A study found that recruiting minorities and poor people to participate in genetic research is challenging, even with the internet. Despite high rates of online access, groups with lower education levels, income, or African-American status had lower engagement rates.
Researchers studied the Carmel Formation's ability to store carbon dioxide, finding it provides a barrier-forming zone that traps CO2. The team used computer modeling and drilling to determine the formation's effectiveness in long-term storage.
A study at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center reveals protein ZMYND8's ability to block metastasis-linked gene expression in prostate cancer. ZMYND8 cooperates with histone mark eraser JARID1D to suppress metastasis-linked genes.
A study from Michigan Medicine found that women who engaged on social media after a breast cancer diagnosis expressed more deliberation about their treatment decision and more satisfaction with the path they chose. However, the researchers also identified significant barriers to social media use among certain groups of patients.
A new light-based communication tool can carry data in a swift, circular motion, potentially solving an approaching data bottleneck. The optics advancement could become a central component of next generation computers designed to handle society's growing demand for information sharing.
Scientists found that butterflies have an innate preference for specific leaf shapes and can learn to overcome this preference through experience. This learning ability promotes the evolution of plant biodiversity by favoring rare leaf shapes.
Researchers have identified two proteins that safeguard skin stem cells, which are essential for skin renewal and regeneration. The study reveals that without these proteins, skin stem cells collapse and disappear from the tissue.
Researchers have identified a new genetic syndrome tied to defects in protein transport, causing craniofacial abnormalities and developmental delays. The study found that mutations in the ARCN1 gene disrupt normal protein trafficking, leading to intellectual disability and bone development issues.
A new gene therapy approach successfully delivered a therapeutic gene to the brains of treated mice, restored enzyme function, and extended survival. The treatment holds promise for developing similar therapies for humans and targeting additional brain disorders.
The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics has released an updated position statement on noninvasive prenatal screening for detection of fetal aneuploidy. The guidelines provide recommendations for obstetric care providers and patients regarding the use of noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) in prenatal practice.
Scientists have created gels that can instruct stem cells to differentiate into specific types, such as bone and cartilage. By monitoring stem cell behavior on these gels, researchers identified key metabolites that guide the differentiation process.
Researchers at Osaka University identified a new drug target by inhibiting the SPP enzyme, reducing HCV particle production and improving pathological liver conditions. The discovery also revealed a protein quality control mechanism that could be useful for treating other diseases.
Researchers found that people make judgments of trustworthiness based solely on facial features, not expressions. Certain features like higher eyebrows and rounder faces are perceived as trustworthy, while others like downturned eyebrows can be seen as untrustworthy.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new method to transform individual selfies by adjusting angles and distances, creating more realistic images. The tool can also be used to generate 3-D head shots and potentially even create 'live' photos that seem to move.
A study analyzing in-game content from 1983 to 2014 reveals a decline in the sexualization of female primary characters, contrary to industry expectations. The researchers attribute this shift to increased criticism and growing interest among women in gaming.
A new study published in Scientific Reports suggests that orangutans have the potential capacity to control their voices, which could have led to the evolution of human speech. The research found that an adolescent orangutan named Rocky was able to copy the pitch and tone of sounds made by researchers, mimicking vowel-like calls.
Changes to HER2 testing guidelines have led to a doubling of HER2-positive breast cancers in women, resulting in additional testing and more women being labeled as HER2-positive. However, the effectiveness of targeted therapies like Herceptin is still uncertain, highlighting the need for accurate determination of HER2 status.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center found that resveratrol reduces neuronal inflammation and slows cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients. The study shows that resveratrol activates proteins to decrease matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels, maintaining the blood-brain barrier.
Researchers aim to create a sensor that can coat medical implants and use X-ray beams to detect localized bacterial infections. The goal is to cure these infections early, reducing costly and tedious surgical procedures.
A new study from Saint Louis University finds that higher carb intake is associated with lower adropin levels, while higher fat intake may be linked to higher adropin. People with low adropin have higher fat content in the blood and are at a higher risk of heart disease.
University of Groningen scientists discovered that removing air from perovskite crystals can deactivate 'traps' that reduce solar cell efficiency, allowing for more efficient solar cells. Researchers also found that oxygen and water vapor can be used to create new gas sensors for detecting seal breaks in food packaging.
