KAIST participated in the 2014 Davos Forum, engaging with global leaders on education innovation and technological breakthroughs. KAIST's Education 3.0 program was introduced, incorporating advanced ICT for online learning and collaboration.
Researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, found that vitamin D deficiency stifferens blood vessels, leading to increased blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. The study used genetically modified mice to explore the effects of vitamin D deficiency on blood vessel flexibility.
The European Society for Medical Oncology warns that Eastern Europe lacks sufficient data, highlighting the need for a unified system. Despite this, many Western European countries are expected to have enough medical oncologists to meet growing cancer demands by 2020.
A study published in Biological Psychiatry found that MDMA decreases activity in the limbic system, which is involved in emotional responses. The results suggest possible clinical uses of MDMA in treating anxiety and PTSD. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
A special issue of IOVS addresses the aging eye, focusing on unmet needs and accelerating clinical care. The issue features new research on genetics, biology, and prevention/treatment of age-related diseases such as cataracts and macular degeneration.
A new study found that tree growth rate increases with size, with older trees removing a larger share of carbon from the atmosphere. This means that massive, old trees can remove huge amounts of carbon through photosynthesis, playing a disproportionate role in the global carbon cycle.
Researchers have found that properly designed rough surfaces can reduce skin-friction drag in turbulent conditions. The study models fluid flow between two surfaces covered with tiny ridges, which trap air bubbles and create a hydrodynamic cushion.
A new study reveals that persistent musculoskeletal pain is common among car crash victims, affecting nearly 70% six weeks post-accident. Most victims who develop persistent pain do not sue, with only a minority engaged in litigation.
A new study published by JRSM Open suggests that up to 2 million people in England could benefit from bariatric surgery due to obesity-related diseases. The researchers highlight several factors contributing to low surgery rates, including patient awareness and socioeconomic status.
A new study of vast weather data reveals hundreds of smaller storms that had previously escaped detection, increasing the number of Arctic cyclones by 40% to around 1,900 per year. This finding is important for understanding current weather patterns and potential climate change in the future.
A study found that pro-inflammatory molecules were strongly associated with increased mortality in alcohol-abusing HIV patients. IL-6 was identified as the molecule most closely linked to mortality, regardless of antiretroviral therapy use. This research may inform strategies to improve mortality rates among this vulnerable population.
A recent study finds that narcissistic leaders face a double-edged sword, with extremely high or low levels of narcissism leading to poorer organizational outcomes. Moderation is key, as confidence without antisocial tendencies can lead to effective leadership.
A team of researchers from Caltech identified specific brain cells in male fruit flies that release a hormone promoting aggression. These findings suggest that aggression is genetically controlled and may be linked to personality disorders in humans. The study validates the use of fruit flies as a model for studying human aggression.
Three new extinct fossil species of big-headed flies were discovered in Eocene epoch fossil beds, dating back 49-52 million years. These finds show early evolution parallels a significant ecological revolution, which formed modern natural communities.
A new study finds a troubling relationship between drinking and PTSD symptoms in college students. The research reveals that college students with PTSD symptoms are more likely to engage in heavy drinking, which can exacerbate their PTSD symptoms over time.
A new paper provides recommendations for conserving migratory wildlife that inhabit U.S. national parks, leveraging diverse scientific expertise. Key findings highlight the importance of protected areas and public engagement in safeguarding long-distance species movements.
Researchers at the University of Basel have discovered how Salmonella bacteria outsmart the host's immune cells, allowing them to survive and spread infection. This knowledge may lead to new treatments for typhoid fever, a life-threatening disease affecting millions worldwide.
The Queen's team received the award for their paper on polymeric microneedle arrays prepared by a novel laser-based micromoulding technique. Their breakthrough research has developed tiny projections that can painlessly penetrate the skin and deliver medication or monitor drug levels without drawing blood.
A newly-developed dietary fiber with a slow release mechanism may alleviate IBS symptoms and improve gut health, targeting the distal colon where colon cancer and other diseases occur.
Researchers have identified a protein that enables the transfer of mitochondria from stem cells to damaged epithelial cells, rejuvenating their health. This discovery could lead to more effective therapies for lung disease in humans by engineering mesenchymal stem cells to produce healthy mitochondria.
