A recent study has identified five essential mutations allowing the H5N1 bird flu virus to spread through the air between ferrets. These findings could provide crucial insights for future surveillance and early warning systems, potentially preventing future pandemics.
Researchers from the University of Sheffield have challenged long-held assumptions about the Titanic's fate, revealing that the risk of icebergs is actually higher now. The study used data on iceberg locations dating back to 1913 and found that while 1912 was a significant ice year, it was not extreme in the long term.
Atrasentan has been shown to lower albuminuria by 36% without major side effects in patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease. The drug also lowers blood pressure and cholesterol levels, suggesting a potential benefit for patients at high risk of serious medical problems.
A new study suggests that global poverty figures could be underestimated by up to a third due to the use of an arbitrary 'dollar a day' poverty line. The research, conducted in Vanuatu, found that a more comprehensive picture of poverty takes into account basic human needs such as shelter, sanitation, and nutrition.
New research sheds light on how environmental stressors affect the cells of the developing brain, leading to conditions like schizophrenia and post-traumatic stress disorder. Yale scientists discovered a single molecular trigger, HSF1, that activates in brain cells exposed to toxins, making them susceptible to neuropsychiatric disorders.
A new strategy to help young people find jobs with fair wages and high-quality training has been developed by Professor Robin Simmons. The Youth Resolution concept tackles entrenched social problems, driving local growth and giving young people better career opportunities.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded Mount Sinai a $26 million contract to support pandemic preparedness and advance the understanding of flu biology. Researchers will conduct animal surveillance studies, analyze virus-host interactions, and develop new vaccines.
Researchers at the University of Basel have developed a method to grow cartilage in the lab, enabling successful nose reconstruction surgery. The technique, known as tissue engineering, uses patients' own cells to create engineered cartilage that is implanted into the defect, resulting in improved functionality and cosmetic appearance.
A team of scientists identified a key regulator called FoxA that drives pharynx regeneration in planarian worms. The study reveals how stem cells sense loss of a structure and rebuild it, shedding light on the mechanisms behind regeneration in these animals.
A new study by Brigham Young University researchers has linked lingering brain injury from head trauma to social difficulties in children. The study found that the thickness of a specific brain region was associated with a child's social life and thinking skills.
A new study reveals that rapid development of new towns in Asia, Africa, and Latin America exposes low-income workers to natural disasters, diseases, and health risks. The research highlights the need for urban planners to consider the needs of poor communities when designing these cities.
Researchers calculate optimal schedules for thousands of situations, condensing findings into four general principles for rapid circadian shifting. An app called Entrain is available for free via the Apple store, providing a simple and mathematically optimal way to adjust across time zones.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed a new prototype battery that can fully charge a smartphone in under a minute, using nanodots derived from bio-organic materials. The technology increases electrode capacity and electrolyte performance, making it more efficient and eco-friendly than current battery technologies.
Scientists studying fetal stem cells that facilitate scarless wound healing aim to develop cell-based approaches to minimize scarring in adult wounds. Researchers have identified a new stem cell capable of participating in this process.
A study published in Springer's journal Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology found that rainbowfish born in the wild are braver than those bred in captivity. The researchers suggest that fear is heightened when primarily processed by a single brain hemisphere, making lateralized fish less bold.
A new study from the University of Warwick found that plant cells send specific signals to developing embryos to direct their growth and development. This discovery opens up possibilities for breeding more robust plant varieties with higher yields.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen found significant disagreement among experts about the severity of horse incoordination, also known as ataxia. The study aimed to establish clearer definitions for normal and abnormal gait patterns in horses, which could lead to greater agreement among specialists.
Researchers discovered that mechanical forces play a crucial role in T-cell recognition and signaling. The study found that the magnitude, duration, frequency, and timing of force application determine the outcome of an interaction between an antigen and a TCR. This new understanding adds another dimension to interactions with T-cells.
University of Chicago researchers created a proof-of-concept experiment to aid future development of programmable quantum computers. They replicated features of smaller, specialized computers by manipulating trillions of quantum mechanical spins in a crystal.
Research using data from NASA missions and computer simulations indicates an increase in noctilucent cloud presence between 40 and 50 degrees north latitude. Temperatures at high altitudes have decreased, raising questions about climate change.
