A survey of science teachers found that while they support the new approach, they struggle to believe all students can explore science using argumentation. In low-income schools, pressure to meet testing requirements limits its use.
Researchers have developed a method to calculate the optimal dose of helium ions for radiation treatment, showing promising results in treating pediatric patients with neuroblastoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma. The use of helium ions may provide greater accuracy and reduced uncertainties compared to conventional radiotherapy or proton therapy.
Patients with HPV+ throat cancer have good prognosis, but tumors elsewhere in the head and neck have no prognostic effect of being HPV+, researchers found. HPV status has significant impact on tumour control, survival, and death from any cause for oropharyngeal cancers.
UC Davis researchers have identified a genetic mutation responsible for cleft palate in Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers, providing a new model for studying the craniofacial defect. This discovery may lead to a better understanding of cleft palate in humans and its associated complications.
The technology is being showcased at the AACR Annual Meeting, where researchers are highlighting its potential for cancer research. Studies have demonstrated the use of ddPCR to track treatment response in melanoma patients and quantify mutant genes in plasma and serum.
Research presented at EuroHeartCare 2014 found that visualizing a safe place reduced operative pain in patients undergoing ablation of atrial fibrillation. Patients who used visualization during the procedure were in pain less often and asked for fewer painkillers, with perceived pain intensity possibly also reduced.
Researchers found no association between calcium and increased risk of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. The meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials suggests that calcium supplementation with or without vitamin D may be safe for cardiovascular health.
A University of Colorado study shows that cancer cells can outlive chemotherapies by using autophagy, a process where cells recycle damaged parts. This finding has implications for developing drugs that inhibit autophagy to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy.
A recent study published at EuroHeartCare 2014 found that poor sleep doubles the risk of unplanned hospitalizations in patients with heart failure. The researchers analyzed data from nearly 500 patients and discovered that those with chronic sleep problems were two times more likely to be hospitalized than those without sleep issues.
A study of 749 postmenopausal women found that ankle fractures were associated with lower areal BMD and altered bone microstructure, similar to forearm fractures. These findings suggest that ankle fractures should be considered osteoporotic fractures in fracture risk assessment.
Dr. Vladyslav Povoroznyuk, President of the Ukrainian Osteoporosis Association, received the first CNS Medal from IOF. He has contributed to spreading key prevention messages and implemented local campaigns promoting bone health.
Researchers will investigate a gut parasite that negatively impacts honey bees, analyze pesticide effects, and model ecosystem stability in response to extinctions and invasions.
New research finds that increased scientific uncertainty in the climate system necessitates even greater action to mitigate climate change. The study shows that as uncertainty in temperature increase expected with a doubling of CO2 rises, so do economic damages and likelihood of exceeding safe temperature limits.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute have discovered a combination therapy that overcomes tumor cell resistance to cisplatin, a widely used cancer drug. The therapy, which involves combining a cell replication blocker with cisplatin, induces rapid and synergistic cell death in resistant tumor cells.
Syracuse University chemists discover enzyme-like activity in seven amino acid peptides, shedding light on the origins of life and potential new catalysts for metabolic reactions. The breakthrough supports the theory that amyloid fibrils may have triggered early forms of life.
Researchers at UPCI discovered that a subset of patients with lobular carcinoma receive less benefit from adjuvant tamoxifen, indicating potential targets for drug therapy. The study suggests a unique signaling pathway regulated by estrogen in lobular carcinoma cells may be exploited in future clinical trials.
A UCLA psychology study reveals that a diet high in processed foods leads to weight gain, fatigue, and cognitive impairments. The research suggests that junk food diets, not lack of exercise or discipline, are responsible for obesity and related health issues.
A new species of horseshoe worm, Phoronis emigi, has been discovered in Japan after a 62-year gap, shedding light on the global diversity of the Phoronida phylum. The discovery is significant as it highlights the need for further investigations to reveal additional species.
A research team led by Karine Le Roch generated a 3D model of the human malaria parasite genome at three stages of its life cycle. The study revealed one major repression center for virulence genes, which could lead to new anti-malaria strategies by disrupting the parasite's genome architecture.
A new study found that ovarian cancer patients' disease-free survival rates significantly improved over time, particularly among those with poorer initial prognoses. The research suggests that considering the time elapsed since remission may provide a more accurate prognosis and inform better follow-up care decisions.
