Engineers at the University of Pittsburgh's Swanson School of Engineering are proposing enhanced modeling and simulation technology and new qualification standards for additive manufacturing. The research aims to improve quality and product integrity while reducing manufacturing time and costs.
The study found that hardwiring AHA guidelines into an electronic ordering system resulted in a significant reduction of telemetry orders, with a 70% decrease in average weekly orders and a 57.8-hour reduction in telemetry duration. The average daily cost for non-ICU cardiac telemetry also decreased substantially.
A new research study published in JAMA Pediatrics analyzed the effects of different exercise programs on obese youths. The study found that combining aerobic exercise with resistance training resulted in significant weight loss and reduced body fat compared to other exercise programs or diet-only control groups.
Tropical Storm Fung-Wong moved through East China Sea, weakening to 40 knots near Shanghai, before curving towards South Korea. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center expects Fung-Wong to become extra-tropical by Sept 24 or 25, leading to dissipation.
Researchers developed modular components that can be snapped together to build 3-D microfluidic systems, simplifying the construction process and reducing costs. The components are inspired by electronics industry technology and use 3D printing to create standardized modules with various functions.
Researchers challenged the long-held principle that separate groups of nerves and receptors are responsible for distinct components of touch. They found that all types of afferents contribute to the overall sensation, regardless of specific textures or shapes. This new understanding has far-reaching implications for the study of somato...
Researchers have discovered a way to create a metal layer on silicon that can lead to faster computing without overheating. The new topological insulator could enable the development of quantum computers and spintronic devices that are billions of times faster than conventional computers.
Researchers found that Arctic sea ice helps remove large amounts of CO2 from the atmosphere through chemical processes. The discovery suggests that every winter, newly formed sea ice forms flower-like structures called frost flowers, which hold high concentrations of calcium carbonate and can impact the potential CO2 uptake in the Arctic.
A systematic review supports the use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who don't respond to other treatments. Bilateral DBS techniques are recommended for carefully selected patients, improving OCD symptoms by around 30 percent.
A study by researchers at the UC Davis MIND Institute found that mothers of children with autism are less likely to report taking iron supplements before and during pregnancy. The risk is five-fold greater in children whose mothers had low supplemental iron and other risk factors for delivering a child with ASD.
Researchers use fossils to reconstruct ancient ecosystems on the Bahamian island of Abaco, where megafauna like crocodiles and tortoises once flourished. The study's findings suggest that reptiles played a dominant role in these ecosystems, providing vital clues for conservation efforts.
Researchers developed a T-MOC device to study tumor-microenvironment interactions, enabling the testing of nanoparticles and drugs targeting cancer. The chip can mimic human tumors, providing insights into targeted delivery methods.
A prospective, longitudinal study found that single family room NICUs provide optimal levels of maternal involvement, developmental support, and staff involvement, leading to better medical and neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants. Infants cared for in single family rooms had improved weight gain, fewer medical procedures, l...
The Gauss von Mises (GVM) distribution offers improved predictive capabilities for tracking infrequently-observed space objects. This new approach allows for more accurate prediction of satellite and debris locations, enabling better resource allocation and detection of potential collisions.
A recent study published in JAMA Neurology found that patients treated with statins after suffering a hemorrhagic stroke were more likely to survive than those who weren't. The researchers also discovered that stopping statin treatments for these patients may carry substantial risks.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation has awarded 200 NARSAD Young Investigator Grants to promising young scientists, valued at over $12.7 million, to conduct groundbreaking neurobiological research on psychiatric disorders affecting one in four people.
Researchers will examine the relationship between open clinical records and wrong patient errors to determine best CPOE system formats. The study aims to identify optimal record openness settings to prevent medical errors.
A University of Utah study suggests that stories told over firelight helped human culture and thought evolve by reinforcing social traditions and promoting harmony. Researchers analyzed scores of daytime and firelight conversations among !Kung Bushmen, finding that nighttime discussions involved more storytelling and imaginative thought.
Research found that workers experiencing high levels of job insecurity were more likely to develop asthma. The study, based on a German survey, indicates a potential link between psychological stress and new onset asthma.
A new study published by Oregon State University researchers found that a compound called xanthohumol, found in hops and beer, enhances cognitive flexibility in young mice. However, it had no effect on older mice or their learning and cognitive performance.
