The California sudden oak death epidemic cannot be stopped, but its impact can be reduced by starting control measures earlier. Mathematical modeling shows that targeting the 'wave-front' of the disease and 'front-loading' the budget are more effective methods of control.
A study by Lund University finds that demographic changes, such as population growth and urbanization, pose a greater threat to natural fires than climate change, increasing the risk of fires in certain regions. The research suggests that areas with no human population are more prone to uncontrolled fires due to lack of urban planning.
A new study by University of Miami researchers found that ocean acidification is dissolving limestone on coral reefs in the upper Florida Keys at an alarming rate. The annual loss of reef poses a significant threat to the ecosystem's health and the estimated $7.6 billion asset value of these reefs.
A study by Sebastian Salas-Vega and Elias Mossialos found a wide variation in the value of cancer drugs across 9 countries, with the US spending more than others but witnessing one of the smallest improvements in cancer-related mortality. The authors calculated a $32.6 billion net positive return from cancer drug care in the US in 2014.
A study published in the American Journal of Cardiology found that nearly half of coronary artery bypass patients are not taking statins and aspirin together, increasing risk of vein graft occlusion. This suggests a lack of coordination between healthcare providers and patients in adhering to long-term prevention measures.
Researchers found swollen posterior cervical or axillary lymph nodes, fatigue, and enlarged spleen to be effective predictors of mono. Persistent symptoms lasting three to four weeks also characterize the illness, according to Dr. Mark Ebell.
A research-based fitness program called Children and Teachers (CATs) on the Move, developed by Betsy Hoza, is having a positive impact on preschoolers. The program uses developmentally appropriate games to promote physical activity and improve executive functioning, motor, and communication skills.
Researchers found that smaller, more interconnected social networks are associated with early signs of cognitive decline. Participants with mild cognitive impairment or dementia had a higher proportion of relatives in their networks and less socialization with friends and neighbors.
Researchers at the University of Toronto will investigate how environmental factors contribute to chronic conditions, with a focus on autoimmune disease, colorectal cancer, and respiratory diseases. The funding will help identify better ways to prevent and treat these diseases affecting millions of Canadians.
Researchers at NC State University developed a system that uses sensors in custom dog harnesses to monitor the dog's posture and body language. The algorithm triggered rewards when the dog exhibited the desired behavior, resulting in a 96% accurate rate.
Researchers found a 72% increase in opioid-related hospitalizations between 2002 and 2012, with serious infections rising 91% and health care costs nearly quadrupling to $15 billion. The study highlights the significant impact of opioid abuse on the US hospital system and health care costs.
An international team of astronomers has discovered three Earth-sized planets orbiting a nearby ultracool dwarf star, TRAPPIST-1. The planets are located within the star's habitable zone and may have conditions suitable for life.
Marina E. Emborg and Eng H. Lo received the 2016 Bernard Sanberg Memorial Award for Brain Repair for their outstanding contributions to neurodegenerative disorders and stroke research. Their work focuses on developing safe neuroprotective strategies using stem cells and advanced imaging techniques.
Dennis Reuter and his team are selected as finalists for the Samuel J. Heyman Service to America Medal for their contributions to the New Horizons mission to Pluto. The LEISA instrument provided groundbreaking data on Pluto's surface composition, expanding scientists' understanding of the outer solar system.
Researchers have created an 'adaptive protein crystal' that exhibits a unique property called 'auxetic', where stretching or compressing the material causes it to thicken or shrink in the opposite direction. This material has potential applications in shock-absorbing materials and body armor.
For the first time, researchers have filmed 'living' nuclear pore complexes in action using an ultra-fast atomic force microscope. The study reveals the dynamic behavior of molecular 'tentacles' inside the pore, which regulate the transport of molecules into and out of the cell nucleus.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that young adults who made small dietary changes and engaged in regular physical activity successfully prevented weight gain. The 'small-change' group lost an average of 1.2 pounds over two to three years, while the 'large-change' group lost nearly 5.2 pounds.
A large study of 2,437 patients with stage II testicular seminoma found that radiation therapy was associated with better outcomes compared to chemotherapy, particularly in stage IIa disease. The study's findings support the recommendation for radiotherapy as the preferred treatment option for early-stage II testicular cancer.
Researchers have found that Hsp90 inhibitors specifically target and inactivate a mechanism used by prostate cancer cells to evade standard treatment. The findings suggest that these drugs could be effective in treating prostate cancers that have become resistant to treatment and started spreading.
