A multicenter study found that a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts significantly reduced the risk of peripheral artery disease. The study, published in JAMA, included over 7,400 participants and followed them for nearly five years.
Researchers successfully transplanted kidneys into 50 recipients using a robot-assisted procedure that cools the organ with sterile ice during operation. This innovative method reduces post-operative pain and complications compared to traditional open surgery.
A study published in JAMA found that more than one-third of FDA-approved drugs were approved based on a single clinical trial, without replication. The study analyzed the strength of clinical trial evidence supporting drug approvals from 2005 to 2012 and found significant variability in trial design and duration.
Researchers developed a mobile app and biosensors that can detect volatile chemicals by analyzing color patterns on the sensor's surface. The biosensors use a turkey-inspired design that changes color when exposed to different chemicals, allowing for easy identification of toxins.
A University at Buffalo research paper found that nanodevices in microcircuits can protect themselves from heat generation, preserving device function. This discovery could allow for more powerful smartphones and laptops without overheating issues.
A new UCLA study found that married men who waited until 25 or older to get married had stronger bones than those who got married earlier. In contrast, women with supportive partners had greater bone strength, regardless of their age at marriage. The study suggests that marriage quality plays a significant role in bone health.
A new study from North Carolina State University indicates that increasing electric drive vehicle use will have little impact on reducing carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxide emissions. The researchers found that even if EDVs made up 42 percent of passenger vehicles, there would be limited emission reductions.
Four PhD students will contribute to a £1.4 million research project to combat wheat stripe rust, a major threat to wheat production worldwide. The project aims to develop genetically resistant wheat varieties using genetic diversity in over 650 wheat varieties.
A study examines reasons for delay and denial of new drugs by the FDA, finding that preventable deficiencies in clinical trials account for significant delays. The study highlights the need for early dialogue between the FDA and drug sponsors to improve drug development strategies.
Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology and NASA have developed a simplified approach to the Miller-Urey experiment, which aims to recreate the conditions under which organic molecules could have formed on early Earth. The study successfully forms amino acids, building blocks of life, under primitive Earth conditions.
A study found wide variation in the quality of evidence used by the FDA to approve new drugs, including differences in trial size, design, and duration. This variability highlights the agency's flexible standards for approval, allowing for rapid approval of potentially effective therapies.
In deep, old, and nutrient-poor marine sediments, viruses outnumber microbes by up to 225 times, controlling the size and composition of microbial communities. Viruses produce new viruses that remain in sediment for longer periods due to limited enzymatic destruction, leading to a high turnover rate.
A new study by Berkeley Lab researchers found that white roofs are the most cost-effective option over a 50-year time span, with savings of $2 per square foot compared to black roofs. Green roofs, while more expensive upfront, offer environmental and amenity benefits that may mitigate their financial burden.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new transparent display system that can project images onto glass while maintaining transparency, enabling wide-angle views. The system uses nanoparticles to scatter specific wavelengths of light, allowing for clear visibility through the display.
Researchers discovered similar DNA organization in fish and mice, indicating a shared genetic mechanism for limb formation. The study suggests that digits evolved by modernizing an existing regulatory mechanism in fish, rather than through a radical change.
A Princeton University research team created a model to evaluate how human response to climate change may alter the agricultural utility of land. The study found that most conservation lands have low agricultural utility due to rugged terrain, but some areas could become more valuable for farming in the future.
Scientists will analyze 510 archived isolates of Campylobacter from human faeces to better understand its sources and transmission routes. The study aims to prevent Campylobacter-related illnesses, which cause over 21,000 hospital admissions and 100 deaths in the UK each year.
Researchers will characterize and compare shark behavior when human noises are detectable versus masked, aiming to disrupt detection of humans. They plan to use speakers or personal maskers to broadcast artificial signals that mimic or mask the detected sound cue.
A study found diagnostic microRNA panels in whole blood can distinguish patients with and without pancreatic cancer. The findings have potential for an early detection method, but further research is necessary.
Researchers found that women in violent relationships fear asking their partners to use condoms due to concerns about violent consequences, leading to inconsistent condom use. The study suggests that health providers should address IPV and fear of IPV when providing HIV prevention services.
Researchers discovered that dopamine-restoring drugs can improve visual function in animal models of diabetes. The study found that L-DOPA and dopamine receptor agonists improved acuity and contrast sensitivity, offering new avenues for treating diabetic retinopathy.