A new review published in PNAS reveals that Americans view scientists as competent, but not entirely trusted. To gain public trust, scientists should focus on conveying warm intentions and expertise, rather than persuasive agendas. The study's findings highlight the importance of warmth and trustworthiness in scientific communication.
Researchers at Dartmouth College have developed a new approach to computer security using a wearable device called ZEBRA, which authenticates users continuously and automatically logs them out when they leave. The technology has shown high accuracy rates in verifying the correct user and identifying adversaries.
A survey of over 30,000 European nurses found that extended shifts and overtime lead to lower standards of care, safety, and missed necessary patient care. Nurses working long shifts are 30% more likely to report poor quality of care compared to those working traditional eight-hour shifts.
The study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, uses control theory to analyze heart rate data from athletes and found that a healthy heart must maintain certain patterns of variability during exercise to keep the body in balance. This variability is essential for maintaining homeostasis and preventing fati...
A comprehensive review of sports concussions highlights the evolution of concussion treatment and research, from helmets to rule changes. Neurosurgeons emphasize the importance of helmet safety and cultural changes in reducing head injuries.
Researchers discovered a way to boost sensitivity of graphene-based sensors by exploiting the unique electronic properties of grain boundaries. By analyzing these imperfections, scientists created an 'electronic nose' that can detect single gas molecules, revolutionizing chemical sensing applications.
Research suggests that sponsorship of nutritional supplements and sports drinks at sporting events may be misleading the public about their health benefits. The lack of strong scientific evidence for these products' effectiveness raises concerns about their value and cost.
Rutgers will develop programs to expose graduate trainees to non-academic careers in the biomedical science and engineering ecosystem. The university's successful application was submitted jointly by CIVET and GSBS, guiding researchers in practical application and commercialization.
Arctic sea ice coverage reached its annual minimum of 1.94 million square miles in September 2014, the sixth lowest recorded since 1978. The summer started cool and lacked intense storms or persistent winds, contributing to the low extent.
A new RAND Corporation study found that only about one quarter of commercially-insured children treated for ADHD also receive psychotherapy, with significant variation in receipt of talk therapy across counties. The study highlights the need for improved access to behavioral therapy for children with ADHD.
A low-cost intervention educating teens about the malleability of personality traits may prevent increases in depressive symptoms. The study found that students who learned about personality change showed no increase in depressive symptoms, even if bullied.
The King Fire is an arson-caused fire that began on Sept. 13, 2014, fueled by hot, dry conditions, large amounts of fuel, and winds. It has grown to 82,018 acres in size and is currently 17% contained, prompting evacuations of over 2,800 people
Researchers at USC isolated a transcription factor, FBH1, that modulates circadian rhythms based on temperature, allowing plants to adapt to changing environments. This discovery could lead to heartier plants better equipped to deal with climate change.
The Visio.M consortium presents a safety package for compact electric vehicles, providing a safe compartment and passenger protection through advanced materials and sensor systems. The integrated safety concept uses radar and camera sensors to recognize critical situations and activate protective measures.
A four-year National Science Foundation-funded project aims to resolve the evolutionary relationships of zygomycetes through genome sequencing, fossil analysis, and bioimaging. The project will also develop educational resources highlighting the importance of this poorly known group of fungi.
A partial smoking ban at a homeless shelter led to reduced expired carbon monoxide levels, indicating less smoking and/or secondhand smoke exposure. Residents supported the policy change, with most smokers believing it would improve resident health.
Researchers have identified variant straw plants with highly digestible cell walls, paving the way for cost-effective and sustainable biofuels. These discoveries could help ease pressure on global food security and reduce carbon emissions, making them a promising solution to address climate change.
A UGA study found that employees who feel excluded at work engage in harmful behaviors like cheating and lying to enhance their group's performance. These actions can affect the bottom line and undermine productivity. Organizations can prevent this by addressing internal dynamics and norms.
A Northwestern Medicine study found that people drink more alcohol on days when they exercise, particularly Thursdays to Sundays. The study used smartphone technology to record daily physical activity and alcohol use, and found uniform results across age groups.
A novel study by Singapore researchers found that an increase in the Leo1 gene affects genes directly implicated in acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML), increasing cancer incidence. Inhibition of Leo1 and downstream signalling pathways offer a targeted treatment approach.
