A study by the Stowers Institute for Medical Research reveals that the sea lamprey, a jawless vertebrate, exhibits a pattern of gene expression reminiscent of its jawed cousins, indicating that the genetic program used by jawed vertebrates was up and running ages before they possessed recognizable faces. This finding suggests that regu...
Research by the University of East Anglia found that walking and cycling to work improves mental health and wellbeing. Commuters who switched from driving to active transport reported improved concentration, reduced stress, and better psychological wellbeing.
University of Leeds researchers found that a single missed care step can lead to a 46% increased chance of death within a month of discharge and a 74% increased chance of dying within one year. The nine identified pathways of care include pre-hospital electrocardiogram, aspirin prescription, and cardiac rehabilitation referral.
Researchers developed a novel approach to target the activation of Ral proteins, which drive tumor growth in several human cancers. A compound called BQU57 proved most successful in slowing cancer cell growth and activation.
The ISAR-CLOSURE trial reported that vascular closure devices (VCD) are non-inferior to manual compression in patients undergoing transfemoral coronary angiography. VCDs were found to reduce time-to-hemostasis, but had a higher rate of repeat manual compressions.
The study found a sharp increase in early-stage breast cancer cases among 70-75 year olds after national screening was introduced, suggesting overdiagnosis. The researchers argue that personalized screening decisions based on remaining life expectancy and individual risk factors are necessary to avoid unnecessary overtreatment.
Researchers discovered that mice missing TRPML1 calcium channel developed similar muscle defects as those present in muscular dystrophy patients. Increasing the activity of this channel improved muscle membrane repair and restored function. The goal is to develop a drug that can activate TRPML1 for potential treatment in humans.
Researchers found that African Americans and Caribbean blacks who experience discrimination are at higher risk for anxiety, depression, and substance abuse. The type and frequency of discrimination matter, with hostile and character-based discrimination placing adults at considerable risk for mental health problems.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine discovered how Period and Cryptochrome genes interact to control the circadian clock. The findings have implications for developing drugs for diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.
A global study of over 87,000 individuals from diverse ethnic backgrounds has discovered 23 new genetic factors that contribute to the development of prostate cancer. The research, led by Keck School of Medicine at USC, provides valuable insights into the causes of this disease and may lead to better prevention strategies.
A study of over 41,000 patients with stage I and II Hodgkin's Disease found that those receiving consolidated radiation therapy had a higher 10-year survival rate of 84 percent compared to 76 percent for non-RT recipients. The data also showed a decrease in RT utilization, highlighting ongoing disparities in treatment.
Researchers found that high levels of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 before treatment correlated with lower survival rates and less complete tumor regression. A blood test for these proteins could help predict patients' pathological response and disease-free survival rates, allowing for more personalized treatment plans.
Researchers at NIST and the University of Waterloo directly entangled three photons, a breakthrough in quantum information systems. The use of superfast single-photon detectors enabled stable and high-quality results, paving the way for applications in quantum computing and quantum communications.
Research presented at ASTRO's 56th Annual Meeting found no association between radiation therapy and increased risk of lymphedema in women with clinically node-negative breast cancer. The study results provide reassurance for breast cancer patients regarding the impact of radiation therapy on lymphedema risk.
Dr. Mack, the first surgeon to receive the award, has made significant contributions to research involving minimally invasive surgery and percutaneous heart valve therapy. He has performed over 7,000 cardiac surgeries, including 3,000 heart valve procedures.
Researchers developed a methodology for describing dynamic sugar chain behaviors at atomic resolution, enabling the characterization of minor but biologically relevant conformational species. This breakthrough opens doors to observing flexible biomolecules as potential drug targets.
A new electroencephalography (EEG) tool has been developed to detect refractory idiopathic epilepsy in children, a condition that cannot be managed by antiepileptic drugs. The tool uses EEG classification analysis and identifies significant EEG features that distinguish refractory epilepsy from well-controlled forms.
Researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center developed a new method to coat blood vessels in lab-grown kidneys, allowing them to remain open for four hours. The breakthrough could potentially be applied to other complex organs, such as the liver and pancreas.
A new study by University of Vermont scientists predicts increased precipitation and temperature in the Lake Champlain region, leading to more extreme weather events and potential flooding. The forecast suggests a rise in average temperatures by mid-century, with some ski resorts experiencing a 50% decline in annual snowfall.