A device called MEDIC combines engineering and biochemistry to monitor specific drug levels in the bloodstream, offering potential for tailored prescriptions. The device uses microfluidic chambers lined with gold electrodes to detect target molecules in real-time.
Researchers have discovered a novel mechanism in salamanders that allows them to jump with minimal push-off force. This 'hip-twist jump' creates a high amount of elastic energy, enabling the animals to propel themselves upwards.
Researchers have found that trastuzumab can improve outcomes for bladder cancer patients with HER2 amplification, a known driver of aggressive tumors. The study identified 15% of MPUC patients had HER2 amplification, leading to faster growth and higher recurrence rates.
A study reveals that the Georgia Basin, a rigid soil bowl beneath Vancouver, can amplify earthquake effects, causing potential devastation beyond building codes' preparedness. The basin's unique geography traps and amplifies seismic waves, predicting extended shaking times for shallow quakes.
New research questions the effectiveness of increased enforcement measures against poaching, citing a potential increase in organized crime involvement. The authors argue that addressing the root causes of poaching, such as growing wealth gaps between African supply areas and Asian demand centers, is crucial to conservation efforts.
Researchers discovered similar 3D DNA organization in fish and mouse clusters, indicating the main mechanism for patterning tetrapod limbs was present in fish. The study suggests that digits evolved by modernizing an ancestral regulatory mechanism.
A computer-based individualized study schedule has been shown to significantly improve students' memory of material presented months earlier. Personalized review helped students remember more material on tests given at the end of the semester and a month later, with benefits also seen in long-term educational outcomes.
Research finds a link between childhood death of a nuclear family member and increased risk of psychosis. Exposure to suicide has the highest risk, especially in early childhood.
A Moffitt Cancer Center study found that consistent HPV vaccine recommendations from family doctors are lacking, contributing to low vaccination rates. The research team recommends more HPV vaccine recommendations by family physicians to increase uptake.
A large-scale US study reveals that people with multiple sclerosis have a decreased life expectancy compared to the general population. The median lifespan of MS patients was found to be 6 years less than that of non-MS individuals, with annual mortality rates being significantly higher.
A new study by the Great Lakes Integrated Sciences and Assessments Center reveals that Great Lakes evaporation is not as simple as previously thought. Evaporation rates in the fall can nearly offset water-level gains from winter ice cover, complicating efforts to forecast Great Lakes water levels.
A new study found that an estimated 530,494 children were injured in US emergency departments from 1990 to 2011 due to shopping cart-related incidents. The majority of injuries were head trauma cases, with a significant increase in concussions and closed-head injuries over the study period.
A contest for the best particle tracking technique found that each method has its own strengths, but none were deemed unequivocally superior. The challenge, which aimed to track hundreds of intracellular organelles, was marked by oversimplification in image series, limiting algorithm performance on real data.
Elena Conti wins the prize for her work on understanding the mechanisms governing RNA quality, transport, and degradation, while Denis Le Bihan receives it for his innovative brain imaging technique that has revolutionized stroke diagnosis and treatment. Both researchers will use the prize money to further their research.
Researchers found that fever suppression increases the number of annual cases by approximately five percent, corresponding to more than 1,000 additional deaths from influenza. The study suggests that taking fever-reducing medications can actually increase the transmission of the virus.
New research from Carnegie Mellon University's George Loewenstein and Georgetown University's Sunita Sah found that when COIs can be avoided, disclosure successfully deters advisers from accepting them. In experiments, advisers were more likely to give unbiased advice when they could avoid conflicts of interest.
New research suggests that older brains may take longer to process increasing amounts of knowledge, leading to slower performance on cognitive tests. This finding challenges traditional assumptions about cognitive decline in older adults, and instead highlights the role of experience in shaping brain function.
A new approach to produce transparent projection screens has been developed by a MIT team, enabling wide viewing angle, scalability to large size, and low cost. The technology uses color-sensitive nanoparticles to create a material that lets most ambient light pass through while scattering specific colors for high-resolution images.
A study found that training hospital staff in basic hospice strategies led to improved end-of-life care, including more orders for pain medication and the removal of nasogastric tubes. The intervention also increased the presence of advance directives, reducing distress for patients and families.
