New research finds that increased scientific uncertainty in the climate system necessitates even greater action to mitigate climate change. The study shows that as uncertainty in temperature increase expected with a doubling of CO2 rises, so do economic damages and likelihood of exceeding safe temperature limits.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute have discovered a combination therapy that overcomes tumor cell resistance to cisplatin, a widely used cancer drug. The therapy, which involves combining a cell replication blocker with cisplatin, induces rapid and synergistic cell death in resistant tumor cells.
Syracuse University chemists discover enzyme-like activity in seven amino acid peptides, shedding light on the origins of life and potential new catalysts for metabolic reactions. The breakthrough supports the theory that amyloid fibrils may have triggered early forms of life.
Researchers at UPCI discovered that a subset of patients with lobular carcinoma receive less benefit from adjuvant tamoxifen, indicating potential targets for drug therapy. The study suggests a unique signaling pathway regulated by estrogen in lobular carcinoma cells may be exploited in future clinical trials.
A UCLA psychology study reveals that a diet high in processed foods leads to weight gain, fatigue, and cognitive impairments. The research suggests that junk food diets, not lack of exercise or discipline, are responsible for obesity and related health issues.
A new species of horseshoe worm, Phoronis emigi, has been discovered in Japan after a 62-year gap, shedding light on the global diversity of the Phoronida phylum. The discovery is significant as it highlights the need for further investigations to reveal additional species.
A research team led by Karine Le Roch generated a 3D model of the human malaria parasite genome at three stages of its life cycle. The study revealed one major repression center for virulence genes, which could lead to new anti-malaria strategies by disrupting the parasite's genome architecture.
A new study found that ovarian cancer patients' disease-free survival rates significantly improved over time, particularly among those with poorer initial prognoses. The research suggests that considering the time elapsed since remission may provide a more accurate prognosis and inform better follow-up care decisions.
A survey of Scottish working dogs found that undocked breeds are at greatest risk of tail injuries. The authors suggest that docking these breeds by one-third could significantly decrease the risk of injury.
Researchers uncover complement pathway as primary immune mechanism driving endometriosis and ovarian cancer development. The discovery may lead to targeted preventive measures, such as immune therapy, for women with endometriosis at increased cancer risk.
Researchers at the University of Huddersfield are developing molecular wires that could replace silicon chips, offering significant increases in computing power and data storage capacity. The project, led by Dr. Nathan Patmore, is backed by an £800,000 Royal Society Research Fellowship.
Chinese researchers have discovered several key genetic mutations closely associated with adrenocortical tumors, including the activating hotspot L205R mutation in PRKACA gene. These findings provide new insights into the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Adrenal Cushing's syndrome.
A study in the Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics found a strong association between teen indoor tanning and unhealthy weight control behaviors. Females who used indoor tanning were more likely to report fasting, vomiting, or taking laxatives to lose weight.
Professor René Rizzoli has made significant contributions to understanding osteoporosis, a disease that affects millions worldwide. Through his work with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), he has helped promote medical innovation and improved care for patients.
A new algorithm developed by MIT researchers can aid robots in navigating unfamiliar buildings and understanding scenes. The algorithm identifies dominant orientations in 3D scenes, making it easier to re-identify landmarks and segment planes.
Researchers discovered two new genes, NEIL2 and OGG1, that modulate the risk of breast and ovarian cancer in women with high-risk mutations. The genes affect an alternative DNA repair pathway and may have implications for treatments like PARP inhibitors.
A new study published in Crime Science found that below ground offences are concentrated at particular stations, with the highest risk during morning and late afternoon peak travel periods. The research developed an algorithm to calculate the probability of where theft is most likely, helping authorities target resources more effectively.
Researchers at Michigan State University have identified the core signaling pathway that activates scleroderma and found chemical compounds that can turn it off. This discovery offers a new approach to treating the disease, which currently lacks effective treatments.
Researchers developed a genetic signature to identify men at high risk of prostate cancer recurrence after surgery or radiotherapy. The test uses DNA analysis from biopsy tissue and shows promise in predicting treatment failure with close to 80% accuracy.
A team of scientists at UCL and King's College London has developed a technique to restore function to paralyzed muscles using light-activated neurons created from stem cells. The method involves transplanting these motor neurons into injured nerve branches, which can be controlled by adjusting blue light pulses.
