Researchers have developed a new technology using CRISPR/Cas9 to label and track up to seven different genomic locations in live cells. This allows for real-time study of chromosome dynamics and gene expression, enabling better understanding of biological processes and health outcomes.
A study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that U.S. veterans who experienced military sexual trauma were at a higher risk of postdeployment homelessness. The study analyzed data from over 601,000 veterans and found that those with positive MST screens had significantly higher rates of homelessness compared to those without.
Researchers use CRISPR/Cas9 to analyze genome-wide association study results and pinpoint a genetic mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene that increases risk of sporadic Parkinson's disease. The discovery could lead to better understanding of complex diseases with genetic causes.
Researchers found a significant reduction in bullying behavior among students who completed the online program StandUp, which teaches verbal, physical, sexual, and cyberbullying prevention. The program increased the use of healthy relationship skills and reduced bystander passivity to both emotional and physical bullying.
A new tool, FEAST, calculates economic costs of different methane leak detection technologies and identifies the most cost-effective methods. The study found that selectively targeting super-emitters can help mitigate methane leakage at lower costs, while expensive instruments can be used if leak detection is performed rapidly.
A new study by J. Andrew Gillis at the MBL Whitman Center found striking similarities between the genetic mechanism used to pattern gill arch appendages and human limbs.
Researchers found that marathon runners had higher stiffness indices than sedentary individuals, indicating improved bone quality. The study suggests that endurance running training can modify the mechanical properties of bones, potentially preventing age-related decline in bone mineral density.
A study of 196 wild female baboons found that those with multiple early misfortunes experienced reduced life expectancy and had fewer surviving offspring. The research suggests that social support may play a role in overcoming adversity.
A study found that cities have distinct microbial communities, with offices in the same city showing minimal variation. Human skin was a significant source of microbes in office environments, accounting for 25-30% of the microbiome.
Researchers found that exhaled e-cigarette particles are liquid droplets that evaporate rapidly, unlike smoking conventional cigarettes. The study suggests vaping indoors is unlikely to pose an air quality issue.
A team of chemists has developed a unique combination of PBDB-T and ITIC that converts sunlight into electricity with an efficiency of 11%, surpassing most solar cells with fullerenes. The discovery paves the way for low-cost and reliable solar energy, with good thermal stability and potential for commercialization.
A phase 1 trial evaluated two candidate Ebola vaccines, Ad26.ZEBOV and MVA-BN-Filo, in healthy volunteers. The study found that immunization with Ad26.ZEBOV generated an initial immune response and sustained elevation of specific immunity, suggesting partial protection against Ebola.
A study in mice reveals how antiviral immune response alters brain activity, impairing neuronal firing in the hippocampus and causing depressive-like behavior. The CXCL10/CXCR3 signaling pathway acts as a bridge between rising interferon levels and changes in neuronal activity, explaining mood changes.
Researchers found that a small dose of E. coli wall can significantly reduce the desire for sweets in mice, possibly by triggering higher levels of leptin hormone. This effect persists for seven days and may have implications for obesity prevention.
A study by Stanford-Dartmouth researchers explores how novel optical configurations can enhance user experience and performance in virtual reality. They found that adaptive focus cues using a prototype system improved user preferences and accuracy.
A recent study by Duke-NUS Medical School scientists has revealed the Zika virus structure and identified potential sites to target with therapeutics. The findings suggest that destabilizing the virus's structure may help reduce disease severity or limit transmission.
The study found that a lack of adequate mentors and role models for women is a significant deterrent to pursuing a career in medical research. Additionally, women who were exposed to medical research during their training were more likely to pursue a research career.
Researchers found that older adults with vascular health conditions, depression, difficulty performing daily activities, and multiple chronic diseases were at higher risk of traumatic brain injury. In contrast, sedentary lifestyles or self-reported alcohol problems did not increase the risk of TBI.
A clinical trial of the experimental Ebola drug TKM-130803 has shown that it does not improve survival in adults with severe Ebola infection. Despite this, the study suggests that the drug may have a benefit for patients with less severe disease.
Researchers used a DNA tool to pinpoint the origin of Yiddish, suggesting it was invented by Iranian and Ashkenazic Jews as they traded on the Silk Road. The language is thought to have acquired new words from other cultures while retaining its Slavic grammar.