A study on sole-source LEDs found that increasing light intensity and quality negatively impacts nutrient content in Brassica microgreens. Growers can use the data to select beneficial lighting practices.
The American Academy of Neurology recommends that individuals with a patent foramen ovale (PFO) who have had a stroke do not need routine catheter-based closure, due to limited evidence supporting its effectiveness. Instead, antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin are recommended to prevent blood clots.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new space boot with built-in sensors and haptic motors that can guide the wearer around or over obstacles. The boot uses vibrations to provide navigation cues, which could be beneficial for both astronauts in space and visually impaired individuals on Earth.
Researchers have developed a gene delivery system that can be applied as an eye drop, rapidly moving from the surface to the retina and remaining for over eight hours. This method shows promise for treating several eye diseases, including diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration.
A retrospective clinical study found that patients with melanoma who received both ipilimumab and local peripheral treatments had significantly prolonged overall survival compared to those who received only ipilimumab. The median overall survival for these patients was 93 weeks, compared to 42 weeks for those receiving only ipilimumab.
HIV-infected mothers' breast milk alters oligosaccharide composition, leading to less diverse and immature gut microbiomes in their uninfected infants. This study suggests preventing microbiome disruptions may improve HIV-exposed babies' health.
A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found a positive association between tree nut intake and lower levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Higher nut consumption was associated with reduced C-reactive protein and Interleukin 6, which increase during inflammation.
The Penumbra 3D Trial demonstrated non-inferiority in safety and efficacy of a next-generation stent retriever when used with aspiration devices compared to solo aspiration use. Revascularization rates were comparable between the two groups, suggesting frontline effectiveness of the combined therapy.
A new study has discovered a diverse range of plant enzymes, including Rubisco, that have superior characteristics for improving crop photosynthetic efficiency. The research found that some plant species produce more effective Rubiscos than major crops like wheat and soybean, which could help address global food security.
A study found that maternal HIV infection influences the microbiome of uninfected infants, leading to a relatively immature and dysbiotic microbiome. This disruption can compromise the infant's immune system development. Researchers propose providing beneficial bacterial and prebiotics to improve long-term outcomes.
A new study found that women who start menstruation at a younger age have a higher risk of certain health issues, including coronary heart disease. In contrast, those who experience menopause later in life are more likely to be in excellent health overall and live longer.
Researchers develop new method to protect Earth from asteroids using nuclear explosions. The technique simulates an asteroid's destructive power, fragmenting it into safe pieces before they reach the planet. This approach is considered a safer and more effective alternative to previous methods.
Scientists discover why fast-growing cyanobacteria thrives under intense light by expanding cellular machinery to build proteins. The organism can triple in size in less than 2 hours, producing more fuel and chemicals compared to slower-growing species.
Researchers have developed a magneto-optic Q-switched laser using a 190-micron-thick magnetic garnet film with labyrinth-shaped magnetic domains. The device achieved optical output with a pulse width of tens of nanoseconds, increasing pulse power by 1,000 times.
Researchers used oceanographic data to calculate the movement of MH370 debris, finding that the most probable locations for additional washed-up debris are Tanzania and Mozambique. The main wreckage is likely to be in a wide search area between 28°S and 35°S.
A study published in Menopause found that women who began menopause before age 46 or after 55 were at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The study also revealed that the length of a woman's lifetime reproductive cycle was associated with an increased risk of diabetes.
A study published in PLOS ONE reveals that the Southern tidewater goby, found only in three small lagoons in San Diego County, is a critically endangered new species. The goby has distinct morphological differences from its northern population, including fewer pectoral fin rays and more neuromasts.
A University of Sydney study found that infants with moderately high thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations have a higher risk of poor educational and development outcomes. Infants with TSH levels below the screening cut-off but in the top quartile have an increased likelihood of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes at school age.
A new study of over 1 million people found that doing at least one hour of physical activity per day can eliminate the increased risk of death associated with sitting for 8 hours a day. The study also highlights the significant economic burden of physical inactivity, with estimated costs of over $67 billion annually.
Astronomers have discovered a unique white dwarf binary system, AR Scorpii, exhibiting powerful radio pulses that are unlike anything seen before from a white dwarf. The system's rapidly spinning white dwarf accelerates electrons, releasing radiation in a lighthouse-like beam that affects its cool red dwarf companion.
