A University of Colorado study found distinct genetic drivers in colorectal cancer among young and old patients, with potential implications for targeted therapies.
Researchers at Norwegian University of Science and Technology found that the blue egg color in cuckoos is inherited solely from the mother through mitochondrial DNA. This discovery challenges previous theories and highlights the importance of genetic inheritance in avian species.
A new study by James Burkett and colleagues found that prairie voles console loved ones who are feeling stressed, suggesting a complex form of empathy. The researchers discovered that the 'love hormone' oxytocin is involved in this behavior, which occurs only between familiar individuals, not strangers.
A new study by Rosalind Franklin University researchers has discovered that hydrogen sulfide levels regulate chronic inflammation caused by obesity. The findings suggest targeting the Orai3 calcium channel as a novel treatment for obesity-related inflammation and related health issues.
A study found that older individuals and those with neuroinvasive disease have elevated and atypical T cell responses, promoting pathogenic outcomes. The researchers suggest that immune-mediated damage may contribute to neurologic symptoms in West Nile Virus infection.
A survey of nearly 4,000 people found that 60% of Americans would buy a smart or childproof gun, debunking the argument that there is no market for such guns. The technology uses fingerprint or RFID verification to prevent unauthorized use.
A Georgia State University researcher has received a four-year grant to investigate how killer T-cells can be enhanced to fight colorectal cancers after radiation treatment. The goal is to develop more effective combination treatments that combine radiation therapy with immunotherapy.
Researchers at Georgia State University discovered gene-targets that may enable alternative treatments or new drugs targeting metastasis-promoting tumor genes. Biomarkers like enhanced neuropilin-1 and NEDD9 positively correlated with metastasis in endometrial and lung cancer.
A new genus and species of 'horned necked' praying mantis, Cornucollis masoalensis, has been discovered in a French museum collection. The insect features distinctive speckled patches on its head and pale color with opaque wings, suggesting it dwells on the undersides of leaves.
Research at the University of Illinois found that US-grown soybean meal contains at least 200 kcal more digestible, metabolizable, and net energy than current estimates. This increases its economic value and can reduce diet costs if used in pig feed formulations.
Researchers discovered that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species induce cell death by NETosis in a process dependent on RNA-protein immune complexes found in lupus patients. The extracellular release of oxidized mitochondrial DNA promotes an inflammatory reaction, and scavengers that clean up the overflow can reduce type I interferon ...
McGill University researchers suggest a model for guiding policy on germline gene editing, based on pre-implantation genetic diagnosis after in vitro fertilization. The PGD model provides a robust approach to regulation, outlining medically determined requirements and substantial risk of occurrence for genetic testing.
A North Carolina State University study finds that snowshoe hares experiencing a mismatch in their coat colors due to climate change suffer a 7% drop in weekly survival rate. The researchers suggest that natural selection may enable the adaptation of some individuals, but whether it can save hare populations quickly enough is uncertain.
The discovery of Calathea galdamesiana highlights the importance of botanical research and conservation efforts in Panama. The new species is distinguished by its unique leaf shape and ground-dwelling inflorescences, and was discovered during a biological diversity inventory organized by the Panamanian Ministry of the Environment.
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation awarded over $4.39M to 23 researchers conducting innovative cancer research, including four Breakthrough Scientists awards. These grants aim to support novel ideas and therapies in basic and translational cancer research.
Researchers Christina Diaz and Jeremy E. Fiel found that socioeconomic disadvantage can mitigate the negative impact of young motherhood on educational attainment and future wages. Their study analyzed data from over 3,600 young women and found that better-off teenagers were more affected by early pregnancy.
A new brain imaging study from MIT and Harvard Medical School may lead to a screen that could identify children at high risk of developing depression later in life. The researchers found distinctive brain differences in children known to be at high risk due to family history of depression, suggesting an early intervention strategy.
Researchers used data from a national survey to model areas of high risk of Mansonella perstans infection and examine its overlap with other parasitic infections. The study found that forested areas and high densities of cattle are associated with increased levels of M. perstans infection.
The thalamus enhances and stores sensory information, allowing the brain to filter out important data and forward it in an amplified form. Researchers have identified the higher-order thalamus as a key player in this process, which has implications for understanding sensory perception and behavior.
A recent study by University of Illinois graduate student Gabriel Merrin found that youths who resisted pressure to join street gangs were more likely to perceive fair treatment by teachers and have at least one adult in their life for support. These findings underscore the importance of positive educational experiences and supportive ...
