Researchers developed a compound that transforms near-infrared light into broadband white-light, emitting directional and high-quality light suitable for microscopes and projection systems. The material is cheap, readily available, and easily scalable, opening up new routes for advanced directed illumination technologies.
A study published in Archives of Sexual Behavior found that behaviorally bisexual men avoid disclosure due to stigma and homophobia, fearing ridicule, rejection, and victimization. The researchers suggest public education campaigns to dispel myths about bisexual men and strategies to minimize negative reactions.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati found that a pre-procedure medication regimen can significantly reduce hospital stays and readmission rates for liver cancer patients undergoing DEB TACE treatment. The study involved 113 procedures in 71 patients, with only 5% requiring hospital admission due to post-procedural syndrome.
A new study published in The Lancet Neurology reveals that air pollution is a major contributor to stroke worldwide, accounting for nearly a third of the global burden. Modifiable risk factors such as smoking, poor diet, and low physical activity are also significant causes of stroke.
Faulty assumptions about addressing minority patients' needs underlie persistent racial/ethnic disparities in mental health and substance use disorders. The article recommends tailoring care, responding to patient needs, and expanding the workforce to reduce disparities.
A study found that women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a doubled risk of pre-malignant cervical changes and potentially an increased risk of cervical cancer compared to the general female population. Regular cervical screening is crucial for women with SLE, regardless of treatment
Silva-Valenzuela will work in the laboratory of Andrew Camilli to determine which types of bacteriophages can effectively eliminate the cholera bacteria in water. The team aims to develop a novel approach to prevent cholera outbreaks.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has announced the selection of five early-career cancer researchers, who will receive four years of flexible funding to conduct their work. The selected scientists aim to unravel the mysteries of cancer by studying medulloblastoma recurrence and developing new immune therapies against pancreatic cancer.
A study of over 1,100 patients with symptoms of gonorrhea or chlamydia found that 76.6% who received antibiotics tested negative for the STDs. The study suggests focusing on clinical predictors may improve unnecessary antibiotic prescribing in patients without true disease.
A new study reveals a link between melting Greenland ice and faster Arctic warming, with significant implications for sea level rise and ocean circulation. The research found that a unique atmospheric pattern led to record-breaking melt in northern Greenland during the summer of 2015.
A new study found that short blue light exposure can lead to increased brain activity in specific regions and improved reaction times for over 40 minutes after exposure. The research suggests that blue-enriched white light could be used to enhance alertness and quick decision making in various settings.
A 3-inch monogamous hermaphrodite fish has evolved a unique reproductive strategy, trading male and female roles to fertilize eggs equally. This behavioral study reveals that long-term partnerships among animals prioritize fairness and cooperation.
A new study maps the geographical ranges of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, which transmit dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses, across 183 counties in 26 states and 1,241 counties in 40 states.
A new study reveals that large marine and terrestrial species are in 'double jeopardy' of extinction, with economic value driving risk above a certain threshold. The analysis highlights the importance of considering trade and differences between terrestrial and marine animals when designing effective conservation strategies.
The LawSeqSM project aims to clarify current genomic law, address gaps, and generate recommendations for a forward-looking legal foundation. This 3-year project brings together experts from academia, industry, and clinical care to create guidance on translating genomics into clinical application.
New research reveals that hierarchy in biological networks arises due to cost constraints on connections, leading to more efficient networks. This finding may accelerate the development of complex computational brains in AI and robotics.
A national assessment of metal contamination in bats reveals high levels of metals such as lead, copper, and cadmium that can cause toxic effects in bat populations. Around 21% of sampled bats contained residues of at least one metal above toxic thresholds, indicating a significant proportion may be affected by metal exposure.
Researchers are exploring ways to introduce blackcurrant pomace into bread and breakfast foods to enrich their fibre content. The project aims to find methods of introducing the pomace, which is a rich source of polyphenols and fibre, into cereal products.
Scientists uncovered century-scale patterns in Pacific rainfall and temperature linked to global climate changes over the past 2000 years. El Niño-like states have amplified global climate fluctuations, with northern hemisphere warming and droughts corresponding to an El Niño state from 950 to 1250.
University of Oregon scientists have synthesized a stable biradical compound with two free-flowing, non-bonding electrons. The molecule can change its bonding patterns to a magnetic state when heated, but returns to a fully bonded non-magnetic closed state at room temperature.
Researchers from Michigan State University create a new model to estimate summer monarch abundance in Ohio and Illinois through their migration through Texas. Higher populations are associated with average to above-average precipitation and cooler temperatures in Texas during spring.
Researchers created a detailed, high-resolution simulation of weather patterns in the Western US using data from tens of thousands of personal computers. The analysis showed impacts of terrain on local weather and improved accuracy for regional climate predictions.
A new study from RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science reveals that amino acid sequences are key determinants of silk fiber material properties. The research sheds light on the unique properties of silkworm silks, including their mechanical and thermal behavior.