Research shows that influenza A potentiates pneumococcal co-infection by enhancing the bacterium's ability to colonize the nasopharynx and infect the middle ear. This interaction leads to increased inflammatory responses, allowing pneumococci to flourish in the host environment.
The American Association for Thoracic Surgery has released new evidence-based guidelines for preventing and treating perioperative and postoperative atrial fibrillation. The guidelines aim to reduce the incidence of POAF, which is associated with longer hospital stays, increased morbidity, and mortality.
A new study of 1074 cancer patients who smoke found that e-cigarette use did not help with quitting traditional cigarettes. The study, published in the American Cancer Society journal, found a three-fold increase in e-cigarette use among smokers over two years.
A new study found that pregnant women's immune cells produce more cytokines and chemokines when exposed to flu viruses, leading to a hyperinflammatory response. This unexpected finding highlights the need for new treatment approaches for severe influenza in pregnancy.
Researchers found evidence that the Zhada Basin in southwest Tibet lost 3,000 to 5,000 feet of elevation around 3-4 million years ago. This finding was confirmed using ancient snail shells and clumped isotope thermometry techniques.
Research found that environment plays a significant role in the development of eosinophilic esophagitis, a severe and often painful food allergy. The study also identified several environmental risk factors, including food allergies and high twin birth-weight difference.
The use of generic discount drug programs (GDDPs) has grown significantly since their introduction in 2006, with a notable increase in racial/ethnic minorities. GDDPs can help reduce medication costs and improve access to drug therapy for vulnerable populations.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association finds that reducing fossil fuel consumption can lead to cleaner air, increased physical fitness, and improved public health. The analysis highlights opportunities for co-benefits between climate change mitigation and human health.
A Massachusetts General Hospital study analyzed circulating tumor cells and found increased expression of extracellular matrix genes, which could be a novel therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer. The study also identified distinct classes of pancreatic CTCs with unique gene expression patterns.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have produced a trillion fusion neutrons using the MagLIF technique, which uses magnetic fields and a laser to preheat hydrogen fuel. The achievement demonstrates the viability of this novel approach for achieving break-even fusion.
A NYU study found that a classroom intervention program helps shy children improve their math and critical thinking skills, with effects substantially greater for shy kids compared to control group peers. The INSIGHTS program teaches teachers to recognize individual temperaments and support differences.
A new study finds that healthy lifestyle habits, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, can prevent four out of five coronary events in men. Researchers followed 20,721 Swedish men for 11 years and found that those with low-risk behaviors had significantly lower risk of heart attack.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University discovered that a genetic form of deafness is caused by the absence of thyroid hormone during development. The study found structural and molecular defects consistent with hypothyroidism or disrupted thyroid hormone action in affected mice.
Researchers at the University of Bonn discovered a previously unknown nerve cell shape that allows signals to be transmitted directly from dendrites to axons, bypassing the cell body. This unique structure facilitates faster and more efficient communication between neurons.
Researchers use CRISPR genome-editing system to target specific genes conferring antibiotic resistance, resulting in 99% killing of resistant bacteria. CombiGEM technology rapidly identifies genetic combinations that sensitize bacteria to different antibiotics.
A team of Stanford researchers has developed a protein therapy that disrupts the process of metastasis, which causes cancer cells to break away and spread. The treatment uses a harmless version of Axl protein that acts like a decoy to prevent Gas6 proteins from linking with it.
A new study finds that shale gas has comparable greenhouse gas emissions to conventional natural gas, but is better than renewables in some areas. However, it's worse than coal in others. The researchers recommend strict regulation to mitigate the environmental impacts of shale gas.
Researchers have developed a program that predicts the placement of chemical tags controlling gene activity based on DNA sequences. The analysis identified specific DNA patterns associated with epigenomic modifications, revealing new insights into gene regulation and potential therapeutic targets.
The Global Carbon Project predicts a 2.5% rise in CO2 emissions in 2014, reaching a record 40 billion tons, surpassing the 1,200 billion-ton quota for limiting global warming to 2°C. This could lead to climate change catastrophe if not addressed immediately.
Researchers at MIT and Harvard University have found a way to render excitons immune to defects, improving photovoltaic devices' efficiency. The team used topological protection to create excitons that move only on the surface of materials, governed by applied magnetic fields.