Researchers found that recurrent cancers have unique gene mutations sensitive to dasatinib, a promising new treatment option for recurrent head and neck cancers.
A study published at The Wistar Institute Cancer Center found that bacterial virulence proteins can suppress DNA repair proteins in epithelial cells, leading to genetic mutations that favor tumor development. This research opens the possibility of modifying colon cancer risk by altering gut bacteria populations.
A new program at University of the Pacific empowers low-income parents to guide their children on the path to college. The approach includes family information meetings, themed activity packets, and individualized attention to help parents feel more engaged and confident in supporting their kids' educational pursuits.
A study of 1228 women found that low-dose aspirin did not improve live birth rates or reduce pregnancy loss, but showed benefits for those who had experienced a single pregnancy loss within the previous year. Women should consult their healthcare providers before taking any medication while trying to conceive.
A Swedish study found that long-term low levels of vitamin D intake are associated with higher 10-year fracture risk in elderly women. The study showed that vitamin D insufficiency sustained over 5 years contributed to increased 10-year fracture incidence, especially in those with consistently low vitamin D levels.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study identifies AGL as a key driver of bladder cancer growth, linked to hereditary liver disease glycogen storage disease 3. Low AGL levels correlate with poorer prognosis and increased tumor proliferation.
Researchers discuss catastrophic rock avalanches, evidence of ancient rainfall, and geological phenomena in the High Atlas Mountains, western United States, and Italy. The studies provide insights into Earth's history, including a 4.5 ka seismic event, tectonic settings, and paleoprecipitation patterns.
Researchers from UH and Rice University collaborated to engineer a synthetic gene circuit that compensates for temperature changes. The team used mathematical modeling to design the plasmid and created a genetic clock with a stable period across various temperatures.
Two recipients, Paldeep S. Atwal and Jamie J. Barea, received the award to support their training in clinical biochemical genetics and metabolic diseases diagnosis and treatment. The $75,000 grant will sponsor one year of subspecialty training in biochemical genetics after residency.
A new study by Dartmouth researchers found that young people are increasingly influenced by tobacco marketing, with exposure to coupons and websites associated with increased smoking rates. Black and Hispanic youth are disproportionately affected.
A new study found that antioxidants may increase DNA damage from omega-6 fatty acids, but reduce formation of another type of damage. Green tea polyphenol and alpha-lipoic acid showed mixed effects on these damages.
Dr. Huma Q. Rana received the 2014 Richard King Trainee Award for her manuscript on Parkinson Disease Risk in GBA Mutation Carriers. The award recognizes outstanding research in genetics and genomics, supporting trainees' careers and promoting high-quality publications.
The Too Fit to Fracture Initiative presented exercise recommendations for individuals with osteoporosis and spine fractures. The panel recommends a multicomponent exercise program with resistance and balance training, and daily balance training and endurance training are recommended for all individuals with osteoporosis.
Researchers found that reducing indium nitride's dimensions can produce green light with higher energy, leading to more efficient LEDs. The nanostructures can be tailored to emit different colors of light, enabling the creation of natural-looking white lighting.
The AXA Research Fund has awarded €2 million to two Spanish researchers, Professor Ben Lehner and Professor David Ríos, to study age-related diseases and adversary risk analysis. Their research aims to predict a person's health future, combine experiments with computational data analysis, and examine threats with intelligent behavior.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have discovered that the amount of snow needed to trigger an avalanche in the Himalayas can be up to four times smaller than in the Alps. This finding has significant implications for mitigating natural hazards and safeguarding people on mountain villages, roads, and ski resorts.
A Norwegian study found that higher screen time was associated with lower bone mineral density in boys, while girls who spent more time on computers had higher BMD than their peers. The findings suggest that sedentary lifestyles during adolescence can impact bone health and increase the risk of osteoporosis.
A new analysis finds that research on diseases of the poor is disproportionately underfunded, exacerbating global health disparities. The study suggests that boosting scientific research within poorer countries could help close this gap and increase studies on underserved diseases.
Researchers created a patterned polymer material based on moth eyeballs that can eliminate glare from solar panels and electronic displays. The material also repels liquids and keeps grime in raindrops, solving issues with neighbors' solar panel spats and military detection.
A study by Denise Aydinonat and Dustin Penn found that solitary African grey parrots have shorter telomeres than those housed with mates, regardless of age. This suggests that both extreme social conditions can accelerate cellular aging and may serve as a biomarker for chronic stress.
