type 2 diabetes prevalence. The HNF1A gene variant was found to be more common in participants with type 2 diabetes, particularly in Latino patients.
Researchers identified a strong genetic risk factor for type 2 diabetes that primarily affects Latin American patients, with potential implications for tailored treatments. The study's findings suggest that patients carrying this variant may benefit from drugs effective in treating MODY, a rare form of diabetes.
The Rosetta-Alice spectrograph is starting its science mission to study the origin, composition, and workings of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. It will analyze the comet's atmosphere, map its surface, and study fine dust particles.
The BMJ is implementing a patient partnership strategy to integrate patients' perspectives into its editorial processes, research, and healthcare advocacy. This initiative aims to advance shared decision-making, patient-centered care, and impact assessment of patient partnerships.
A four-step compromise is proposed to share the burden of carbon reductions, reducing actors involved in initial efforts, switching to consumption-based carbon accounting, redistributing the burden based on responsibility and capability, and bringing changes back to the larger U.N. group for inclusive emissions management
Researchers at Harvard University have developed a genome-editing approach that permanently reduces cholesterol levels in mice through a single injection. This approach could significantly reduce the risk of heart attacks in humans, translating to a potential 90% reduction in heart attack risk. The technique targets the PCSK9 gene and ...
Researchers from Imperial College London have developed a method to distort the sex ratio of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, eradicating female populations that transmit malaria. The genetically modified mosquitoes produced 95% male offspring, eliminating entire wild-type populations in six generations.
UC Riverside researchers create three-dimensional silicon-decorated carbon-nanotube clusters architecture for high reversible capacity and excellent cycling stability. The innovative design enables rapid charging times, nearly 16 times faster than conventional graphite-based anodes.
Vectra DA data demonstrates clinical utility in assessing risk of future joint damage, with high scores associated with radiographic progression. The test may help identify patients at higher or lower risks for radiographic progression while receiving antirheumatic therapy.
Researchers have developed a novel approach to magnetic cooling, utilizing solid magnetic substances as refrigerants in miniaturized magnetic refrigerators. The technology is more efficient and 'green' than traditional fluid-compression refrigeration, with potential applications in domestic and industrial settings.
Researchers found an association between decreased carbohydrate intake and reduced breast cancer recurrence among women whose tumor tissue is positive for the IGF-1 receptor. The study suggests that personalized diets based on molecular characteristics of primary tumors may be possible, but further research is needed.
A new study reveals that instant oatmeal provides greater satiety than equal calories of ready-to-eat oat cereal. The researchers found that eating a bowl of instant oatmeal for breakfast helps manage hunger better than the same amount of calories from a leading oat-based, cold cereal.
A NYU Langone expert suggests reforms to improve the VA health system's administration, staffing, and management. Key proposals include changing the culture, creating new scheduling systems, and hiring more primary care physicians to meet the growing demand.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have successfully created a three-dimensional complement of human retinal tissue in the laboratory, including functioning photoreceptor cells that can respond to light. The achievement offers new opportunities for vision-saving research and may ultimately lead to technologies that restore vision in ...
The latest issue of Reproductive Health Matters highlights the intersection of population dynamics and sustainability in development policies. The issue emphasizes the need to learn from history and avoid repeated mistakes in family planning policy and practice.
A recent study reveals that Caribbean corals and their algae form a stable relationship, which could be used to restore healthy coral in heat-damaged reefs. The research found that individual coral colonies often harbor only one strain of algae, suggesting that this partnership may not adapt to climate change.
Scientists from the University of Leeds have found a way to restore the function of damaged blood vessel repair cells. A protein called Akt was identified as the reason for reduced effectiveness in South Asian men's cells, which were able to be restored through the addition of active Akt.
Researchers analyzed a nationally representative sample of 140,000 teachers and found that NCLB's accountability pressures may have improved classroom autonomy and administrator support, rather than reducing job satisfaction. The study contradicts conventional wisdom on the law's impact on teacher morale.
A recent study found that adding insulin to metformin for diabetes treatment is associated with an increased risk of nonfatal cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause death. The researchers analyzed data from over 178,000 patients with diabetes who received metformin as their primary treatment.
The NSU College of Optometry will conduct the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial—Attention and Reading Trial (CITT-ART), a national multi-center clinical trial investigating the impact of convergence insufficiency on attention and reading performance in children. The study aims to develop new therapies for children with attentio...
An international team created a heart disease risk calculator for rheumatoid arthritis patients, identifying those at high risk more effectively than standard tools. The calculator incorporates disease characteristics into cardiovascular risk assessment, shedding light on how to better gauge heart health in inflammatory diseases.
A study by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid researcher Clara Sainz de Baranda found that women appear in just 5.11% of sports newsprint, with men making up 92.2%. This disparity is reflected in the types of stories covered, with soccer being the most prominent sport, and achievements in other sports often relegated to short news items.
Researchers have identified changes in the oral microbiome that may be associated with oral cancer development. The study found significant decreases in abundance of certain bacterial groups, such as Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, in cancer samples compared to normal tissue.