Researchers found a small but significant association between high doses of radiotherapy to the heart and increased risk of non-cancer death in early stage NSCLC patients. The study suggests that heart-sparing radiotherapy techniques may be beneficial, but further research is needed.
A study in Mexico reveals that noncommunicable diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension, are a growing threat to maternal survival. The reclassification of 1214 deaths identified 13% more maternal deaths than previously thought, with indirect causes accounting for 12.2 deaths per 100,000 live births.
A mobile phone app providing supportive texts and an online community increased breastfeeding rates among new mothers, with 95% continuing to breastfeed three months postpartum. The app also boosted confidence in breastfeeding issues, leading to higher rates of exclusive breastfeeding.
A new study by UCLA researchers reveals that children in households with less than three months of savings are at a higher risk of obesity and chronic illnesses. Having enough savings to cover basic expenses for three months is crucial in avoiding debt and maintaining good health, according to the study.
A study published in JAMA found that children with mild gastroenteritis and minimal dehydration experienced fewer treatment failures when offered half-strength apple juice followed by their preferred fluid choice compared to those who received electrolyte maintenance solution. The results suggest that diluted apple juice may be an appr...
A recent study has shown that combining radiation therapy with an immune system-strengthening compound can increase the immune response against tumors, even those outside the radiation field. This breakthrough could lead to longer treatment durations and reduced side effects, as well as new curative options for patients.
A new study suggests certain family, social and community assets can boost a child's chances of flourishing in the face of adversity. Researchers found protective factors such as access to medical care, mothers' mental health, fathers' mental health, and community supports like trustworthy adults and good neighborhood amenities.
A study of 732 gay fathers found that they rate their children's self-esteem, peer relationships, and other measures of well-being similarly to parents in the general US population. The findings suggest that children of gay fathers do as well in every way as children whose parents are heterosexual.
A new study suggests that stress and depression play a significant role in whether a woman with human papillomavirus (HPV) can clear her infection or not. Women who reported self-destructive coping strategies and those who were depressed were more likely to develop an active HPV infection.
A study of 1,420 autistic children found that one-third had wandered away within the past 12 months. The researchers identified behavioral traits that increase the likelihood of elopement, highlighting the need for effective strategies to prevent such tragedies.
A recent study found a significant rise in mental health diagnoses among military-connected children, with anxiety and suicidal ideation experiencing the largest increases over the past 15 years. Diagnoses for other disorders also rose, with treatment visits doubling during the same period.
Research suggests that aerial pesticide spraying may increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder and developmental delays among children. Children living in areas where aerial pesticide spraying occurs are approximately 25% more likely to have an autism diagnosis or documented developmental delay.
New research presented at the Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting shows a significant increase in fireworks-related injuries and severity among children under 21. Hospital stays for these burns rose from 29% in 2006 to 50% in 2012, highlighting growing concerns about child safety.
Researchers found a strong correlation between prominent alcohol brands on TV shows and underage youth's drinking behavior. Underage youth who watched more TV shows with prominent brand placements reported higher levels of problematic drinking behavior.
A new study found that one in six infants and toddlers admitted to a Colorado hospital with bronchiolitis tested positive for marijuana exposure. Non-white children were more likely to be exposed than white children, suggesting secondhand marijuana smoke may pose a child health risk as marijuana use becomes more widespread.
A new study shows that teens who experience both face-to-face and cyber-bullying are more than twice as likely to engage in aggressive behaviors. Victims of multiple forms of bullying have over twice the odds of showing hostile behavior, such as verbal hostility, physical fighting, or damaging property.
A new study reveals that nearly three-quarters of teen smokers report being intermittent smokers, with many smoking only a few cigarettes per day. These teens are less likely to identify as smokers and face comparable health risks to heavier tobacco users.
Researchers found that increased asthma-related tweets correlated with higher rates of emergency department visits and hospitalizations. The study used real-time Twitter data to predict asthma emergencies, suggesting a potential tool for early intervention and prevention.
A study found that premature babies fed mostly breast milk had larger brains and more brain tissue than those given little or no breast milk. The researchers used MRI scans to measure brain volume and cortical surface area, and the results showed a significant correlation between breast milk consumption and brain development.
A study found that many products marketed as first finger foods for babies do not meet American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations, posing a risk of choking. The study tested nine products and found only two to meet the criteria, raising concerns about four others.