Tropical Storm Kalmaegi intensified as NASA's Aqua satellite captured its visible image approaching the Philippines. The storm is expected to strengthen over the next couple of days and potentially become a typhoon by September 13.
The proposed platform would leverage the cloud to expand individual device capabilities, supporting applications like healthcare, safety, and social interaction. The technology could also enable real-time searches of cell phone photos taken by people in the area to locate lost children.
The TRMM satellite detected powerful thunderstorms near Odile's center, dropping rain at a rate of over 196 mm/h. The combined data from TRMM and Aqua satellites showed the coldest cloud tops in storms circling Odile's center, with temperatures as low as -63F/-53C.
A large-scale study found that more than 70% of individuals with multiple sclerosis screened positive for one or more sleep disorders, highlighting the importance of diagnosing and managing these conditions. The study's findings suggest that sleep problems may be a hidden epidemic in the MS population, separate from MS fatigue.
The Selway complex of fires has grown to 1,659 fires, mostly contained. The Johnson Bar fire, sparked by a lightning strike, has affected 8,867 acres and is currently 55% contained. Warmer weather may increase fire activity.
A group of researchers recommend applying evolutionary biology to combat modern threats, proposing gene therapies, drought-resistant crop varieties, and conservation strategies to protect land with high genetic diversity. This approach can help develop more robust solutions to societal problems and promote sustainable development.
The current Ebola outbreak in West Africa requires a rapid global response to contain the virus, which has already killed nearly 2000 people and may infect up to 20,000. Experts warn that fear, mistrust, and lack of resources are exacerbating the situation.
The project aims to digitize images and data on aquatic and wetland plants, mollusks, and fish from the Great Lakes basin, targeting 2,550 species. The goal is to document species invasions and eventually prevent them.
Rates of high-dose opioid dispensing increased across provinces, with Ontario having the highest rates and Quebec the lowest. Provincial differences may be attributed to varying coverage, training, and marketing strategies.
The article proposes a connection between SLq(2) and the standard model, where preons are creation operators for fundamental particles. This extension describes a finer level of structure than the standard model, with open problems including gravitational binding and renormalization.
The NIH has awarded over $64 million to six institutions to create a database of human cellular responses, known as the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures (LINCS). This will improve scientists' understanding of cell pathways and aid in the development of new therapies for many diseases.
Researchers found that removing only the rib cartilage, but leaving its surrounding perichondrium intact, allowed for rapid repair within one to two months. This discovery suggests the presence of progenitor or stem cells in the perichondrium, which could lead to new regenerative therapies.
A team from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that some behavioral defects in NF1 fish are not related to abnormal Ras, but can be corrected by drugs targeting another signaling pathway controlled by cAMP. Learning and memory defects can be treated with drugs modulating the Ras pathway.
Researchers at the University of Vienna successfully manipulated individual silicon atoms in graphene, revealing a previously unknown phenomenon where the silicon-carbon bond is inverted. This discovery opens promising possibilities for atomic-scale engineering and could lead to the creation of unique quantum structures.
Researchers found that endothelial cells in eyes with glaucoma are stiffer than healthy cells, leading to increased flow resistance and elevated pressure. This mechanical dysfunction may lead to a cure for the debilitating disease.
The Suomi NPP satellite captured high-resolution infrared images of Tropical Storm Edouard, revealing very high thunderstorms and cold cloud top temperatures. The storm is moving west-northwest at 16 mph, with forecasters predicting it may become a hurricane by September 15.
Researchers have discovered a new family of hexagonal rare earth ferrites that exhibit ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism simultaneously. This phenomenon enables the magnetoelectric memory effect, which could significantly improve energy efficiency in information storage and processing.
A comprehensive study led by Mayo Clinic in 12 countries validates the accuracy of RNA genomic sequencing techniques and laboratories. The research establishes best practices for laboratories to ensure reproducible results, enabling clinicians to make informed decisions based on genomic data.
Scientists investigated how piglet immune systems respond to Cystoisospora suis, finding gamma delta T cells and cytotoxic T-cells play key roles. The study also revealed the importance of maternal antibodies in preventing disease severity.
Tropical Depression 16E is forecasted to dissipate and be absorbed by Tropical Storm Odile due to unfavorable influence of the larger storm. The depression is currently drifting northwest at 2 mph and will eventually turn east-southeast as it gets caught up in Odile's circulation.