Researchers create new method to quantify the change in thermal energy storage during phase transition from photon gas to Bose-Einstein condensate, enabling precise measurement of natural constants and potential applications in high-precision thermometry.
A team of scientists at OIST Graduate University found an unexpected spiral vortex phenomenon when liquid flows through the intersection of two channels. The researchers discovered that spirals appear as flow rates increase and disappear with decreased rates, exhibiting hysteresis in devices with large aspect ratios.
Phytoplankton can spread globally in under a decade, while pollution can become a problem within years. The study's model, using Dijkstra's algorithm, confirmed travel times for real-world objects like plastic debris and radioactive particles.
A novel approach to preventing childhood obesity replaces individual well-child care with group visits emphasizing nutrition-focused interventions. This model was associated with a 90% reduced obesity rate at 2 years of age in children who participated.
A team of climate researchers reconstructs global cooling in the reign of Emperor Justinian, linked to two major volcanic eruptions in 536 and 540 CE. The study finds that these eruptions caused a significant cooling effect on Northern Hemisphere climate, leading to crop failures and famines in Europe.
Researchers at McMaster University have successfully coaxed tellurazole oxides into assembling themselves into cyclic structures, a major advance in supramolecular chemistry. The discovery creates potential for useful new materials in areas such as communication technologies, gas storage, and catalysis.
A team of scientists from the UK and Bangladesh is making genetic data for the wheat blast pathogen publicly available in an effort to address the growing threat. The researchers hope that by sharing their findings, they can develop effective measures to manage the disease and ensure food security.
The article examines the association between for-profit nursing home ownership and care quality, concluding that the precautionary principle should be applied. Observational studies show that publicly funded care in for-profit facilities is inferior to public or non-profit facilities.
Research at University of Cambridge reveals that management-imposed flexible hours lead to work-life balance issues, childcare struggles, and health concerns among low-paid supermarket workers. The study highlights the need for better labor protections and more equitable working conditions.
Scientists at NJIT's Big Bear Solar Observatory captured unprecedented images of a recent solar flare, including bright flare ribbons and coronal rain. These observations provide new insights into the complex dynamics of the Sun's atmosphere and the massive eruptions on its surface.
Scientists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have created a mouse model to study Zika virus, allowing researchers to test vaccines and antivirals while understanding the virus's effects on human brains. The model, lacking key immune system defenses, shows the virus causes severe pathology in brain tissue.
Research by Michigan State University's Saleem Alhabash suggests that adding a religious message to an anti-alcohol warning does not discourage viewers from drinking. Gain-framed messages, which focus on benefits, are more effective than loss-framed messages in this context.
Steven Cavallo, OU meteorology professor, receives $170,000 Young Investigator award for his commitment to studying vortex dynamics. The prize supports his research on polar meteorology and contributes to the development of new scientific stories in atmospheric science.
Research analysis found a 29% increased risk of heart or angina attack and a 32% heightened risk of stroke associated with loneliness and social isolation. The effect size was comparable to that of other recognized psychosocial risk factors, highlighting the importance of addressing loneliness for public health.
A new study by researchers at the University of Oxford and the University of Toronto has found that upgrading roads and joining them to the city grid can dramatically increase land and property prices, leading to improved financial security for poor households. This infrastructure project in the Mexican city of Acayucan resulted in a 7...
A new study has found a direct link between pancreatic cancer and certain mouth bacteria, specifically Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Men and women with these bacteria in their oral microbiome were at least 50% and 59% more likely to develop pancreatic cancer, respectively.
Researchers at VIB-UGent demonstrate that adult circulating monocytes can differentiate into macrophages with identical tissue-specific functions and self-maintenance capacities as those from embryonic origin. This discovery paves the way for monocyte-based cellular therapy in diseases associated with macrophage dysfunction, such as pu...
Researchers warn that even mild chronic cold stress is skewing results in studies of cancer, inflammation, and other fields. The National Research Council recommends a temperature range of 20-26 degrees C for mouse housing.
A researcher from Michigan State University is using a fellowship to study the role of sound in modern South Asian poetry, exploring rhyme, stress and patterns of repetition. The project aims to develop best practices for encoding linguistic data and preserve cultural forms in the region.
A new mouse model developed by researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine enables the study of Zika virus infection and its effects on the brain. The model, which lacks key immune system components, allows for the testing of vaccines and antivirals against the virus.