Researchers have found epigenetic changes that increase the risk of developing cancer, which affect gene expression without altering the genes themselves. The study analyzed 3,500 tumors and identified genetic polymorphisms associated with an increased risk of cancer, highlighting DNA methylation as a key factor in the disease
Researchers may be able to design and synthesize stronger, more adaptable antibiotics from less expensive natural compounds using a specialized enzyme. By modifying an enzyme called KirCII, scientists hope to turn it into a set of wrenches that can install different molecular pieces to create new antibiotics.
Researchers studied the rapid solidification mechanism of undercooled Co-35%Cu-32.5%Pb immiscible alloys, which exhibit good lubrication properties in bearing materials. The study found that metastable phase separation occurs and solute redistribution profiles were established.
Researchers found that both denitrification and anammox are at work in the oceans, with a 70-30 ratio of nitrogen removal. The study settles a decades-long debate over how nitrogen is removed from the ocean and has real-world applications for understanding global climate and productivity.
Researchers found that two-thirds of women on antidepressants stopped breastfeeding after pregnancy, while one-third continued with successful outcomes. The health benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and children far outweigh any potential risks from medication.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have identified SGK1 enzyme as a potential target for treating asthma and boosting the effects of certain cancer therapies. The enzyme's role in regulating immune system T cells suggests that blocking it could inhibit asthma symptoms and enhance cancer treatment.
Researchers have successfully implanted laboratory-grown vaginal organs in four teenage girls with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, achieving normal function and structure over eight years post-surgery. The treatment shows promise for patients requiring vaginal reconstructive surgeries or those with vaginal cancer or injuries.
Researchers found that improved turf management practices on US golf courses enhance biodiversity and provide a habitat for stream salamanders. Simple management practices such as retaining woody debris and leaf litter can make a significant ecological difference.
A multidisciplinary team approach can help patients make informed decisions about surgery, considering medical treatment options, risks, and benefits. For the sickest elderly patients, a patient-centered treatment approach can lead to better outcomes.
A team-based approach suggests balancing surgical and non-surgical treatment options with the patient's values and goals. High-risk senior patients can benefit from informed choices among treatments, including no treatment.
Researchers used yeast to identify 50 main ways cells react to drugs, known as gene signatures, which could predict drug response and inform more effective therapies.
Researchers developed a novel molecular blood group typing technique that offers blood banks the possibility of extensive screening of blood donors at a relatively low cost. This technology can reduce adverse reactions and decrease blood bank costs by facilitating support for patients undergoing long-term transfusions.
The article examines how backtesting can lead to overfitting, resulting in misleadingly good results that don't translate to real-world performance. Researchers argue that few companies and researchers conduct out-of-sample testing, leading to a lack of transparency in investment strategies.
Researchers identified a new drug, AMPI-109, effective against triple-negative breast cancer by targeting the PTP4A3 oncogene. The study also provided molecular insights into the disease's biology.
The study proposes enhanced technologies and algorithms to increase data capacity and densification in short-range wireless networks, achieving speeds of up to 7Gbps per link. Beamforming is also explored as a solution for multi-gigabit connections between base stations and users, with an adaptive algorithm reducing interference.
The LGO program is a two-year dual degree program that prepares students to be good practitioners of operations research through a combination of technical skills and soft skills training. The program's emphasis on practical training, including a six-month internship at an industry partner company, has earned it international recognition.
Using spatial scanning, astronomers can now measure the distance of stars up to 10,000 light-years away with enhanced accuracy. This new technique is expected to provide insight into dark energy and refine estimates of the universe's expansion rate.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo found that men and women are equally accurate in gauging their partners' sexual satisfaction. The study identified good communication and emotion recognition as key factors predicting accuracy in gauging partner's satisfaction levels.
A.S.P.E.N. Clinical Guidelines developed recommendations for the care of pediatric patients with intestinal failure at risk of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease, while a prospective observational study found that feeding interruptions led to negative outcomes in critically ill patients. Intensive nutrition therapy also show...
A new study by Dartmouth investigators finds Medicare's current risk-adjustment methodology is flawed and ineffective in adjusting for population differences. The researchers suggest using wealth and health indices as an alternative to explain regional mortality rates, outperforming the current diagnosis-based method.
