Researchers at the Universities of Dundee and Strathclyde have identified a mechanism that allows neurons to protect against spreading brain damage. The discovery, published in Scientific Reports, suggests that stimulating this network activity could limit major brain damage and shorten recovery periods.
The EXCEL trial found that drug-eluting stents are a viable alternative to CABG for patients with LMCAD, with fewer MIs and less bleeding within 30 days. However, more repeat revascularization procedures were required at three years.
An international team of physicists has developed a method using Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) to study particle interactions, potentially revealing new physical phenomena at higher energies than the Large Hadron Collider.
Researchers from NIST and UCLA have successfully created exotic topological insulators with improved stability at room temperature by infusing magnetic materials. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient quantum computers and other electronic devices that harness unique properties of electrons.
Researchers at the University of California, Irvine found that electroacupuncture can lower blood pressure for at least three days by increasing enkephalin gene expression. The therapy may be suitable for treating clinical hypertension with minimal side effects.
Researchers discovered that jumping spiders can detect sounds in the 80-380 Hertz range at distances up to 10 feet, even without ears or ear drums. This ability helps them respond to predators like the Mud Dauber wasp.
A new study published in Preventive Medicine found that people who can delay immediate gratification are less likely to eat at fast food establishments. The research suggests that assessing an individual's ability to wait for a larger sum of money may help prevent unhealthy behaviors and improve healthy food choices.
The Intermountain-Stanford grant program aims to accelerate research and improve patient care through seven seed grants focused on genomics, machine learning, biomarkers, and more. The grants will support innovative projects in research, education, and medical education.
Researchers have developed a new fiber that offers higher tensile stroke and is triggered at temperatures lower than its predecessors, with potential applications in medical devices and self-healing materials. The fiber's unique geometry provides greater flexibility and thermal expansion/contraction properties.
Scientists use fossilized pollen to forecast profound changes in plant abundance and composition globally by the middle of this century. One third of North American plants and more than half of European plants may face increased threat status due to climate change.
Researchers argue that treating gout to avoid symptoms may not effectively address the underlying high uric acid levels causing the condition. They propose a 'treat-to-target' approach to reduce uric acid levels to prevent crystallization and alleviate symptoms.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University used network theory to map the human cortical network, revealing a hierarchical structure with different shells of low and high connectivity. The 'nucleus' shell, comprising 20% of nodes, supports global information integration and is linked to consciousness.
Hospitalizations for prescription opioid poisonings in children and adolescents have increased dramatically over the years, with a significant rise in deaths and intentional overdoses among younger age groups. The study also found that opioid poisonings attributed to heroin and methadone increased substantially in this age group.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School found that 71% of New York State voters supported indicting police officers involved in the 2014 Eric Garner arrest after watching the video. This increase in support was attributed to the physical force used on Garner being a key factor in respondents' opinions.
Researchers developed a resource of over 5 million microsatellites for use in various plant species, making genetic research cheaper and easier. The study also provides guidelines for researchers using microsatellites.
Researchers found that Zika virus infection can severely damage the testes of male mice, causing shrinkage and reduced sperm count. The study suggests that this may have important implications for human males infected with the virus, highlighting the need for further research on reproductive health.
Researchers at Cornell University have confirmed a genetic link between mitochondrial DNA and autism spectrum disorder in children. The study found that autistic children had more than twice as many harmful mtDNA mutations compared to their non-autistic siblings. This finding may lead to better diagnosis and treatment of children with ...
The American College of Physicians recommends using corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or colchicine to treat patients with acute gout. The guideline also emphasizes the importance of diagnosing gout accurately to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. Additionally, researchers found that industry-...
A new microfluidic method enables the encapsulation of individual cells within microgel capsules, reducing the size and increasing the specificity of control. This breakthrough has the potential to boost efficacy of cell-based therapies and tissue engineering by allowing for more precise targeting and survival of encapsulated cells.
Sushil Kumar aims to create terahertz semiconductor lasers with precise emission frequency, improving power output and beam quality. His goal is to enable various applications including chemical sensing, disease diagnosis and remote-sensing in astronomy.
A new model of brain dynamics, extending balanced network theory, provides deep predictions linking brain circuits to activity. The model accurately explains experimental findings on neuronal variability in living animals, enabling potential discovery of neural signatures associated with learning or disease.