Lauren Sciences will use the grant to customize LAUR-301 with neurotrophic factor and deliver it to disease sites in central nervous system ALS mice. The company aims for LAUR-301 to enter human clinical trials and become a transformative V-Smart TM Nanomedicine for treating ALS.
New technology allows for detailed analysis of prostate shape changes after treatment, potentially providing prognostic information and early biomarkers. The study, published in PLOS ONE, involves eight patients and plans to expand to 40 more, tracking long-term outcomes.
A study found polar bears are swimming more due to reduced summer sea ice, with adult females covering distances of up to 249 miles in search of food. Climate change is linked to the increased swimming behavior, which may have serious implications for polar bear populations.
A data sharing pilot project will report and reflect on data policy challenges in development research. The project, which involves 8 case studies, aims to develop a model open research data policy and implementation guidelines for funders.
Researchers examined Nike and Adidas' strategies to improve environmental impacts and working conditions from 1995 to 2012. Both companies ultimately adopted sustainability as a core business strategy, but took different approaches to get there.
A study published in Human Reproduction found that women with BRCA1 gene mutations have lower levels of anti-Müllerian hormone, indicating reduced ovarian reserves. This may impact fertility and suggest a need for earlier pregnancy planning.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine developed a new class of small molecule drug SI-2 that accelerates the destruction of cancer signaling molecule SRC-3, leading to slower cell proliferation and migration. The study suggests SI-2 has potential for improving cancer treatment with low toxicity to normal cells and animals.
A new machine learning algorithm can identify human facial expressions based on neural activity, with a 60% success rate. The area of the brain responsible for this task is the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), which activates when looking at images of different facial expressions.
A phase III trial found that patients taking nivolumab were more than twice as likely to be alive after one year compared to those treated with chemotherapy. Median survival for nivolumab was 7.5 months, significantly longer than 5.1 months for chemotherapy.
A new study identifies several risk factors for pre-eclampsia, including having had pre-eclampsia in a previous pregnancy or chronic hypertension prior to the current pregnancy. The researchers developed a tool using routinely collected clinical information to distinguish women who are unlikely to benefit from aspirin therapy.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center propose a new drug to treat life-threatening lung damage caused by infections, cancer treatments, and premature birth. The treatment targets FOXF1, a transcription factor that promotes recovery from acute lung injury.
The new study found that higher levels of antibody against neuraminidase protein were better predictors of protection against flu infection and its side effects. Participants with high levels of HA antibodies experienced lower incidence of mild-to-moderate influenza, but not necessarily less severe symptoms.
Research found that TNF-alpha induces immune surveillance cells called M cells, which promote the body's ability to regulate and suppress inflammatory responses. This discovery could lead to more targeted drug therapies for treating IBD and other autoimmune diseases.
Researchers at Kyung Hee University propose a model to recycle lithium ion batteries into energy storage units for solar-powered LED lamps, reducing e-waste and providing job opportunities. The system can light up a room for about five hours each day, lasting approximately three years without maintenance.
A study published in Trends in Cognitive Sciences suggests that our visual perception may be limited to the 'big picture', capturing details but not specifics. This challenge to the notion of rich visual experience highlights the complexities of consciousness and perception.
Researchers have designed heterocycle-based luminogens with aggregation-induced emission characteristics, offering improved electron transport and tunable energy gaps. These materials exhibit superior performance in optoelectronic devices, chemo- and bio-sensors, and bioimaging applications.
Scientists have developed new methods to monitor endogenous oxidants, which are essential chemical messengers that help maintain organism function. The methods involve genetically encoded probes that can detect specific oxidants in real-time and down to single-cell levels.
A new study from Indiana University reveals that nearly half of all long-stay nursing home residents are sent to the Emergency Department over a year, despite their cognitive status. The study's findings highlight the need for strategies to avoid unnecessary transfers and deliver patient-centered care in long-term care facilities.
Research finds harsh parenting increases risk of poor physical health and obesity, while a warm coparent can partially mitigate this risk. However, the effect on body mass index is counterintuitive, as increased warmth from the other parent increases the health risk.
A systematic review found that parents generally provide the most accurate estimates of their children's body weight in emergency departments. Length-based methods, such as the Broselow Tape, were the next most accurate, but still had limitations.