KAIST researchers developed a flexible thermoelectric (TE) generator on glass fabric that produces electricity from human body heat, overcoming the limitations of existing TE generators. The new generator is extremely light, flexible, and compact, with a self-sustaining structure that eliminates thermal energy loss.
Tropical Cyclone Ita has intensified to a Category Four hurricane with winds near 132 mph, threatening catastrophic damage and power outages in Queensland. NASA's Terra satellite captured visible images of the storm, revealing powerful thunderstorms and heavy rainfall rates reaching up to 163 mm/h.
Researchers at Princeton University and PPPL are developing a unique process to verify that nuclear weapons contain true warheads. The goal is to confirm the authenticity of inspected items without revealing sensitive information.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have found fossilized embryos from the Cambrian Period, which provide clues to the origins and developmental biology of early animals. The discovery includes over 140 spherically shaped fossils, some featuring features reminiscent of division stage embryos.
A study published in Psychological Science found that people's orientation affects their perception of distance. The researchers discovered that moving in a certain direction makes places ahead feel nearer than those behind, regardless of actual distance. This phenomenon is linked to feelings of social similarity and emotional engagement.
A new collaborative study by University of Wisconsin-Madison and Cornell University found that single mothers do not delay marriage to boost their tax credit. Instead, they focus on maximizing their refunds through tax filing status changes, such as claiming zero dependents.
Researchers at Stowers Institute for Medical Research identify a critical developmental window of one week after birth for establishing proper olfactory neuron connections. After this period, regenerated neurons lose the capacity to make correct connections and may become mis-wired.
A study funded by the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke found that mutations in the LRRK2 gene may cause excessive protein production, leading to cell death. This could provide a new target for monitoring Parkinson's disease and developing therapies.
The study identifies the world's top 50 most evolutionarily distinct bird species, including the South American oilbird and the Christmas Island frigatebird. These species have unique genetic characteristics that make them crucial for preserving the tree of life.
The American Mathematical Society has recognized Paul Sally's contributions to mathematics education, including the establishment of programs such as SESAME and YSP. His work with teachers and students at the precollege level has had a significant national impact.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a method to manufacture porous silicon using solar energy, which can generate hydrogen from water when exposed to sunlight. The material's high surface area and nanoscale size enable it to act as an effective catalyst, aiding in the production of hydrogen gas.
Researchers developed new cell models to study circadian rhythms, enabling screening of candidate small molecules for improving clock function. These cell models can be used in basic labs and large-scale pharmaceutical firms to screen candidate drugs.
Scientists have developed a new technique to convert astronaut urine into fuel and drinking water, reducing the waste burden in space missions. The Urea Bioreactor Electrochemical system efficiently converts urea into ammonia, which is then turned into energy with a fuel cell.
JILA researchers developed a new AFM probe design that improves precision and stability in picoscale force measurements. The shorter, softer probes enable rapid, precise measurements of biomolecules like proteins and DNA, allowing for the study of folding and stretching events.
A recent survey by an international research team found that Liberia's chimpanee population is one of the most viable in West Africa, with over 70% living outside protected areas. The results provide crucial information for site prioritization and conservation efforts.
The Lemelson-MIT Program announced winners of the National Collegiate Student Prize Competition, recognizing inventive undergraduate and graduate students. The competition awarded $50,000 in prizes to students working on technology-based inventions that can improve healthcare and consumer devices.
A panel of international experts will discuss the pros and cons of genetically modified (GM) crops in improving European food security. Recent research shows that consumers are increasingly concerned about GM foods, with 11% checking labels for information on GM content.
Researchers found that rheumatoid arthritis patients have a 1 in 4 chance of developing chronic kidney disease over a 20-year period, compared to the general population's 1-in-5 risk. Patients should work to keep blood pressure under control and avoid medications damaging to the kidneys.
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found that relationship-focused training had a small but statistically significant effect on measured health outcomes in patients with conditions such as obesity and diabetes. The study suggests that a good patient-clinician relationship can produce health effects similar to some common t...
Researchers will study amounts and types of aerosols influencing cloud formation in the Amazonia region. The three-year project aims to understand how the Amazon rainforest influences storm formation and internal water cycling.