Researchers have discovered Leishmania parasites reproduce sexually in wild sand flies, leading to a better understanding of the disease's spread. This breakthrough sheds light on how the parasite becomes genetically adapted for successful transmission by sand flies, resulting in human disease.
Researchers with the ANDRILL Program discovered thousands of small sea anemones burrowed into the underside of the Ross Ice Shelf, a first for a species to live in ice. The newly identified species, Edwardsiella andrillae, can be found hanging from the ice surface, with no clear mechanism for survival or reproduction.
A recent study has made significant progress in understanding the role of DNA in predisposing individuals to diseases such as type 2 diabetes. The research integrated computational methodology with experimentation to identify genetic variants that promote disease by interfering with gene regulation and altering fat cell function.
Researchers identified critical complex mechanisms involved in TNBC metastasis, including the interaction between WAVE3 and TGF-β proteins. The discovery has the potential to develop new treatments to kill metastatic tumors in TNBC, with the goal of moving into clinical trials within three years.
A study in South Africa found that nearly half of XDR-TB patients discharged into the community were treatment failures, posing a significant risk to public health. The study also revealed that these patients could survive for months or even years, allowing them to infect others.
Researchers at IRCM, in collaboration with McGill University, reveal the importance of DNA architecture in controlling gene activity, especially during embryonic development. This discovery could significantly impact genetic disease diagnosis and treatment.
A novel study found that a single stem cell injection following meniscus knee surgery can provide significant pain relief and aid in meniscus regrowth. The treatment showed no 'clinically important' safety issues, with some patients experiencing strong improvement in pain and meniscal regrowth.
New research reveals that macrophage populations mediate tumor cell removal following monoclonal antibody treatment. Additionally, targeting the p57Kip2 pathway in adults with type 2 diabetes may improve β cell function and expand β cell mass.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine found a new way to boost survival of pediatric patients whose hearts stop while hospitalized. The new training approach, which includes everyone who responds to a pediatric code event, resulted in a 60% increase in survival rates compared to the national average.
A recent study by McGill University researchers discovered a direct link between brain metabolism and signaling, which may explain why seizures in some epilepsy patients can be controlled with a specially formulated diet. The research also found that the mitochondria of brain cells play a crucial role in energy production and signaling.
A US study found that drivers with a blood alcohol content (BAC) as low as 0.01% are more likely to be blamed for accidents than sober drivers. Drivers in this range were 46% more likely to be solely blamed by accident investigators.
Duke researchers found that neurons in the superior colliculus use two different strategies when responding to visual and auditory stimuli, contradicting previous theories. This discovery opens up a mystery regarding the underlying mechanism of how vision captures sound.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered two proteins that control the structure of chandelier cells, a type of inhibitory neuron important in epilepsy and schizophrenia. The study found that DOCK7 and ErbB4 regulate axonal projections, allowing one cell to block or modify hundreds of other cells.
Guohua Cao is developing a novel, five-dimensional micro-computer tomography scanner to image atherosclerotic plaques in transgenic mouse models. The system combines three separately developed technologies to provide high spatial and temporal resolution images of small animals.
Researchers found that macrophage populations actively phagocytose tumor cells following monoclonal antibody treatment. Optimized therapies may enhance macrophage recruitment and activity to improve removal of circulating tumor cells in cancer patients.
Researchers found that internet-based surveillance can detect infectious diseases like Dengue Fever and Influenza up to two weeks earlier than traditional methods. This early detection enables timely public health responses, potentially reducing the spread of epidemics.
System 94S continues to track over Western Australia and the Northern Territory, with NASA's Aqua satellite detecting powerful thunderstorms northwest of the low-pressure center. Heavy rainfall warnings have been issued for the region, with some storms potentially producing heavy rain rates.
Researchers discovered how Group A streptococcus turns deadly and found a potential new treatment using asparaginase, a protein that digests asparagine. This study opens the way to possible new treatments for bacterial infections.
A new multi-model analysis suggests that achieving a 40% reduction in EU emissions by 2030 is feasible and would require little to no additional costs. The study, led by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, found that technological innovation could help reduce costs and meet long-term climate targets.
The use of lead-free steel shot in Spanish wetlands has significantly reduced waterfowl poisoning, with a 50% decrease in lead accumulation detected. Researchers attribute this to the change in material from lead to steel shot.