A new study presented at the Pediatric Academic Societies 2016 Meeting found that teens in Washington State reported no increase in ease of accessing marijuana after its recreational use was legalized for adults. Despite this, adolescents reported increased difficulty in accessing other illicit substances.
A study presented at the Pediatric Academic Societies 2016 Meeting finds that universal screening for autism at 18 and 24 months significantly reduces diagnosis age, affecting all ethnic groups. This shift has critical implications for early intervention and outcomes.
A new study found that nearly all small children riding in taxis lack proper car safety seats, putting them at risk of serious injury or death. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends secure child restraint systems for young children in motor vehicles.
A study presented at the Pediatric Academic Societies 2016 Meeting found that children living with smokers more frequently need medical care. The research analyzed data from the National Survey on Children's Health and showed a significant impact of tobacco smoke exposure on demand for health care services.
A large-scale study found that children who exercised within seven days of a head injury had nearly half the rate of persistent post-concussive symptoms a month later. Researchers suggest this may shift concussion management guidelines towards more active physical rehabilitation recommendations.
New research suggests that more time spent by parents with their newborns during treatment eases withdrawal symptoms and shortens hospital stays. The study found that skin-to-skin contact plays a role in reducing NAS symptoms, supporting the importance of parental engagement in care.
New research by American Academy of Pediatrics finds stronger state policies reduce alcohol-related motor vehicle deaths among teens. States with tougher regulations on drinking and driving have fewer fatalities, particularly when targeting the general population rather than youth specifically.
A new study suggests that breastmilk consumption can promote brain development in premature infants, leading to better developmental outcomes. The research found a positive correlation between the amount of breastmilk consumed and increased brain volume and cortical surface area in preterm babies.
A new study found that households with less than three months of savings have children at higher risk of obesity, chronic illnesses, and worse overall health. Children in families living in asset poverty are more likely to be obese and have a chronic illness.
New research reveals a disproportionate increase in chronic health conditions among US children living in poverty. Children with asthma, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and autism are more likely to have co-existing medical conditions, such as developmental delays or depression.
Researchers found that acidity can reactivate dormant N3A receptors, causing neurons to become more sensitive to glutamate, which can kill them. This finding sheds light on the role of N3A receptors in brain function and may lead to new treatments for strokes, seizures, and schizophrenia.
Researchers found that topoisomerase 1 inhibitors suppress inflammation in mice, potentially treating sepsis and other immune disorders. These drugs have shown promise in rescuing mice from a lethal inflammatory response caused by bacterial infections, suggesting a new approach to controlling acute infections.
The discovery of a young Rapetosaurus dinosaur provides insights into the early lives of sauropod giants. The findings suggest that these animals developed quickly to function on their own, similar to birds and herding mammals.
A new public-private partnership aims to develop better potatoes for tropical and subtropical conditions in South Asia. CIP, HZPC, and SFSA will combine their expertise to breed and select potato varieties suitable for local markets.
A large number of Phase III radiotherapy trials failed to publish their results, exposing patients to unnecessary risks. Researchers found that only 47% of eye cancer trials were published, while 100% of testicular and anal cancer trials went unpublished.
Monash University researchers have discovered a new mechanism that enables plants to regulate their flowering in response to raised temperatures. The finding could lead to the development of technology allowing us to control plant physiological responses and mitigate warming impacts.
Researchers discovered a strong thermal 'lid' trapping moisture and returning it to the surface, where it refreezes. However, this lid is becoming leaky due to global temperature increases, potentially destabilizing the snow surface.
Researchers found that long-term exposure to environmental pollutants, specifically fine particulate matter (PM2.5), was linked to a higher risk of death from multiple types of cancer in an elderly Hong Kong population. The study showed a significant association between PM2.5 and increased mortality from breast, lung, and other cancers.
Researchers create a detailed semantic atlas of the brain's language processing areas, revealing similarities in semantic topography across individuals. The study has potential applications in brain-machine interfaces, decoding difficult-to-speak patients, and translating languages.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have found a way to improve the growth of protein-rich bean crops by using zinc oxide nanoparticles, reducing the need for rock phosphorus fertilizer. The nanoparticles increase nutrient uptake and enzyme activity, leading to a lesser need for external phosphorus application.
Researchers found that raptors' skulls change shape predictably with species size, linking beak and skull shapes. This constraint may limit the evolutionary flexibility of birds of prey.