Marcos Pires, a Lehigh University assistant professor of chemistry, has pioneered an immunotherapy approach to combat bacterial infections. His method involves molecularly tagging pathogenic bacteria to attract antibodies, offering a novel strategy to defeat Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
A new Canadian study found that increasing psychiatrists in Ontario did not significantly improve access to psychiatric care. Despite a 17% increase in practicing psychiatrists, demand for services continued to outpace supply.
A new study suggests that US prisons continue to grow even as crime rates decline, mainly due to the increasing number of repeat offenders. The average offender now has a more extensive criminal record than in the past, making it harder for judges to give alternative sentences.
Scientists have developed a new device that can isolate natural aromatic molecules associated with sweet tastes. The device, called GC-OAT, uses an olfactoscan to deliver continuous streams of aromas through a tube to a subject's nose, allowing researchers to screen for odor compounds in real foods.
Two key protein complexes, condensin and cohesin, play critical roles in organizing chromosomes during cell division. A recent study sheds new light on the specific functions of these proteins, which can help pinpoint the origins of genetic diseases like cancer.
Research by UT Austin sociologists found that students with higher math scores and a greater sense of control over their future are more likely to migrate. The study suggests that innovative labor markets with higher shares of college-educated workers attract skilled workers, leaving behind other areas.
A new study found that infants expect people to share food preferences unless they belong to different social groups. However, disgust reactions are expected to transcend social boundaries. This early understanding has important implications for public health policies on obesity.
Researchers from TU Wien, Aachen, and Manchester successfully created artificial atoms in graphene by confining electrons to small spaces. This innovation enables the preservation of arbitrary superpositions for a long time, ideal properties for quantum computers.
A commentary in CMAJ cautions against tobacco industry influence on Canada's plain packaging consultation. The authors advocate for media vigilance and government requirements to disclose conflicts of interest and ensure submissions are backed by peer-reviewed evidence.
Research published in Nature Microbiology suggests that antibiotic treatment can alter the microbiome and increase the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The study used NOD mice and found that short pulses of antibiotics increased disease incidence by 53% compared to control mice.
When sick, animals alter behavior to reduce social contact and minimize disease transmission, a key finding of the study. By removing themselves from groups, sick animals may protect healthy relatives from infection.
Two novel African types of Salmonella Enteritidis, genetically distinct from the Western type, have been identified through a global-scale genetic study. These bacteria have developed resistance to multiple antibiotics and are a major cause of blood poisoning and death in Africa.
Doctors identify bagpipe lung as a potential hazard for wind instrument players due to fungal growth in moist interiors. A case report reveals a man's death from hypersensitivity pneumonitis linked to playing the bagpipes, highlighting the risk of contamination.
Researchers at MIT create a bubble-wrapped, sponge-like device that captures ambient sunlight and concentrates it to heat water to boiling temperatures. The structure achieves 20% conversion efficiency and can be used for desalination, residential heating, wastewater treatment, and medical tool sterilization.
New research highlights the impact of early experiences on lifelong health, emphasizing the need for protection from toxic stress and supportive interventions for vulnerable children. The study calls for leveraging science to design more effective approaches for mitigating the effects of early adversity.
A team of researchers has identified the genes controlled by Foxn1, a protein essential for thymus development and function. The study reveals that Foxn1 regulates vital functions in the postnatal thymus, providing insights into its role in autoimmune diseases, vaccination responses, and tumor defense.
The Center for Innovative Drug Discovery at UTSA and UT Health Science Center has received a $4.6 million grant to support small molecule drug discovery in cancer research. The grant will enable the center to design and create novel molecules to treat various types of cancers.
Researchers identified otulipenia as a rare inflammatory disease affecting young children, characterized by fever, skin rashes, diarrhea, and joint pain. The condition is caused by the malfunction of OTULIN, a single gene on chromosome 5, leading to an overproduction of inflammatory cytokines.
A team of ASU researchers has found that major earthquakes can actually down-drop mountains while uplifting the surrounding foothills, challenging conventional wisdom on the mechanisms of mountain building. This new understanding may help anticipate seismic hazards in advance of devastating earthquakes.