A survey of Scottish working dogs found that undocked breeds are at greatest risk of tail injuries. The authors suggest that docking these breeds by one-third could significantly decrease the risk of injury.
Researchers uncover complement pathway as primary immune mechanism driving endometriosis and ovarian cancer development. The discovery may lead to targeted preventive measures, such as immune therapy, for women with endometriosis at increased cancer risk.
Researchers at the University of Huddersfield are developing molecular wires that could replace silicon chips, offering significant increases in computing power and data storage capacity. The project, led by Dr. Nathan Patmore, is backed by an £800,000 Royal Society Research Fellowship.
Chinese researchers have discovered several key genetic mutations closely associated with adrenocortical tumors, including the activating hotspot L205R mutation in PRKACA gene. These findings provide new insights into the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Adrenal Cushing's syndrome.
A study in the Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics found a strong association between teen indoor tanning and unhealthy weight control behaviors. Females who used indoor tanning were more likely to report fasting, vomiting, or taking laxatives to lose weight.
Professor René Rizzoli has made significant contributions to understanding osteoporosis, a disease that affects millions worldwide. Through his work with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), he has helped promote medical innovation and improved care for patients.
A new algorithm developed by MIT researchers can aid robots in navigating unfamiliar buildings and understanding scenes. The algorithm identifies dominant orientations in 3D scenes, making it easier to re-identify landmarks and segment planes.
Researchers discovered two new genes, NEIL2 and OGG1, that modulate the risk of breast and ovarian cancer in women with high-risk mutations. The genes affect an alternative DNA repair pathway and may have implications for treatments like PARP inhibitors.
A new study published in Crime Science found that below ground offences are concentrated at particular stations, with the highest risk during morning and late afternoon peak travel periods. The research developed an algorithm to calculate the probability of where theft is most likely, helping authorities target resources more effectively.
Researchers at Michigan State University have identified the core signaling pathway that activates scleroderma and found chemical compounds that can turn it off. This discovery offers a new approach to treating the disease, which currently lacks effective treatments.
Researchers developed a genetic signature to identify men at high risk of prostate cancer recurrence after surgery or radiotherapy. The test uses DNA analysis from biopsy tissue and shows promise in predicting treatment failure with close to 80% accuracy.
A team of scientists at UCL and King's College London has developed a technique to restore function to paralyzed muscles using light-activated neurons created from stem cells. The method involves transplanting these motor neurons into injured nerve branches, which can be controlled by adjusting blue light pulses.
Researchers found that recurrent cancers have unique gene mutations sensitive to dasatinib, a promising new treatment option for recurrent head and neck cancers.
A study published at The Wistar Institute Cancer Center found that bacterial virulence proteins can suppress DNA repair proteins in epithelial cells, leading to genetic mutations that favor tumor development. This research opens the possibility of modifying colon cancer risk by altering gut bacteria populations.
A new program at University of the Pacific empowers low-income parents to guide their children on the path to college. The approach includes family information meetings, themed activity packets, and individualized attention to help parents feel more engaged and confident in supporting their kids' educational pursuits.
A study of 1228 women found that low-dose aspirin did not improve live birth rates or reduce pregnancy loss, but showed benefits for those who had experienced a single pregnancy loss within the previous year. Women should consult their healthcare providers before taking any medication while trying to conceive.
A Swedish study found that long-term low levels of vitamin D intake are associated with higher 10-year fracture risk in elderly women. The study showed that vitamin D insufficiency sustained over 5 years contributed to increased 10-year fracture incidence, especially in those with consistently low vitamin D levels.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study identifies AGL as a key driver of bladder cancer growth, linked to hereditary liver disease glycogen storage disease 3. Low AGL levels correlate with poorer prognosis and increased tumor proliferation.
Researchers discuss catastrophic rock avalanches, evidence of ancient rainfall, and geological phenomena in the High Atlas Mountains, western United States, and Italy. The studies provide insights into Earth's history, including a 4.5 ka seismic event, tectonic settings, and paleoprecipitation patterns.
Researchers from UH and Rice University collaborated to engineer a synthetic gene circuit that compensates for temperature changes. The team used mathematical modeling to design the plasmid and created a genetic clock with a stable period across various temperatures.
