Researchers found that moderate and vigorous exercise reduce intrahepatic triglyceride content, a key indicator of NAFLD, with no significant difference between the two. Exercise also leads to significant weight loss and reduced body fat mass in patients with obesity.
Public health experts argue that NHS England should fund PrEP to prevent HIV transmission, comparable to vaccination services. Delays may result in avoidable mortality and increased NHS costs.
The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) has recognized outstanding research initiatives and projects through its annual awards. This year's award recipients include researchers who have made significant contributions to the field of orthopaedic sports medicine, such as Alan Zhang for his research on quantitative ma...
Researchers identified genetic mutations in immune system genes that may lead to synchronous colorectal cancer, a rare type of bowel tumor. The study found that these patients have inherited damaging mutations that can cause an inflammatory environment in the gut, increasing the frequency of independent cancer-initiating events.
Researchers developed a fluorescent protein method to accurately detect unconjugated bilirubin in newborns, minimizing blood sample interference. The UnaG method offers a highly sensitive and accurate detection method for preterm infants, potentially reducing neurological handicaps.
A strong majority of Ontarians support government-controlled options for producing and selling cannabis, with nearly two-thirds backing sales in government-regulated outlets. The survey also found growing support for liberalizing recreational cannabis use, with over half supporting legalization.
Research from the University of East Anglia found that people switching to pill organizers are more likely to become unwell than those not using them. Patients should consult their GP or pharmacist before making the switch.
Researchers created a mathematical equation for an ideal dynamic climbing rope that would slow falling climbers like brakes on cars. The study suggests using shape memory materials, which can be deformed and return to their original shape, to achieve this effect.
Typhoon Nepartak strengthened rapidly after forming on July 3, becoming a major hurricane/typhoon with maximum sustained winds near 120 knots. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center attributed its intensification to favorable conditions, including warm water and low wind shear.
A Clemson University psychology professor found that incorporating light physical activity into work or study improves mood, motivation, and morale, while maintaining cognitive performance. The study suggests that sedentary work may not be harmful in the short term, but long-term effects could lead to chronic disease and physical frailty.
A recent study reveals that bacteriophage PAK_P3 degrades bacterial RNAs and scavenges pyrimidine nucleotides to replicate. This finding highlights the prominent role of RNA metabolism in phage infection, offering a new understanding of phage therapy's potential.
Researchers at Brigham Young University studied the Emerald Ash Borer's eye structure to understand its color vision. They found that the beetle uses modified UV and green opsin genes to see in a way that other organisms cannot, allowing it to find mates and trees.
Researchers used game theory to analyze the interaction between rhino poachers and gamekeepers. They found that anti-poaching measures should focus on changing the game rather than tilting it in favor of the gamekeeper.
Research from McMaster University found that children who watched unhealthy food and beverage ads consumed significantly more calories than those who did not watch ads. The study suggests that targeted advertising of unhealthy foods can have a lasting impact on children's dietary preferences.
A recent study cataloged 18 independent evolutions of venom in freshwater and saltwater fishes, highlighting opportunities for therapeutic applications. The research also found that venom is predominantly used for defense rather than offense, with some species using it to debilitate prey.
Researchers created a low-cost, portable genetic test for the Zika virus that can detect genetic material and requires no electricity or technical expertise. The test takes about 40 minutes to run and has shown sensitivity equivalent to RT-PCR tests.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have developed a new method to predict material stability in semiconductors, crucial for creating efficient solar fuel generators. By analyzing bismuth vanadate, they found complex chemical instabilities that must be addressed to achieve stable performance.
Researchers from Umeå University suggest implementing an EU-owned flight ticket tax as a sustainable alternative to funding the EU budget. The proposed carbon-based tax could reduce emissions and boost economic growth by redistributing revenue to reduce harmful taxes on labor.
The US Veterans Health Administration is implementing various changes to improve LGBT care, including the addition of a self-identified gender identity field to all veteran record systems. These actions aim to provide patient-centered care for sexual and gender minority veterans.
Researchers found that using cartoon characters to promote vegetables in school lunchrooms can increase veggie selection by up to 35% among elementary school students. The Super Sprowtz team, including Miki Mushroom and friends, was effective in encouraging kids to choose healthier options.
Researchers have uncovered a well-preserved fossil of a previously unknown bird species, Calciavis grandei, dating back to the Eocene epoch. The discovery sheds light on the evolutionary history of large flightless birds and provides new anatomical data for resolving contentious debates among paleontologists.