A meta-analysis of 58 studies found that adolescents' perceptions of peers' sexual activity, approval, and pressure are associated with their own sexual behavior. The study suggests that role modeling by peers is the most influential factor, while peer pressure has a smaller effect.
Researchers discovered that GILZ protein can reduce bone loss and inflammation associated with arthritis, potentially replacing synthetic glucocorticoids as a treatment option. The study used mice bred with overexpressed tumor necrosis factor alpha and GILZ to demonstrate the protein's protective effects.
Researchers propose pilot-wave theory as an alternative to Copenhagen interpretation, inspired by a macroscopic fluidic system exhibiting quantum-like statistics. The system's chaotic dynamics lead to unpredictable particle behavior, challenging traditional notions of reality.
Researchers propose that internal physical stresses generated during growth limit lateral size, but a specific phyllotactic pattern may control growth. A study suggests the distribution of grain boundaries in this pattern might be determinant for controlling lateral growth.
North Carolina State University researchers have identified candidate genes controlling the hypersensitive defense response in corn, a rapid localized cell death that limits pathogen spread. The findings could help build better defense responses in corn and other plants.
Researchers identify five key themes for scientific advancement in humanitarian response, including better use of non-humanitarian data, robust methodologies, and local participation. The evidence base for many current practices remains weak due to lack of data and inadequate information sharing.
Researchers discovered that the bluetongue virus overwinters in female midges infected during previous season, allowing it to survive colder temperatures. The findings have significant implications for predicting and controlling the disease's spread.
Researchers developed an optical method called iSCAT to detect individual proteins, such as those in cancers, using scattered light shadows. The method promises more sensitive diagnoses and sheds light on fundamental biochemical processes.
UMass Amherst doctoral student Khaja Muneeruddin has received the 2014-15 Global Fellowship Award for developing new analytical methods to characterize complex pharmaceuticals. The award aims to advance research in quality standards and support his work on creating novel assays for drug manufacturers.
Researchers at Michigan State University have enhanced microbes to clean up nuclear waste by strengthening their pili nanowires. The improved microbes form a biofilm with increased armor, allowing them to neutralize more uranium and survive in higher concentrations.
The Mayo Clinic has developed a scoring system to identify patients who can safely bypass the intensive care unit (ICU) after liver transplantation. The study found that 54.3% of patients can be fast-tracked, with better survival rates compared to those sent to the ICU.
A team of researchers challenged traditional views on how birds ended up in the Neotropics, proposing speciation driven by bird movements across physical barriers. The CCNY analysis suggests that geological changes may not have been the primary driver of biodiversity.
Researchers found that a muscle, called axochord, runs along the midline of marine worm Platynereis, similar to where the notochord would be in chordates. This discovery suggests that the notochord may have evolved from a muscle-based structure in an ancient ancestor.
Researchers found that plasmacytoid dendritic cells trigger early psoriasis, while Langerhans cells help regulate the immune response. Modulating dendritic cell composition may lead to new psoriasis treatments.
Two massive buoys equipped with meteorological and oceanographic equipment will be deployed off the US coastline to evaluate the power-producing potential of offshore winds. The buoys will provide accurate wind speed and direction data, enabling better understanding of air-sea interactions and turbine performance.
A new Rutgers study finds that a happy wife is crucial for a happy marriage, with wives' contentment positively affecting their husbands' lives. The research analyzed data from 394 couples and found that both spouses' marital quality influenced each other's life satisfaction.
Research finds that metastatic melanoma cells and embryonic stem cells use distinct Type I serine/threonine kinase(s) for Nodal signal transduction, providing new therapeutic targets. The study's findings support a combinatorial approach to targeting Nodal subpopulations within tumors.
The researchers created a new standard for large-scale DNA origami structures, enabling applications in biomedical research and nanoelectronics. The breakthrough involved developing a custom scaffold strand and cost-effective method for synthesizing staple strands.
A study finds that older adults, women, and less educated individuals have more concerns about kidney transplantation. These concerns can lead to lower chances of getting listed for a transplant. The study aims to address these barriers to improve access to transplantation.
A new protocol converts stem cells into reliable, insulin-producing cells in about six weeks, a significant improvement over previous methods. The breakthrough could lead to an unlimited supply of insulin-producing cells to treat patients with Type 1 diabetes.
Researchers at MIT and Manchester University have created a new material that allows electrons to move at controllable angles, resulting in more efficient computing. This breakthrough enables the development of transistors with lower energy consumption.