Two recipients, Paldeep S. Atwal and Jamie J. Barea, received the award to support their training in clinical biochemical genetics and metabolic diseases diagnosis and treatment. The $75,000 grant will sponsor one year of subspecialty training in biochemical genetics after residency.
A new study by Dartmouth researchers found that young people are increasingly influenced by tobacco marketing, with exposure to coupons and websites associated with increased smoking rates. Black and Hispanic youth are disproportionately affected.
A new study found that antioxidants may increase DNA damage from omega-6 fatty acids, but reduce formation of another type of damage. Green tea polyphenol and alpha-lipoic acid showed mixed effects on these damages.
Dr. Huma Q. Rana received the 2014 Richard King Trainee Award for her manuscript on Parkinson Disease Risk in GBA Mutation Carriers. The award recognizes outstanding research in genetics and genomics, supporting trainees' careers and promoting high-quality publications.
The Too Fit to Fracture Initiative presented exercise recommendations for individuals with osteoporosis and spine fractures. The panel recommends a multicomponent exercise program with resistance and balance training, and daily balance training and endurance training are recommended for all individuals with osteoporosis.
Researchers found that reducing indium nitride's dimensions can produce green light with higher energy, leading to more efficient LEDs. The nanostructures can be tailored to emit different colors of light, enabling the creation of natural-looking white lighting.
The AXA Research Fund has awarded €2 million to two Spanish researchers, Professor Ben Lehner and Professor David Ríos, to study age-related diseases and adversary risk analysis. Their research aims to predict a person's health future, combine experiments with computational data analysis, and examine threats with intelligent behavior.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have discovered that the amount of snow needed to trigger an avalanche in the Himalayas can be up to four times smaller than in the Alps. This finding has significant implications for mitigating natural hazards and safeguarding people on mountain villages, roads, and ski resorts.
A Norwegian study found that higher screen time was associated with lower bone mineral density in boys, while girls who spent more time on computers had higher BMD than their peers. The findings suggest that sedentary lifestyles during adolescence can impact bone health and increase the risk of osteoporosis.
A new analysis finds that research on diseases of the poor is disproportionately underfunded, exacerbating global health disparities. The study suggests that boosting scientific research within poorer countries could help close this gap and increase studies on underserved diseases.
Researchers created a patterned polymer material based on moth eyeballs that can eliminate glare from solar panels and electronic displays. The material also repels liquids and keeps grime in raindrops, solving issues with neighbors' solar panel spats and military detection.
A study by Denise Aydinonat and Dustin Penn found that solitary African grey parrots have shorter telomeres than those housed with mates, regardless of age. This suggests that both extreme social conditions can accelerate cellular aging and may serve as a biomarker for chronic stress.
A study of nearly 63,000 Norwegians found that moderate to severe depression increases the risk of heart failure by 40%. Depression triggers stress hormones and inflammation, which may accelerate heart diseases. Early detection and treatment can help improve outcomes.
Researchers at UPMC Cancer Institute discover plant-derived compounds that selectively target breast cancer cells, inhibiting growth and inducing death. These findings offer potential new approaches to preventing and fighting breast cancer.
Researchers have identified hundreds of open reading frames in long non-coding RNAs that may give rise to functional proteins using ribosome profiling. The method allowed direct quantification of messenger RNA fragments protected by the ribosome, revealing translated small open reading frames.
A clinical trial found that genetic screening can help doctors customize treatments for patients with advanced melanoma, reducing cancer recurrence risk by 63%. The study used ipilimumab therapy and identified biomarker signatures to tailor treatment plans.
In mice, obese fathers pass on their weight and gene expression changes to their daughters, increasing the risk of obesity and breast cancer later in life. This study provides evidence for a potential paternal link to cancer risk, challenging traditional research focus on maternal influences.
Researchers used functional PET imaging to show that neuroinflammation is higher in CFS/ME patients compared to healthy people. The study found associations between inflammation in certain brain areas and symptoms such as impaired cognition.
A study found that permanent brachytherapy preserves erectile function in approximately 50% of prostate cancer patients, improving treatment outcomes. Researchers call for further training on discussing and assessing sexual side-effects of radiation treatment to ensure adequate patient information.
Researchers have solved part of the hagfish slime mystery, revealing how super-strong protein threads are organized at the cellular level. The discovery provides valuable insights into producing synthetic versions of the threads for commercial use.