Researchers identified microRNA-22 as a key player in Ewing's Sarcoma, regulating KDM3A gene expression. Targeting KDM3A with small-molecule inhibitors may provide new therapeutic options for the disease.
Researchers found a strong correlation between fast eye movements and impulsivity in decision-making. The study suggests that people who make quick decisions may have a different way of evaluating time and reward in their brains.
A study found that yellow-breasted chat males visit multiple territories at night to search for partners during their fertile period, increasing reproductive success. The researchers used radio transmitters and triangulation software to track the birds' movements, revealing a previously unknown behavior in diurnal species.
NASA's Terra and Aqua satellites continue to monitor the movement of System 94S, a stubborn tropical low pressure area affecting Western Australia. The system is expected to bring heavy rainfall, including flash flooding, to parts of the region.
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that childhood cancer patients are no more likely to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than their healthy peers. Despite a life-threatening diagnosis, young cancer patients reported benefits from the experience, including greater empathy and closer relationships with fa...
A Swedish cohort study found a strong association between the Pandemrix anti-swine flu vaccine and an increased risk of narcolepsy in individuals under 20 years old. The study also detected a trend towards increased risk in young adults between 21-30.
A meta-analysis of studies found that patients with normal blood pressure at home but elevated blood pressure when measured at a clinic have an increased risk of death and cardiovascular events. Home blood pressure monitoring refined risk stratification, particularly for individuals with high-normal or masked hypertension.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab created highly sensitive tactile sensors using composite films of carbon nanotubes and silver nanoparticles, 10 times more sensitive than previous pressure sensors. These e-whiskers can be integrated into various systems to enable robots to 'see' and 'feel' their surroundings.
A new study found that high levels of depressive symptoms are associated with an increased risk of developing adult-onset asthma in African-American women. Women with depressive symptom scores of 16 or higher had a two-fold increase in asthma incidence compared to those with lower scores.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine found that using a compact elliptical device while sitting can lead to significant weight loss and prevention of weight gain. The study involved 32 participants who used the device for one hour daily, resulting in an average weight loss of 5.2 pounds per year.
A team of researchers has developed an x-ray diffraction technique to measure structural changes in microscopic areas on metallic tubing, allowing them to identify areas under local tensile stresses. This new technique has the potential to predict crack propagation and prevent costly failures in nuclear power plants.
A recent study by University of Montana faculty and graduate students found that wolf predation contributes to lower weight gain in calves on western Montana ranches. The study quantifies the economic impact of weight loss after a confirmed wolf kill, finding a $6,679 loss at sale for an affected ranch.
Researchers found that some polar bears in the western Hudson Bay population are using flexible foraging strategies, such as prey-switching and eating plants and animals. This behavior may help them survive in a rapidly changing environment where sea ice is melting earlier and freezing later.
Researchers at the University of Missouri found that salamander populations reflect forest habitat quality and can predict ecosystem recovery from logging. This study suggests a balance between timber harvest and conservation biology to maintain biodiversity.
Researchers found that homing pigeons memorize flight paths better in landscapes with visual complexity like rural areas with hedges. Pigeons struggle to remember routes in very open or dense environments.
A new study reveals that micropredators naturally occurring in freshwater bodies can efficiently consume the infectious stages of the deadly chytrid skin fungus, reducing infection pressure on amphibian hosts. This natural behavior may provide a realistic method for preserving amphibians in Bd-infected areas.
A study by Concordia University researchers found that oxytocin can increase emotional sensitivity in healthy young adults, leading to an overreaction to social cues. The study's lead author warns against using oxytocin as a treatment for mild social anxiety without proper medical supervision.
The probability of blindness from glaucoma has decreased by nearly half since 1980, with advances in diagnosis and therapy likely contributing to the reduction. However, a significant proportion of patients still progress to blindness, emphasizing the need for continued research and vigilant eye exams.
Researchers detect Tobacco Ringspot Virus in honeybees, suggesting a link to their decline. The study reveals that infected bees can transmit the virus to each other and even their queen mother.
A new study published in Molecular Biology and Evolution suggests that strong natural selection acted on lactase persistence in Iberia over the last 7,000 years. The 'calcium assimilation hypothesis' is challenged as sunlight in Iberia allows for vitamin D synthesis, making calcium deficiency less of a concern.