A new study supports bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients with end-stage osteoarthritis prior to total knee replacement (TKR) surgery. The evaluation predicts improved quality-of-life and cost-effectiveness for these patients, making it a viable treatment strategy.
The study found that oxytocin promotes consoling behavior in prairie voles, characterized by calming contact directed at a distressed individual. This discovery has significant implications for understanding and treating psychiatric disorders like autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia.
A new study from the University of Maryland provides geochemical evidence for the onset of plate tectonics around 3 billion years ago. The analysis of trace element ratios correlates to magnesium content in ancient rocks suggests that this process began during the Archean eon.
A new study finds that government funds account for 64% of US health care spending, exceeding private spending and surpassing other nations with universal health programs. Taxpayers pay the highest health-related taxes per capita, yet millions remain uninsured.
Researchers found Aged Garlic Extract slows total plaque accumulation by 80% and reduces soft plaque in patients with metabolic syndrome. The study reversed deadly plaque buildup in arteries, a potential breakthrough in treating heart disease.
A modeling study finds that gradual and countywide closures are most effective strategies in reducing influenza transmission, with lower social costs than nationwide closures. These approaches can contribute to limiting the impact of future pandemics.
The new model simulates light-harvesting across a thylakoid membrane, enabling the explanation of PSII's high quantum efficiency. The research paves the way for improving food crop yields and developing artificial photosynthesis technologies for solar energy systems.
A NYU study investigates how brain mechanisms affect decision-making after errors. The research found that a combination of adaptive and maladaptive neural processes influence slowing, but ultimately lead to no change in accuracy. Insights from the study may offer new perspectives on afflictions like Alzheimer's Disease and ADHD.
Researchers found mild fibrosis in biopsies taken a few months after transplant correlated with acute kidney injury gene expression, while advanced fibrosis reflected ongoing injury. Older transplants with fibrosis were associated with an increased risk of kidney failure.
Researchers have made significant progress in developing fluorescent chemical probes that can target specific cancer cells, allowing for more accurate tumor removal. These probes have the potential to improve patient outcomes and reduce the need for repeat surgeries.
A study found that high levels of mitochondrial DNA in the blood are associated with a lower risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). The researchers analyzed data from over 9,500 participants and discovered that individuals with higher mitochondrial DNA copy numbers had a 25% lower risk of CKD compared to those with lower levels.
Researchers found that people living in self-oriented cultures are less emotionally complex than those in other-oriented cultures, which prioritize feelings of duty and familial bonds. People in various parts of Asia and Russia showed more emotional complexity.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba identified the catalytic structure and proposed a mechanism for non-platinum oxygen reduction catalysts, showing that pyridinic nitrogen is key to its performance. The study's findings will enable optimization studies to focus on improving catalyst efficiency.
Dartmouth scientists have made a breakthrough in synthesizing rare natural products that promote regeneration and growth of injured nerve cells. The discovery opens up new possibilities for developing therapeutic agents based on these complex compounds.
A new study found that prenatal methamphetamine exposure can lead to targeted behavioral issues, but a supportive home environment significantly decreases their severity. The study surveyed 290 children and found strong relations between prenatal methamphetamine exposure and rule-breaking behavior.
Small-scale agriculture in developing nations can significantly benefit from increased pollinator density, with a 24% yield increase possible. Large farms may require diverse pollinators to achieve similar benefits, highlighting the importance of agricultural strategies to support pollinator health.
A new study from Indiana University School of Medicine found that medical students with lower reflection scores are more likely to be cited for professionalism lapses. Reflective ability enhances students' capacity for empathy, compassion, and patient-centeredness, and is essential for their professional development.
A study of freshwater snails found that asexuality, rather than polyploidy, is the key to their rapid growth and reproductive success. The researchers discovered that asexual females grew twice as fast and reached reproductive maturity 30% faster than sexual females.
A new study by researchers at Dartmouth College finds that certain types of parental debt, such as mortgage and student loans, can have a positive impact on children's socioemotional well-being. Children whose parents have higher levels of home mortgage and student debt tend to have fewer behavioral problems than those with less debt.
Researchers found that unexpected sports wins and sunny days increased daily lottery purchases in New York City neighborhoods. The effect was seen across both wealthy and poorer areas, with a total increase of $160,000 in spending on lottery gambling on days with multiple sports team wins.