Researchers from Duke University and Boston University found over 5,900 natural gas leaks under Washington, D.C., with concentrations as high as 500,000 parts per million. The leaks pose explosion risks and release high levels of methane, a powerful greenhouse gas.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a potential new treatment for PTSD by using an HDAC2 inhibitor to make brain memories more malleable. This approach may be more effective than traditional psychotherapy alone in treating patients with well-established traumatic memories.
The study sheds light on the genetic overlap between modern dogs and wolves, suggesting interbreeding after dog domestication. Dogs are more closely related to each other than wolves, regardless of geographic origin, indicating a shared ancestry that diverged in recent past.
A new study presents a carbon nanotube sponge that can absorb water contaminants, such as fertilizers, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals, with improved efficiency. The sponge's porous structure and rough surface enable it to absorb oils and solvents up to 150 times its initial weight.
A study published in PLOS Pathogens has identified a key player in the movement of schistosome parasites: serotonin receptors. The discovery opens up new avenues for developing targeted treatments against this parasitic flatworm, which affects millions worldwide and kills an estimated 250,000 people annually.
Patients with a single illness and polypharmacy face higher hospital admission risk, while those with multiple conditions have near-normal risk. Sophisticated approaches to assessing medication appropriateness are needed.
Researchers discovered that despite apparent signs of improvement, GCA patients' neutrophils become severely altered after steroid therapy, potentially leading to stroke or blindness. This finding could lead to better clinical insight into disease progression and therapeutic control for GCA patients.
Researchers replicated human pancreatic beta cells in a mouse model using a silencing inhibitor, showcasing their ability to replicate while maintaining mature properties. The study's findings have implications for developing treatments to enhance beta-cell mass and insulin production for both type 1 and 2 diabetic patients.
Researchers discovered a novel metamorphosis hormone that triggers the transformation of moon jellyfish from polyps to medusas in response to cold temperatures. This understanding may offer new methods for controlling moon jellyfish blooms and preventing ecological damage.
A novel study suggests that monitoring inactive chronic hepatitis B (HBV) carriers is a cost-effective strategy for China. The M&T strategy, which includes twice-yearly assessment of HBV and ALT levels, would result in significant health benefits at the population level, including reduced liver cancer and mortality rates.
Severe bushfires swept across South Australia, driven by record-breaking heat and strong winds. Firefighters struggled to control complex fires in rural areas, aided by additional water bombers from Queensland and Victoria.
A Dartmouth-led team has received an $8 million grant to study the effects of arsenic exposure on children's health, including allergies, infections, growth, and neurobehavioral development. The research aims to deepen understanding of environmental contaminants' impact on early life exposure and their long-term health consequences.
NASA's Aqua satellite detected powerful thunderstorms and cloud top temperatures exceeding -63F/-52C, indicating strong uplift in the low pressure area. The storm consolidated and organized into Tropical Cyclone 09S, expected to strengthen and bring gusty winds and rainfall to Mozambique.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in understanding human walking by identifying two phases: alleviation and launching. The ankle tendons release stored elastic energy to propel the leg forward with minimal energy loss.
A nationwide survey of state prison administrators found that Medicaid enrollment increased in preparation for release, improving access to basic health services. Most systems provided assistance with reenrollment, but termination policies were common, making it challenging for prisoners to access care upon release.
System 91W continues to bring floods and heavy rainfall to the central and southern Philippines, causing 31 deaths and 36 injuries. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center predicts a high chance of System 91W becoming a tropical depression within 24 hours.
Scientists reveal that Tibetan glaciers are losing mass, with a clear loss of around 16 gigatons per year. However, some glaciers in the central and north-western part of the plateau have grown in mass, contradicting previous data.
Scientists found that warming soil by 2 degrees Celsius alters microbial DNA to enhance carbon handling. The study reveals complex interactions between plants and microbes, impacting climate change predictions.
Researchers at NC State University have developed wearable, stretchable sensors using silver nanowires that can measure strain, pressure, human touch, and bioelectronic signals. These sensors hold promise for creating responsive prosthetics and robots that can interact with their environment.
A new study found that queen pheromones in wasps, ants, and some bees have a strikingly similar chemical structure, despite millions of years of evolution. The researchers suggest that these signals evolved from conserved cues used by solitary ancestors.