A UC Davis study found that reducing criminal charges can prevent subsequent violent crimes among those with misdemeanor convictions who purchase handguns. Nearly 25% of handgun purchasers were arrested for a new firearm-related or violent crime within three years.
Tropical Cyclone 02A formed in the Arabian Sea with NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite capturing a visible image of the storm. The storm is consolidating and getting better organized, with strongest thunderstorms appearing south of its center.
Mayo Clinic researchers have identified a new form of cancer caused by a chromosomal chimera, characterized by a biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma. The rare tumor typically begins in the nose and may require disfiguring surgery to treat.
A recent study published in Menopause found that low doses of testosterone cream for women after menopause can bring their testosterone levels back to normal. The study tested two doses of the AndroFeme product, with the 5-mg dose being sufficient to restore premenopausal levels.
The American Cancer Society has released guidelines to support primary care of estimated 2.8 million men with a history of prostate cancer in the US. The guidelines outline posttreatment clinical follow-up care for long-term and late effects, including health promotion, surveillance for recurrence, and management of physical and psycho...
A new trial has found that levodopa is better than newer treatments for Parkinson's disease patients, particularly in terms of mobility and quality of life. The study, the largest ever performed on PD treatment, showed small but persistent benefits of starting treatment with levodopa.
Research at NIST reveals that the clumping density of soot particles is a constant value of 0.36, regardless of size range. This finding has significant implications for climate researchers and may help develop new measurement standards for atmospheric aerosols.
Research published in mBio shows that stress and emotional shock can trigger heart attacks by dispersing bacterial biofilms on arterial walls. Bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa are found in atherosclerotic carotid arteries, and their dispersion can cause plaque deposits to rupture into the bloodstream.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that US school psychologists help adolescents with mental disorders navigate the healthcare system, but specialist access remains limited. The research suggests that collaboration between school psychologists, psychotherapists, and doctors could improve care for these adolescents.
The Sopcawind project develops a multidisciplinary database to analyze the impact of wind farms on telecommunications systems, ensuring fluid design processes and minimizing potential interference. The tool facilitates wind farm development while preserving existing telecommunications systems.
Juvenile coho salmon thrive in streams with abundant pink and chum salmon carcasses and eggs, increasing abundance by up to three times. This nutrient legacy highlights the importance of understanding fish-ecosystem interactions for species close and distant.
Researchers discovered altered salivary biomarker levels in obese children, indicating a potential non-invasive method for identifying early Type 2 diabetes risk. The study's findings provide valuable insights into childhood obesity and metabolic syndrome, paving the way for development of prevention strategies.
Researchers found that despite similarities in body forms, look-alike snakes from the two continents differ dramatically in diet. Australian elapid snakes specialize in lizards and other snakes as prey, while their North American counterparts focus on invertebrates such as insects and spiders.
The New York Botanical Garden is launching a two-phase project to inform future conservation efforts in Myanmar. The first phase will establish collaborations with national institutions, provide training for young botanists, and collect preliminary data on the country's flora.
The University of Bristol is set to showcase its innovative millimeter wave communication technology at the Small Cells World Summit in London. The team has developed a system that can transmit data approximately 50 times faster than Wi-Fi, and has successfully demonstrated beamforming and mobile tracking capabilities.
Experts from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and UNHCR call for equal access to HIV treatment for refugees and internally displaced persons in stable settings. The authors recommend routine adherence monitoring systems and point-of-care laboratory monitoring to ensure high levels of viral suppression.
The TGen Concussion Research Fund will support a collaboration between TGen, Riddell, Barrow Neurological Institute, and Arizona State University's Sun Devil football team to find a better way to diagnose concussions on the field. This research could enable physicians to identify when a player is concussed and when they might recover.
Researchers from London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine urge officials to invest in prevention measures to keep women and girls safe from all forms of violence. A recent study found that 33% of women in Côte d'Ivoire reported an experience of sexual violence, with 29% reporting their husband or partner as the perpetrator.
A Michigan State University study found that requiring private schools to report student test scores improves math and reading scores in Milwaukee's voucher program. The study's results suggest that accountability measures can enhance school choice and promote better educational outcomes.
Researchers found that Siberian hamsters require dietary cholesterol to enter daily torpor during winter. The minimum amount of cholesterol necessary for winter daily torpor is around 0.3%, similar to the amount found in insect larvae.
A study published in the Journal of Mathematical Economics found that short lives result in big financial losses, comparable to socio-economic gaps. The researchers suggest that individuals who die prematurely may have been better off consuming more earlier in life.
Researchers Zunli Lu and Xiaoli Zhou have confirmed the earliest appearance of dissolved oxygen in ocean surface waters, shedding light on the Great Oxidation Event. Their novel iodine geochemistry approach enables them to measure oxygen levels in ancient rocks, providing insights into marine ecology and global warming.
Researchers discover new permafrost forming around Twelvemile Lake in Alaska, but predict it won't last beyond the end of this century. The formation is attributed to willow shrubs providing shade and cooling the surrounding soil.