Human monoclonal antibodies isolated from Ebola survivors can neutralize multiple species of the virus, including Bundibugyo, Sudan, and Zaire viruses. These findings suggest a common therapeutic or vaccine strategy could solve all Ebola viruses.
New figures show that screening picks up the majority of bowel cancer cases at an early stage. Screening detected more than a third of bowel cancers at stage one and fewer than one in ten advanced to stage four. Patients whose cancers are picked up at an earlier stage have better chances of survival due to effective treatment.
Researchers from Loyola University Medical Center identified 60 genetic diseases that involve the skin, central nervous system, and/or peripheral nervous system. These conditions, including neurofibromatosis, can cause a range of symptoms such as tumors, learning disabilities, and bone deformities.
Scientists create artificial ice storm to study its effects on northern hardwood forests, including tree growth, pest and pathogen impacts, and nutrient cycling. The research aims to improve understanding of climate change's role in shaping forest ecosystems.
A new study reveals a strong association between human papillomavirus (HPV) types and the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Detection of HPV-16 in the oral cavity significantly increases the risk of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, highlighting the role of HPV in HNSCC.
A new study found that implementing LGBT training for healthcare staff in New York City correctional facilities led to a significant decrease in patient complaints. Within six months, all patient complaints were resolved, marking a major improvement in transgender healthcare.
Researchers used molecular dynamics simulations to study supercritical water, revealing differences in hydrogen bond networks between three states: liquid water at room temperature, high-density and low-density supercritical states. The study aims to interpret experimental results using terahertz spectroscopy.
A collaborative program with the Cherokee Nation is addressing tobacco-related cancer disparities through research, training, and education for American Indian students and investigators. The program aims to develop a surveillance registry and strengthen anti-tobacco programs.
A pioneering study has examined a collective grave in Spain, providing insights into the lives of people around 6,000 years ago. The research reveals a uniform community with strong familial relationships, a homogeneous diet, and evidence of ancestral worship.
Scientists have discovered a mechanism by which the immune system retains a 'memory' of past infections, allowing for a quick and successful response upon future encounters. The study found that T cells leave behind imprints on chromosomes, enabling the immune system to rapidly respond to recurrent infections.
A new study by University of Vermont psychologist Jamie Abaied found that college students whose parents exert psychological control are more likely to engage in hostile behavior with their peers. The study suggests that parental control can stunt independence and lead to relational aggression, which involves harming feelings or damagi...
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered that CDK4/6 inhibitors alter the metabolism of pancreatic cancer cells, revealing a biologic vulnerability. By targeting altered tumor metabolism with other drugs, it may be possible to positively impact cancer treatment.
A new study reveals that the β-1 adrenergic receptor and RAGE work together to cause myocardial injury and progression to cardiomyopathy. Blocking RAGE signaling after β-adrenergic agonist-induced heart failure mitigates cell death and restores cardiac function.
New research by Duke University scientists suggests that habits like sugar addiction manifest in the brain's basal ganglia circuitry, leading to a 'go' signal that primes cravings. The study found that mice with formed habits had altered brain activity patterns, including a change in timing between go and stop signals.
A study in JCI Insight identifies Dickkopf-3 as a driver of renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease. DKK3 expression is elevated in stressed tubular epithelia and associates with profibrotic T cell responses, leading to interstitial fibrosis and impaired kidney function.
A long-term analysis of water quality monitoring data reveals that climate change is affecting Buzzards Bay's ecosystem by increasing average summertime temperatures by almost 2 degrees Celsius. This warming fueling an increase in algae growth, which in turn worsens water quality and poses challenges for coastal ecosystems.
Researchers at MIT have found a key to solving the great unsolved problem of heat loss in fusion reactors. Interactions between turbulence at the tiniest scale, that of electrons, and turbulence at a much larger scale, that of ions, can account for the discrepancy between theory and experimental results.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have found a reliable method to estimate an infant's gestational age using a metabolic profile derived from routine newborn screenings. This technique can help doctors determine if a baby was born on time or prematurely, which is crucial for deciding medical care and identifying potential health is...
Researchers at ORNL will support two new DOE-funded projects exploring advanced nuclear reactor technologies, including molten chloride fast reactors and pebble bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactors.
The study reveals a low prevalence of T. cruzi parasites with limited genetic diversity, contradicting previous assumptions about the parasite's presence in the US. This suggests that local transmission of Chagas disease may be lower than previously thought, but also highlights the need for increased awareness and diagnosis.