A study of nearly 63,000 Norwegians found that moderate to severe depression increases the risk of heart failure by 40%. Depression triggers stress hormones and inflammation, which may accelerate heart diseases. Early detection and treatment can help improve outcomes.
Researchers at UPMC Cancer Institute discover plant-derived compounds that selectively target breast cancer cells, inhibiting growth and inducing death. These findings offer potential new approaches to preventing and fighting breast cancer.
Researchers have identified hundreds of open reading frames in long non-coding RNAs that may give rise to functional proteins using ribosome profiling. The method allowed direct quantification of messenger RNA fragments protected by the ribosome, revealing translated small open reading frames.
A clinical trial found that genetic screening can help doctors customize treatments for patients with advanced melanoma, reducing cancer recurrence risk by 63%. The study used ipilimumab therapy and identified biomarker signatures to tailor treatment plans.
In mice, obese fathers pass on their weight and gene expression changes to their daughters, increasing the risk of obesity and breast cancer later in life. This study provides evidence for a potential paternal link to cancer risk, challenging traditional research focus on maternal influences.
Researchers used functional PET imaging to show that neuroinflammation is higher in CFS/ME patients compared to healthy people. The study found associations between inflammation in certain brain areas and symptoms such as impaired cognition.
A study found that permanent brachytherapy preserves erectile function in approximately 50% of prostate cancer patients, improving treatment outcomes. Researchers call for further training on discussing and assessing sexual side-effects of radiation treatment to ensure adequate patient information.
Researchers have solved part of the hagfish slime mystery, revealing how super-strong protein threads are organized at the cellular level. The discovery provides valuable insights into producing synthetic versions of the threads for commercial use.
A UCLA-led study found that higher education levels are associated with lower rates of bone fractures among non-white women. The study followed over 2,000 pre-menopausal women for nine years and found that those with at least some postgraduate education had an 87% lower non-traumatic fracture rate than those with less education.
A new study reveals a previously unknown atmospheric phenomenon over the South Seas, which boosts ozone depletion in polar regions and could have a significant influence on future climate. The discovery of the 'OH shield' layer allows long-lived chemical compounds to enter the stratosphere, contributing to global impact.
Tropical Depression 05W is mostly cloud-covered with strongest convection on its western side. The depression is forecast to strengthen into a tropical storm by April 5 as it moves northwesterly through warm ocean waters.
Researchers analyzed stomach contents of pygmy and dwarf sperm whales to better understand their feeding ecologies. The study found that while the two species share similar foraging parameters, pygmy sperm whales consume a greater diversity and size of prey.
A new study from Duke University suggests that living with grandparents can exacerbate the baby blues in some mothers. Married and single mothers who live in multi-generational households experience higher rates of depression, while cohabiting couples without marriage benefits from having one or more grandparents in the house. The find...
The ENTEGA team won the award for its ECO tool, which optimizes sales and profit targets by integrating data from price comparison sites. The tool resulted in a 30% decrease in selling costs compared to their current approach.
Researchers explore the implications of the highly politicized debate surrounding Trayvon Martin's fatal shooting on issues of race, gender, and economic status in education. The case highlights the devastating impact of gun violence on black women, who face a higher homicide rate than any other group.
Research by Dr Derrick Bennett shows that deaths from ischaemic stroke due to tobacco use in China, India, and Russia are higher than the world's other countries combined. Tobacco control policies can play a crucial role in preventing IS deaths.
A study published in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology found that moderate exercise, such as walking, can improve immune function and reduce inflammation in patients with chronic kidney disease. Six months of regular walking was shown to decrease immune cell activation and markers of systemic inflammation.
Scientists have successfully fabricated a photosensor using single layers of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), which converts light into electricity at an extremely efficient rate. The material's large energy gap enables it to achieve high on/off ratios, making it suitable for future electronic devices.
Researchers at Saint Mary's University and the University of Jyväskylä have isolated cyanoformate, an ion that can deactivate cyanide's toxic capabilities, using crystallography and computational chemistry. This discovery highlights the importance of applied chemistry in understanding carbon-capture processes.
Researchers have developed a saliva-powered, micro-sized microbial fuel cell that produces nearly 1 microwatt of power. The device uses graphene and bacteria from the natural environment to create energy, paving the way for portable biomedical devices with built-in power sources.