Researchers found that migrating animals release ammonia, which plays a significant role in shaping marine chemistry, particularly in low-oxygen zones. The study reveals that animal behavior on a large scale influences the ocean's chemistry, with implications for predicting ocean changes under climate change.
A new method using gold nanoparticles and light can measure the stickiness of mucus, which can help doctors monitor and treat lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The researchers found that this imaging method worked even when the mucus was sliding over a layer of cells.
Researchers will develop the KnowEnG tool, integrating multiple analytical methods for intuitive genome-wide data analysis. The center aims to create a powerful computational tool that offers new functional insights for genes being studied.
Researchers have discovered a new class of lipids in humans called fatty acid hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) that are linked to reduced inflammation and improved blood sugar levels in diabetes. FAHFA levels are low in humans with a high risk for diabetes, suggesting potential therapeutic opportunities for metabolic disorders.
Researchers discovered cesium carbonate generates an aggregate state that acts as the starting point for catalytic reactions. This finding has the potential to impact C-H functionalization reactions and catalytic reaction development.
Researchers found that traditional measures like GPA and GRE scores are inadequate for predicting success of non-traditional students. Instead, skills developed in the workforce are key to their academic success.
UPMC's investigation into GI scope-related infections led to the discovery that sterilization, not disinfection, is necessary in preventing serious infections. The new approach has already been implemented and no additional healthcare-associated infections have been linked to scopes since switching to sterilization.
A study published in Science found that sequencing a single region of a localized tumor can identify most cancer-driving genomic aberrations. The researchers identified 20 known cancer gene mutations across all regions of the same tumor, suggesting a potential connection to relapse.
The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) has implemented successful techniques to improve hand hygiene compliance, reducing infections by educating patients about proper hand-washing techniques. The initiatives have led to significant increases in hand hygiene rates, with near-perfect compliance rates maintained over time.
A new study by UCLA researchers demonstrates how maternal inflammation can trigger excessive division of neural stem cells, leading to brain overgrowth and autism-like behavior in offspring. The findings suggest a potential environmental factor contributing to the complex disorder.
A survey of 577 people in southern Ghana reveals that hunters and consumers perceive the risk of infection from eating bat meat as low, despite handling live bats and coming into contact with bat blood. The study finds that regulations alone are not effective solutions to reduce the practice.
Researchers found that combining five key healthy lifestyle behaviors - a healthy weight, low abdominal fat, regular physical activity, not smoking, and a balanced diet high in fruits and fiber - reduces the risk of bowel cancer. The study analyzed data from 347,237 men and women over 12 years and found a significant decrease in risk f...
A new technique called slug flow microextraction allows for the quick detection of drugs and monitoring of medical conditions using only a small sample of biological fluid. The method involves extracting target molecules from the sample and analyzing them with mass spectrometry, resulting in results in just minutes.
A University of Utah-led study used advanced imaging techniques to understand the inner workings of Protein Kinase A (PKA), a master switch regulating cellular functions. The research found that PKA changes shape with only one sensor, revealing new insights into its unique biological functions and potential targets for disease treatment.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt found that dimethylamine can greatly enhance the formation of aerosol particles from sulfuric acid, creating 'neutral molecular cluster' formations. This process could influence Earth's climate by affecting cloud condensation nuclei and precipitation patterns.
Researchers found that feeding mice with Rett syndrome a diet supplemented with triheptanoin improved their physical and behavioral symptoms. The oil helped normalize body fat, glucose, and fat metabolism, and increased social interest in other mice. The study offers potential hope for dietary treatment of autism spectrum disorders.
Physicists at the University of Warwick have discovered a new subatomic particle, Ds3*(2860)ˉ, which contains a charm quark and has spin 3. The discovery is expected to transform our understanding of strong interactions, one of four fundamental forces. Researchers believe that studying this particle will provide valuable insights into ...
Researchers quantify physical changes in red blood cells as they mature, finding that surface area loss is the primary factor, despite initial thought to be vesicle shedding. The study's findings could aid in early detection of clinical conditions with altered maturation patterns.
Researchers found that decaf coffee consumption was linked to lower levels of abnormal liver enzymes in a study of over 27,000 participants. The study suggests that chemical compounds in coffee other than caffeine may help protect the liver.
Researchers at Harvard University have made a breakthrough in producing human insulin-producing beta cells equivalent to normally functioning cells, offering hope for new diabetes treatment. The development involves massive quantities of human embryonic stem cells and could lead to drug discovery and transplantation therapy.