A new study from Columbia University and MIT found that large-scale groundwater pumping is contaminating aquifers in Southeast Asia with high levels of arsenic, posing a significant risk to human health. The researchers discovered clear patterns of contamination that can help farmers and communities locate lower-risk sites for wells.
Scientists at the University of Texas Medical Branch have successfully treated rhesus macaques infected with Sudan ebolavirus using an RNA-based therapeutic called siRNA, administered via a lipid nanoparticle platform. The treatment was effective in preventing replication of the virus and improving survival rates.
A new study suggests that climate change may extend the ozone season in the Southeastern United States, potentially leading to record ozone days in the fall. As drought-stressed trees emit more of the precursor compound isoprene, air quality becomes more sensitive to climate change.
In a study, researchers found that silvery fish camouflage can deceive even animals with super sight. Fish like tuna and mackerel use reflective scales to blend in, but surprisingly, polarization vision doesn't help animals spot them from farther away.
Erika Eggers is studying retinal cell signaling's role in light adaptation and diabetic retinopathy, which may lead to the development of cell-based models for drug treatments. Researchers have found that neural activity in the retina changes before diabetic retinopathy sets in.
A nationwide study found that job satisfaction in late 20s and early 30s has a significant impact on mental health by the time individuals reach their 40s. Those with consistently low or declining job satisfaction tend to experience poorer mental health, including depression, sleep problems, and excessive worry.
A University of Alaska Fairbanks-led study measures methane release from Arctic permafrost, finding nearly no sign that it has begun, despite projections of large emissions in the future. The research suggests current rates are still below expected levels, but warn of a significant threat to global carbon levels.
The DHAKA score is a four-symptom assessment tool that predicts dehydration severity in children under age five with high accuracy. A new study validates the tool's performance in identifying moderate to severe dehydration, outperforming the current standard IMCI guidelines.
Patients with persistent face pain may experience significant disability and inconvenience due to inadequate treatment. Experts propose a 'hub and spoke' model for efficient diagnosis and management, which could save the NHS money while improving patient outcomes.
The MINERVA study found a significant association between higher medication adherence rates and improved patient outcomes, including reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and healthcare costs. Fully adherent patients had a lower risk of MACE compared to partially and non-adherent populations.
A Baylor University study found that individual characteristics such as income, education, and relationship status are associated with greater satisfaction. Sex life satisfaction was not linked to country-level variables like wealth or HIV/AIDS concern.
Researchers have discovered a new group of compounds that could treat pulmonary hypertension by altering vessel stiffness and its downstream control of metabolism. The findings, published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, highlight the use of these drugs to target the molecular origins of the disease.
A new diagnostic tool for tuberculosis has been developed to simplify, fasten and improve the accuracy of tests. The experimental new test is currently being tested in South Africa.
A University at Buffalo study finds that fussy infants who find food more rewarding are at a higher risk of obesity. The research assessed infant temperament through a questionnaire, measuring cuddliness and food reinforcement.
Tropical Storm Lionrock heads south-southeastward towards Japan while Tropical Storm Mindulle makes landfall just south of Tokyo and then moves northwards. Both storms exhibit improved circular shapes after NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite capture on Aug 21.
A new study by Rice University researchers found that strong external governance mechanisms can actually increase the likelihood of financial fraud among top managers. Higher levels of dedicated institutional ownership and increased analyst pressure were linked to higher rates of fraud. The findings challenge traditional agency theory,...
A Baylor University study found that individual-level characteristics, such as higher income and education, are associated with greater sex life satisfaction in Sub-Saharan Africa. Satisfaction is not linked to country-level variables like wealth, suggesting that factors beyond economic status influence overall happiness.
Researchers studied West Antarctica's landscape and found the ice sheet thinned relatively quickly after a period of warming, losing 400m of thickness in 3,000 years. This caused sea levels to increase by up to two metres.
Researchers have developed a theoretical framework to quantify the degree of transparency of 2D materials to an electrostatic field. This allows for microscopic control over charged carriers in bulk semiconductors, leading to next-generation optoelectronics with lower power consumption.
A new study suggests that the US prison population continues to rise despite a decline in crime rates, due to judges dealing with more repeat offenders with extensive criminal records. The average offender now has nearly twice as many prior felonies as they did in 1981.