A team of researchers discovered that a specific mutation in the telomere protein TPP1 causes an incurable premature aging disease called dyskeratosis congenita. The mutation compromises telomerase function, leading to stem cell division slowdowns and tissue breakdown. This breakthrough provides a potential drug target for the disease.
A new method for measuring microwave signals was developed by researchers at Aalto University, achieving the most accurate measurement with nanodrums so far. This technology enables efficient transformation of quantum information between different frequencies, potentially enabling data encryption based on quantum mechanics.
A recent study found that children of parents with serious mental illness are more likely to live with a single mother or away from both parents, and experience higher rates of family dissolution. Schizophrenia had the most significant impact on family living arrangements.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation honored nine scientists with its 2016 Outstanding Achievement Prizes for their work in schizophrenia, mood disorders, child and adolescent psychiatry, and cognitive neuroscience. The award recognizes groundbreaking research that aims to improve the lives of people with mental illness.
Researchers found that adrenergic nerves control the daily cycle of immune cell trafficking, with T and B cells accumulating in lymph nodes during the day. This circadian pattern regulates the immune response, making mice more susceptible to infection when injected with antigens at night.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that low and very high levels of 'good cholesterol' are associated with an increased risk of dying from heart disease, cancer, and other causes. Raising HDL levels does not appear to reduce a person's risk of heart disease.
A Johns Hopkins study reveals that former trainees from sub-Saharan Africa are leaving a positive mark on the African bioethics landscape, with many becoming instructors, serving on IRBs, or publishing bioethics-related research. The training programs have built sustainable capacity in Africa and fostered lasting networks of profession...
A recent study in mice suggests that protecting axons may prevent the development of neurological problems associated with TBI. The researchers used mice with a genetic mutation that protects axons and found that they did not develop vision or cognitive problems after blast-related TBI.
Researchers found that statistics on endangered species, such as population decline and territory size, can elicit varying levels of fear among the public. Those with rational thinking styles perceived all five criteria as similar in terms of risk, while those with low rationality scores viewed differences between them.
Researchers at Georgia State University discovered serotonin and arginine-vasopressin act in opposite ways to influence aggression and dominance in males and females. The findings may lead to more effective gender-specific treatment strategies for stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders.
Researchers identified HMGB2 as a critical regulator of cytokine and chemokine expression during senescence, which may have detrimental effects on tumor growth. Silencing HMGB2 suppresses the expression of pro-tumorigenic factors, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies to mitigate negative side effects of senescence.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research used precise genetic tools to track neurophysiological deficits resulting from Rett Syndrome. They found that recombinant human Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 (rhIGF1) and bumetanide can reverse such deficits in a cell-type specific manner.
Researchers found that geotagged social media photos on Instagram, Flickr, and Panoramio provide valuable data for predictive models to guide land use decisions worldwide. The study shows that landscapes with mountainous areas, rivers, lakes, and population centers are most valued by society.
The Nordic-Baltic-British Left Main Revascularization Study (NOBLE) found that CABG reduced the five-year risk of MACCE compared to PCI for LMCA disease. The study demonstrated superiority of CABG over PCI in reducing non-procedural myocardial infarction and stroke.
A recent CU Boulder study has shown that mitochondrial division is a complex process involving at least three constriction steps and two proteins, Drp1 and Dyn2. The discovery changes the understanding of mitochondrial function and its role in cellular processes such as energy generation and longevity.
A new study suggests that Zika infection can cause testicular damage, leading to reduced fertility and low testosterone levels in male mice. The virus targets Sertoli cells, which are essential for maintaining the barrier between the bloodstream and the testes.
A Cardiff University study found that bedtime screen use increases poor sleep duration by over double, impacting quality as well. Sleep disturbance in childhood is linked to various health issues, including obesity, mental health concerns, and stunted growth.
Researchers have identified 12 specific DNA areas that influence the age at first birth and total number of children. The study, led by the University of Oxford, analyzed data from over 238,000 men and women to discover genetic variants linked to reproductive behavior.
A study by researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine found that progressively shortening telomeres in heart muscle cells triggered a DNA damage response compromising mitochondrial function. This led to cardiomyopathy and death in mice with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, suggesting new therapeutic targets.