Researchers used multiplexed shotgun genotyping to uncover species relationships within the North American genus Penstemon. The study confirms ancestral hymenoptera pollination and independent transitions to hummingbird pollination, revealing floral diversity and adaptations.
A new study published in Fire Ecology chronicles the history of forest fires in Oklahoma and Tennessee to determine their importance in maintaining forest health. Researchers found that forest fires are vital for maintaining healthy ecosystems, with some areas experiencing higher fire frequency than others.
A new study published in Pediatrics found that using colorful banners and nutrition education videos can increase the number of children taking vegetables in school cafeterias. Researchers observed a 239% increase in vegetable selection when both banners and videos were used, compared to a 90% increase when only banners were used.
A new study reveals that Argentine tango practice can significantly improve balance and reduce falls risk among cancer patients experiencing peripheral neuropathy. The dance intervention course reduced standing postural sway by 56% in just five weeks, providing a promising balance intervention for cancer survivors.
Researchers studying infant locomotion have discovered common neural primitives used by humans and animals to walk. These findings could lead to new rehabilitation methods for patients with spinal cord injuries and cerebral palsy.
Researchers discovered a non-cancerous facial tumor in the fossilized jaw of Telmatosaurus transsylvanicus, a primitive duck-billed dinosaur, providing evidence that dinosaurs were prone to tumors. The discovery sheds new light on ancient diseases and tumours in extinct species.
Research reveals that a fly species uses cicada sounds to locate hosts, attracting both females and males for potential mating. The study found that hearing may have originated as a means of finding a host but has become useful in another way.
Droplets on a surface can catapult away contaminants without superhydrophobic coatings, inspired by pogo jumping. Researchers at Duke University and the University of British Columbia investigate this mechanism to develop more durable self-cleaning systems.
A large-scale study of 246,557 patients found no significant association between gadolinium exposure and parkinsonism, a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. Researchers observed a similar incidence of incident parkinsonism among those exposed to gadolinium-enhanced MRIs as those who received non-gadolinium-enhanced MRIs.
A study by Dr. Francois-Xavier Ricaut reveals Malagasy genetic diversity is primarily African and Asian, with Austronesian migration dating back around 1,000 years. The Banjar population from Southeast Borneo is thought to be the key driver of this migration.
Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology have developed a new computer analysis method to detect early stages of esophageal cancer in people with Barrett's esophagus, which can be as accurate as top specialists. The method aims to improve the detection and treatment of esophageal cancer, reducing the need for invasive surgery.
A study found that palliative care-led informational and emotional support meetings did not reduce anxiety or depression symptoms among family members of patients with chronic critical illness. However, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms were higher in the intervention group compared to the control group.
A comprehensive study finds that physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia are relatively rare practices worldwide, with a majority of cases involving patients with cancer. Support for these practices remains stable in the US but continues to increase in Western Europe, often linked to religious views.
The study identified two groups of drought-resistant bean lines: 'water savers' and 'water spenders'. The former are suitable for semi-arid regions with limited moisture, while the latter have deep roots to maximize water extraction. These findings contribute to improving bean productivity in areas affected by drought.
Researchers have found increased expression of galectin-3 protein in pulmonary hypertension, which causes unhealthy remodeling and constriction of lung blood vessels. They also discovered that a drug already tested for liver fibrosis can block or reverse early disease progression, offering new hope for treatment.
A new study found that deutetrabenazine significantly improved chorea control in adults with Huntington disease. The treatment also showed improvements in impression of change and physical functioning, but not on balance tests.
Researchers developed a method to study cellular response by capturing individual cells in microscopic gel beads, allowing for manipulation of the external environment and observation of regenerative ability. This tool promises to shed light on single cell biomechanics and unravel the nuances of micromechanics within plant cells.
The PREVAIL IV trial is a six-month study enrolling 60-120 EVD survivors with evidence of Ebola virus RNA in their semen. Participants will receive either investigational drug GS-5734 or a placebo to see if it can eliminate the viral RNA from semen.
Researchers at UC Riverside created a compact, fast voltage-controlled oscillator device using TaS2-BN-Graphene materials. The new technology could become an ultralow power alternative to silicon-based devices in various applications.