A new ant species reminiscent of 'Game of Thrones' dragons has been identified in the tropical rainforests of Papua New Guinea. The researchers used X-Ray microtomography to create virtual specimens, enabling them to analyze and share findings with scientists worldwide.
Researchers from Boston University found that Jupiter's Great Red Spot is responsible for heating the planet's upper atmosphere to unusually high temperatures. The team used infrared observations to map temperature anomalies across the planet, revealing that the Great Red Spot's heat distribution matches the observed values.
Researchers have found a new, sustainable catalyst for hydrogen production in the form of pentlandite, a mineral composed of iron, nickel, and sulfur. The study shows that artificial pentlandite produces hydrogen more efficiently than naturally occurring variants, with stable performance and a high active surface area.
Researchers found that excluding high-risk patients from public reporting increased willingness among doctors to perform high-risk procedures, resulting in improved mortality rates. The study suggests that reforms to public reporting policies can mitigate undesired effects and improve patient health.
A large-scale study found that individuals with lower vitamin D levels were twice as likely to exhibit significant cognitive decline over time. Vitamin D is also associated with a reduced risk of neuron damage and loss, suggesting its potential role in preventing cognitive decline.
New research highlights how police line-ups can lead to wrongful identifications if distinguishing features are not properly disguised. A study by the University of Warwick found that fair line-ups, which hide or manipulate distinctive marks, outperform unfair ones in distinguishing between innocent and guilty suspects.
Researchers found that eastern and red wolves are not evolutionarily distinct species but a hybrid of gray wolf and coyote ancestry. The study concludes that the ESA should protect hybrid species due to common interbreeding in the wild, which may not be harmful.
A review article aims to broaden radiologists' understanding of imaging-evident toxicity in the era of precision oncology. Toxicity can amplify with drug combinations, but acceptable levels may serve as a biomarker of treatment response. Radiologists must grasp the nuances of toxicity to contribute to optimized cancer care.
A study published in The Lancet found that 60-75 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity per day can counteract the health risks associated with prolonged sitting. This translates to an hour or more of physical activity, which can be achieved through simple daily habits such as taking a walk at lunchtime or going for a run.
Researchers developed an affordable open-source data logger to collect high-frequency stream data, capturing trends in water volume and behavior. The logger enables communities to build resilience to water resource stress, a crucial step in addressing the impact of global climate change.
Genomic research by UCLA scientists finds that the gray wolf is not a separate species from coyote but rather a hybrid of the two. The study suggests that the gray wolf should retain its endangered species status due to incorrect justification for removal.
Researchers found that teenagers and young adults who expected to get married within five years committed fewer delinquent acts in the next year. The study suggests that the expectation of marriage may change behavior, as people may feel pressure to act more like an adult to gain social acceptance.
Scientists have developed a new approach to capture carbon dioxide from flue gases using waste marble powder, outperforming current commercial calcium-carbonate sorbents. The powder showed high carbonation conversion rates and maintained its reactivity over multiple cycles.
The study found moderate inter-rater reliability between therapists in determining muscle fatigue through observation of changes in movement patterns. This approach may provide clinicians with a tool to address the challenge of therapeutic exercise dosing in rehabilitation settings.
A new street drug combining fentanyl and U-47700 is being marketed as 'Norco' in Central California, posing a significant threat to users. The synthetic opioid's toxicity led to an unexpected cluster of fatal deaths in the area.
Diane Wagner's study aims to strengthen damaged cartilage using photo-initiated crosslinking, targeting only injured areas without affecting healthy tissue. The goal is a new, non-invasive treatment for post-traumatic osteoarthritis, which affects over 5 million people in the US.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has begun a Phase 1 study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of an experimental yellow fever vaccine developed by Bavarian Nordic. The trial will assess whether the investigational vaccine can prevent yellow fever virus infection and induce a strong immune response.
Researchers investigate how NHS England is hindering access to expensive hepatitis C treatments, citing NICE guidelines and company pricing as key factors. The study reveals a system of rationing and delayed treatment, prompting concerns over patient welfare and the role of drug companies' pricing strategies.
The study successfully met primary endpoints, showing non-inferior revascularization rates with the new stent retriever device. Patients achieved similar clinical outcomes without selecting viable brain tissue, supporting the use of aspiration alone or with stent retriever thrombectomy.