Scientists use satellites to monitor seasonal changes in evergreen trees, providing a new tool to track the impact of climate change on northern forests. The research reveals subtle colour shifts that indicate changes in photosynthetic activity, which could accelerate or slow down global warming.
The American College of Physicians recommends using corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or colchicine to treat patients with acute gout. The guideline also advises against long-term uric acid-lowering therapy in most patients after a first gout attack.
Researchers at RIT are developing new, ultrathin, transparent glass membranes for in vitro tissue models and barrier cell studies. These membranes will enable easier physical and biochemical communication between cells, advancing tissue engineering and drug discovery.
Two studies published in American Heart Association journals found that regular leisure and commuter biking reduces heart attack risk by 11-18% over 20 years. Habitual biking as little as half an hour per week provides some protection against coronary artery disease.
Researchers developed a new molecular tag to visualize two signaling proteins' activity in a single dendritic spine in real time. The technique, combining FRET and FLIM, allows for high spatial and temporal accuracy, enabling scientists to study biochemical dynamics of proteins with increased efficiency.
Researchers developed a new, less invasive way to perform TAVR, making it more available to high-risk patients, especially women. The procedure has a high success rate and acceptable bleeding and vascular complications rates.
Researchers found that patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who consumed more fruits and vegetables experienced better function around the time of diagnosis. The study suggests that a diet high in antioxidants and carotenoids may help minimize ALS severity.
UBC researchers created a new classification system to help police solve sex crimes, identifying subtypes of high-risk sexual offenders. The tool can predict characteristics of offenders and behavior before a crime takes place.
A computational model helps biologists predict minimal mutations for efficient reprogramming of signaling proteins, expanding the landscape for two-component systems in bacteria. The model connects interaction specificity and promiscuity, enabling researchers to design novel interactions.
Researchers are enrolling 60 obese children in an eight-week study to examine the impact of vitamin K supplements on their cardiovascular health. The study aims to determine whether vitamin K can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce lipid levels in the blood, potentially reducing the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
A study found that an online neurocognitive learning program reduced cognitive symptoms in cancer patients following chemotherapy. Participants who used the program showed improved cognitive function, reduced anxiety and depression, and better quality of life compared to those receiving standard care.
Researchers found that reminding people of close relationships decreases the need to anthropomorphize objects as a means of feeling socially connected. Attachment anxiety was also linked to this tendency, suggesting it may be a driven process to seek out support.
A study published in Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology found that robotic surgical instruments are difficult to clean completely, with a protein residue remaining despite multiple cleanings. The researchers suggest establishing new standards for cleaning these instruments using repeated measurements of residual protein.
A new theory proposes a single high-energy collision as the origin of the Moon's formation, explaining its unusual composition and orbit. The alternative model suggests that the Moon condensed from the same material as Earth, resulting in their similar chemical makeup.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found that a low-oxygen environment can regenerate heart muscle in mice. This discovery builds on previous research that showed the ability of newborn mammals to regenerate their hearts, and demonstrates the potential for this approach to reverse heart disease.
A Penn-led team has discovered how some intestinal cells can withstand chemotherapy and radiation, providing new insights into the regenerative capacity of these reserve stem cells. The study found that these cells are in a dormant state, protected from damage, but can be activated by RNA-binding proteins to proliferate.
A new IU study reveals attitudes toward bisexual men and women have shifted only slightly from very negative to neutral. Bisexual individuals face disproportionate health disparities compared to gay/lesbian individuals.
Research suggests factors beyond sociality influence brain anatomy in carnivores, contradicting the 'social brain' hypothesis. Female lions have larger frontal cortices due to their social demands, while cheetahs have smaller brains that support their high-speed pursuits.
Researchers found that nicotine activates neutrophils, leading to the release of inflammatory molecules and increased inflammation throughout the body. This discovery has implications for tobacco-related diseases and may suggest alternative forms of nicotine inhalation have detrimental effects.
Researchers are developing a system using phase-contrast imaging and mathematical analysis to identify the best-fitting sperm, leading to improved fertility treatment decisions. This new approach aims to reduce distress and expense associated with infertility treatments like IVF.