The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) will develop new strategies for mining and understanding complex biomedical data sets. The center's findings will help shape guidelines for future data integration and use.
The study reveals that biopolymer filaments undergo a transition from entangled spaghetti-like structures to aligned bow-shaped filaments when in flow, leading to dramatic shear-thinning behavior. This finding may aid the search for renewable alternatives and provide insights into biological processes such as cytoplasmic flow.
Eleanor Roosevelt integrated her domestic and global perspectives through radio broadcasting, showcasing her ability to balance public and private personas. Her pioneering use of radio allowed her to negotiate these contrasts effectively.
Tropical Cyclone Hudhud is consolidating and getting more organized, with a developing eye. Warnings have been issued for heavy rainfall, storm surges, and high winds along the northern Andhra Pradesh coast and south Odisha coastline of eastern India.
The University of Pittsburgh has been awarded a four-year, $11 million grant to lead a Big Data to Knowledge Center of Excellence. The center will develop and disseminate tools that can find causal links in large biomedical data, enabling researchers to uncover new insights in health and disease.
Scientists discovered a new material, WTe2, exhibiting unlimited growth in magnetoresistance when exposed to strong magnetic fields. This phenomenon could be useful for detecting magnetic fields in scanners.
A new study found that PCBs can infiltrate the placenta during pregnancy and affect thyroid hormone activity at the cellular level. This may be particularly concerning for pregnant women who smoke, as it can lead to higher levels of the enzyme CYP1A1 in the placental tissue.
A new study by the University of Michigan and NASA reveals that the Four Corners region in the US Southwest has the largest methane signal seen from space, with over half a teragram emitted annually. The research uses satellite data to identify the source of the emissions, which are likely caused by infrastructure and coalbed methane.
The Scripps Research Institute and Scripps Translational Science Institute will receive funding for a new Center for Excellence in Big Data Computing, enabling the collective mining of biomedical data. The initiative aims to accelerate research efforts on rare diseases using open approaches and citizen science platforms.
A Yale study reveals the brain's control over transforming white fat into brown fat, which burns energy and aids in weight loss. The researchers found that neurons controlling hunger and appetite regulate this process, suggesting a novel approach to combating obesity.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured visible and infrared images of Super Typhoon Vongfong, revealing a Category 4 storm with two concentric eyewalls. The typhoon is expected to weaken slowly over several days, affecting Japan's islands.
A study by researchers at The Rockefeller University has identified a new class of brain cells that play a crucial role in regulating female social behavior in mice. These oxytocin-responsive neurons are found in the prefrontal cortex and may mediate other aspects of behavior in response to elevated oxytocin levels.
Neuroscientists at USC will establish two Centers of Excellence to mine brain data, aiming to identify new treatments for autism, Alzheimer's disease, and mental illness. The $23 million awards total $12 million and $11 million over four years, supporting large-scale analyses that could revolutionize neurological research.
A study reveals that distinct genetic mutations in neurodevelopmental disorders produce similar molecular effects, suggesting a one-size-fits-all therapeutic approach may be effective for conditions like seizures and ADHD. The research identifies shared molecular pathways involved in these diseases, providing new insights into their ca...
A study found that recent policy changes did not create racial disparities in the management of anemia and mineral metabolism among dialysis patients. The analysis of 7384 patients at 132 facilities showed similar trends in laboratory measures and management practices for different races.
Researchers discovered that DNA scaffolding plays a crucial role in controlling gene expression by forming topologically associated domains. These domains contain super enhancer regions that enhance or repress gene activity.
Researchers found that clove oil herbicide did not consistently improve weed control in organic Vidalia sweet onions. The study concluded that the herbicide was not effective enough to justify its expense due to issues with maintaining an emulsion and affecting onion yield.
Three new species of leafhoppers from China's Futasujinus genus were identified and described, one named after Dr. Chris Dietrich, a renowned University of Illinois entomologist. The newly discovered species exhibit unique characteristics, including processes on their aedeagal shafts.
Scientists have discovered that wild tomato species like Solanum habrochaites and Solanum peruvianum contain higher levels of antioxidants, which can help improve the health-related characteristics of cultivated tomatoes. The study provides valuable insights for breeding programs aiming to enhance antioxidant traits in elite tomato lines.
Dr. James Davis is being honored by the geoscience community for his work in advancing earthquake hazards preparedness and mitigation in the US. He has helped shape how geoscientists communicate with the public about seismic environments, and has been instrumental in implementing the Seismic Hazards Mapping Act in California.