Researchers have developed a gene therapy approach using ultrasound energy and microbubbles to selectively open cells, allowing delivery of therapeutic agents. The study's findings will help refine this technique as a clinical tool and translate it into an effective gene or drug delivery tool for patients.
A new study found that a combination of stem cell grafts and a compound called 3K3A-APC significantly improves motor and sensory functions in mice with stroke-induced brain damage. The therapy increases the production of nerve cells, forming functional connections with the host's nervous system.
New research from Purdue University suggests that soluble corn fiber can help young women build bone and retain calcium during adolescence, while also preserving bone health in older women post-menopause. The studies found improved bone calcium retention and absorption by 4.8% to 7%.
Scientists have developed injectable gels that can be injected into the heart to shore up weakened areas and prevent heart failure. The gels, made from hyaluronic acid, provide mechanical support and limit scar tissue formation, preserving the heart's size and blood-pumping ability.
Researchers aim to develop a recipe for solving runaway electron problems using simulations and data from worldwide experiments. The Simulation Center for Runaway Electron Avoidance and Mitigation will explore causes and solutions for relativistic runaway electrons traveling at nearly the speed of light.
Fascin protein plays a crucial role in deforming the cell nucleus to navigate through tight spaces. The study suggests that this ability may be exploited by cancer cells to invade tissues, making fascin a potential target for therapy.
Researchers at UTMB have protected nonhuman primates against Ebola Sudan four days after infection using a siRNA-based treatment. The treatment was effective even when animals showed signs of disease and had detectable levels of the virus in their blood.
Researchers at Georgia State University identified a brain mechanism that prevents morphine tolerance and addiction. Blocking a particular cytokine eliminated morphine tolerance, reducing the dose required for pain relief by half.
A new Kyoto University DNA test can identify disaster victims and confirm relatedness between distant relatives like second cousins with nearly 100% accuracy using a simple swab sample.
A study published in Evolution and Human Behavior found that regular churchgoers are perceived as more generous and hardworking compared to others. The researchers suggest that this is due to the potent signal sent by these individuals, demonstrating their generosity, devotion, and commitment to contributing to their communities.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that congregate at injury sites to form blood clots. These particles can cut bleeding time in half and reduce total blood loss, making them a potential game-changer for treating internal bleeding.
A new study finds that starting to watch pornography is associated with a higher likelihood of divorce among married Americans, especially women. The study, which analyzed nationally representative data, suggests that viewing pornography can negatively impact marital stability under certain social conditions.
A new study reveals that certain beetles, such as hidden-snout and toe-winged beetles, were pollinating orchids 20 million years ago. This discovery suggests that these beetles may have played a more significant role in orchid reproduction than previously thought.
Researchers found that chimpanzees choose to cooperate five times more frequently than compete, using various strategies to overcome competition. The study suggests shared roots of human cooperation with other primates and provides insight into human evolution.
Researchers found that omega-3 fatty acids reduced brain damage in mice with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. The study suggests that injecting DHA after a stroke-like event can protect brain mitochondria against free radical damage.
The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) has launched a new PatientINFO Center to provide high-quality, readable information on colorectal cancer. The center addresses gaps in existing resources, offering detailed information on screening options, risk factors, and prevention strategies.
A new study reveals that socioeconomic differences between white and ethnic minority patients are the main factor affecting their chances of survival. Patients with higher income, insurance status, and marital status tend to have better outcomes.
A vehicle's cold start is the best target for future design changes to meet tightening emissions requirements. Newer cars emit very low amounts of organic gases, with most emissions coming out immediately after starting the engine.
A comprehensive study on canine hereditary disorders found that 1 in 6 dogs carried genetic variants for diseases, and 1 in 6 previously unreported variants were discovered in a specific breed. The research highlights the importance of collaboration between academia and industry to improve dog health and welfare.
Gerontologists call for clinicians to coordinate care among orthopedics, rehabilitation services, and primary care to reevaluate patients' medication use after a fracture. Clinicians should consider reducing or discontinuing psychotropic medications linked to increased risk of falls and fractures, while prioritizing prescribing drugs k...
α-synuclein aggregates are transported between neurons via lysosomal vesicles in tunneling nanotubes, enabling Parkinson's disease progression. This discovery highlights the role of tunneling nanotubes in intercellular communication and lysosome-mediated protein disposal.