Research in mice shows that one type of malaria parasite helps another thrive by exploiting resources, leading to worse health risks. The finding explains why co-infections with two types of malaria parasites often have more severe outcomes than single infections.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania demonstrate a multiscale simulation of lead titanate oxide, providing new understanding of polarizations within these materials. The study shows that domain walls move across ferroelectric materials like wildfire, but can be easily stopped once the electric field is removed.
A Phase 3 clinical trial found deutetrabenazine significantly decreased chorea in HD patients, with improvements also seen in quality of life measures. The drug was well-tolerated and effective in treating chorea associated with Huntington disease.
La Jolla Institute researchers reveal a powerful arm of the immune system that drives maturation of helper T cells. Their study identifies activin A as a key factor, which could lead to more potent vaccines and treatments for autoimmune diseases.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new microscopy technique that enables precise visualization of RNA molecules in intact tissues. By expanding the tissue sample before imaging, they can obtain high-resolution images of RNA distribution using ordinary microscopes. This breakthrough could help scientists study gene expression and disea...
Researchers have discovered a highly selective catalyst that converts carbon dioxide into ethylene, producing more ethylene and fewer unwanted side products. The catalyst, made from plasma-treated copper, offers new possibilities for designing nanoscale catalysts with specific activity and selectivity.
A new approach to embryo assessment uses mitochondrial DNA quantification to identify viable embryos in IVF treatments. Studies have shown that embryos with unusually high levels of mitochondrial DNA rarely implant, supporting the use of this method as a marker of embryo viability.
Evolutionary biologists confirm sympatric speciation in cichlid fish in Apoyo and Xiloá lakes through genetic analysis, ruling out third model. The study used 20,000 characteristics to document parallel evolution of four to five species over 1,000 years.
Researchers have discovered ways to harness the development of stomata in grasses to boost carbon dioxide uptake and water efficiency. By rewiring the systems regulating stomata formation, scientists can improve growth performance in crops like maize, rice, and wheat.
A new study from King's College London examined Freud's theory on Hysteria, a disorder resulting in severe neurological symptoms. The research found that stressors around the time of onset might be relevant for some patients with Conversion Disorder (CD), challenging the sole cause of trauma assumption. However, the study also highligh...
Researchers found that parents' supportive behavior in adolescence predicted lower civic engagement later on, as well as perceived parental support in young adulthood leading to lower volunteering rates. The study suggests that good parenting alone may not be enough to raise good citizens.
Having a first-degree relative hospitalized with confirmed staph infection significantly increases the risk for microbiologically confirmed Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. The risk is higher if the infected patient is a sibling than a parent, according to researchers who analyzed data from Denmark.
Researchers at The Australian National University have improved the performance of tiny lasers by adding impurities, increasing light emission efficiency. The discovery could lead to development of low-cost biomedical sensors, quantum computing, and a faster internet.
Researchers have created a thin polymer layer that oscillates spontaneously in visible light, leading to potential self-cleaning surfaces. The material's unique behavior is attributed to the bending and stretching of light-sensitive molecules under visible light, resulting in vibration and possible applications in various fields.
Researchers have found that a combination of immunotherapy and FAK inhibitors can improve survival times in mice with pancreatic cancer. The study suggests that targeting fibrous tissue in tumors may render them more responsive to immune therapies.
A study from I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed in Italy found that pasta consumption is linked to a reduced likelihood of obesity, rather than an increase in body weight. The research examined over 23,000 participants and found that moderate pasta consumption contributes to a healthy body mass index.
A new study from Imperial College London reveals that patient complaints can have a profound impact on doctors' psychological wellbeing. The research found that many doctors experience feelings of worthlessness, helplessness, and even suicidal thoughts after receiving complaints.
Researchers at Osaka University discovered that a group of T-cells with low FOXP3 expression, known as FOXP3-low T cells, facilitate cancer immunity in colorectal cancers. These findings suggest new potentials for treating CRCs via regulation of intestinal bacteria and defining patient groups. Intestinal bacteria induce inflammation in...
A new study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that HPV vaccination programs can reduce cervical cell anomalies in young women. The study showed that 3-dose HPV vaccination has demonstrated early benefits against high-grade cervical abnormalities, which are more likely to progress to cervical cancer.
Research reveals that cleaner wrasse use 'tactical deception' to lure in clients and cheat them by biting off mucus, a behavior similar to human scams. The study also found that cleaners adjust their cheating behavior based on competition and stress levels.