Researchers at Wyss Institute have developed a method to form tiny 3D metal nanoparticles in prescribed shapes using DNA as a construction mold. The breakthrough has the potential to advance laser technology, microscopy, solar cells and more.
A team of researchers uncovered how Protein Kinase A II-beta changes shape in response to cAMP, revealing its internal architecture and ability to regulate energy consumption and hormone interactions.
Experts urge greater investment in ocean research to address pressing marine-related issues. The declaration sets a five-year roadmap for integrated policy-oriented ocean scrutiny and identifies four key policy goals: valuing the ocean, capitalizing on European leadership, advancing ocean knowledge, and breaking scientific barriers.
Researchers found that universal MRSA screening and isolation can prevent nearly three hospital-acquired MRSA infections but come with a high cost. Targeted screenings for high-risk patients also showed limited success in preventing infections while resulting in financial losses.
A team of researchers, led by Michigan State University astronomer Laura Chomiuk, has discovered the location where a nova explosion emitted gamma rays. Using highly detailed radio telescope images, they pinpointed the source to a stellar explosion, which may be common in other nova explosions.
High-resolution radio-telescope images have revealed the locations where a stellar explosion called a nova emitted gamma rays, a previously mystifying phenomenon. The discovery also provided insights into the probable mechanism of gamma-ray emissions in other nova explosions.
Researchers at UT Arlington are creating a wearable interface that uses sensors to monitor the fitting of prosthetic devices and adjust accordingly. The interface aims to improve comfort and reduce discomfort for users, who often experience issues such as blistering and ulcers due to volume changes in their residual limbs.
A team of researchers has captured a high-resolution image of the HIV surface spike protein, revealing its dynamics and structure. This breakthrough provides new information on how the virus infects cells and may lead to the development of more effective treatments.
Researchers have found that circulating tumor cells in the blood can accurately reflect the genetic status of metastatic breast cancer patients. This discovery could help guide treatment decisions and track patient progress without requiring repeat biopsies.
A recent study by UC Davis found that mountain lions in southern California are experiencing severe genetic diversity loss, with the Santa Ana Mountains displaying lower genetic diversity than other regions. The study highlights the urgent need to maintain connectivity for coastal mountain lions across I-15.
Researchers discovered that mice with Fragile X Syndrome exhibit perceptual learning deficits when using their whiskers to navigate through sensory-rich environments. This study may provide an effective model for investigating brain circuitry alterations and testing drugs to improve symptoms in children.
Researchers found that empowering leaders can foster creativity in employees with high uncertainty avoidance and trust. Managers should focus on developing affect-based trust before empowering their team members. By establishing these conditions, managers can create an environment that encourages employee creativity.
A study by Penn State researcher Dunja Antunovic found that the media mostly celebrated female NFL referee Shannon Eastin's debut, but failed to provide comprehensive analysis of gender issues in sports. The research highlights structural barriers that hinder women's participation in traditionally male roles.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have created a prosthetic hand system that allows amputees to discern familiar sensations across their artificial hands. The system, which uses electrical stimulation, has enabled patients to regain control over their prosthetic limbs and even perform tasks like holding grapes in their mou...
New research reveals the complete structure and movement of HIV spikes, shedding light on how the virus evades detection by the immune system. The findings suggest a ground-state, pre-fusion form of the spike should be targeted in an effective HIV vaccine.
Researchers found that mangrove habitats in the U.S. Virgin Islands are providing a refuge for over 30 species of reef corals, which thrive under the shade of red mangroves but bleach in unshaded areas. This adaptation may help corals survive rising ocean temperatures and acidification.
A new study found that an online learning intervention improved medical residents' attitudes and communication skills towards patients with substance use disorders. The study suggests that primary care physicians can play a key role in preventing and treating substance use disorders.
Astronomers discovered a black hole named P13 that is consuming gas from a nearby star 10 times faster than previously thought possible. The black hole is ingesting a weight equivalent to 100 billion billion hot dogs every minute.
Researchers discovered that chromosome rearrangements can induce additional errors in cell division, leading to genetic instability. The study found that misplaced DNA segments can lead to the formation of extra cohesion sites, causing abnormal chromosome stretching during cell division.
Tropical Storm Hudhud formed on Oct. 8 in the Northern Indian Ocean after a period of dormancy, with maximum sustained winds near 45 knots. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center predicts the storm will strengthen into a hurricane and make landfall near Visakhapatnam on Oct. 10.