Researchers have developed nanoparticles that can selectively deliver drugs to inflamed joint tissue, improving tolerability and reducing treatment costs. This breakthrough offers new hope for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, allowing for early diagnosis and targeted therapy.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have shown how infected immune cells directly transmit newly minted viral particles to uninfected sister cells, spreading the virus efficiently. This study highlights cell-to-cell transmission as a key route for HIV spread and may help develop new treatments.
Researchers in Madrid are working on a three-year project to improve laws regarding disability, focusing on universal design and accessibility. They aim to integrate all stakeholders and create new specialists in disability support, while analyzing existing regulations and proposals to develop alternative frameworks.
The QUTIS group and Google have collaborated on a pioneering experiment that digitizes analogue quantum computation using superconducting circuits. This breakthrough enables the universal solvability of optimization problems, useful in finance, materials science, and pharmaceuticals.
A new breath test has been developed to identify lung cancer after surgery, using a simple, affordable process that analyzes carbonyl volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath. The test shows great potential for detecting lung cancer at any point, both as primary screening and post-surgery monitoring.
The US policy on mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) is at a standstill due to a contradiction between the National Academies' recommendation and a legislation enacted by President Obama's administration. MRT aims to replace disease-causing mitochondrial DNA in human embryos, providing new cures for previously untreatable conditions.
A prospective observational study of 19,815 adults found that those with higher fitness levels had a 37% lower risk of stroke after age 65. The study's findings support the independent role of exercise in preventing stroke and reinforce the benefits of being physically fit throughout life.
High-intensity femtosecond laser pulses can cause DNA breaks and damage, with OH radicals being more likely to produce double strand breaks. The extent of damage can be controlled by varying the focal length of the focusing lens.
Researchers found that Lake Michigan painted and snapping turtles carry all eight metals, with concentrations correlating with soil assessments in the wetlands. The turtles' long lifespan and position in the food chain make them useful indicators of wetland pollution, potentially posing a health risk to humans who consume them.
A University of Liverpool study found the NHS Health Check programme is not supporting the UK population's cardiovascular health. Researchers suggest a new strategy combining structural interventions with screening in deprived areas could maximize effectiveness and equity.
A new study from UTMB reveals that pulmonary rehabilitation therapy is underutilized despite its health benefits and cost-effectiveness in managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The study found that the majority of economic burden of COPD stems from hospitalizations, which can be reduced by PR.
A study found that patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are positive for the anti-CCP antibody respond better to abatacept, a T cell co-stimulation blocker. In contrast, patients without this antibody do not show significant differences in treatment response to TNF inhibitors.
A diet lacking in zinc is detrimental to human and animal health due to impaired digestion. Even slight zinc deficiency impairs pancreatic digestive activity and results in significant digestive impairment at an early stage.
Researchers develop a new method to analyze genetic sequences, known as SURVIV, which can predict cancer patients' survival times with greater accuracy. This technique may also enable doctors to target specific genetic sequences that could fight disease, according to the study published in Nature Communications.
UC Riverside researchers found that Toxoplasma infection disrupts neurotransmitters in the brain, leading to neurological disease in predisposed individuals. Treatment with ceftriaxone restored GLT-1 expression, reducing extracellular glutamate and normalizing neuronal function.
The Global Alliance for Genomics and Health presents a vision for a common framework of principles, protocols, and interoperable systems to enable responsible data sharing. The alliance has created tools such as the Genomics API and the Framework for Responsible Sharing of Genomic and Health Related Data.
Researchers at ULB developed new methods to determine stem cell multipotency and unipotency with high confidence. The findings show that prostate cells are multipotent while mammary gland cells are unipotent, resolving a long-standing debate in the field.
A review of physical employment standards aims to improve age- and sex-neutrality and address nutritional health, hydration, protective clothing, and load carriage. The special issue consolidates international perspectives on best practices in employment standards.
Experts agree that there is no place for students to fear expulsion due to their sexual orientation in CACREP-accredited programs. Protections for both religious liberties and sexual minorities can coexist, the experts argue.
Research found that young people with older friend connections exhibit reduced ageism, even without direct experience. Knowing positive relationships among peers expands acceptance of older adults.
Research identifies genetic basis for social parasitism in Cape bees, where worker bees can reproduce asexually. The study reveals that multiple genes are required for this trait, including those involved in hormonal signaling and chromosomal segregation.
A new mutation in the ZBTB7A gene boosts energy metabolism in leukemia cells, promoting their growth and survival. This discovery offers a promising therapeutic target for treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients.
A new study presents a visual trigger approach that leverages the 'ick factor' to motivate hospital staff to comply with hand hygiene guidelines. The program, tested on units with low compliance rates, showed significant increases in adherence, with compliance rates rising by 11-46 percentage points.
A new study finds that mental health professionals overestimate their ability to identify mentally ill patients who may engage in firearm violence. The researchers conclude that mental health professionals need more training on firearms issues to prevent firearm trauma by the mentally ill, with a focus on firearm suicides.
Researchers have unraveled how pre-leukemic white blood cell precursors become leukemia stem cells by targeting the RNA editing enzyme ADAR1. Inhibiting ADAR1 can counteract its effect on leukemia stem cell self-renewal, potentially reducing cancer progression.
The Pew Charitable Trusts announced ten innovative postdoctoral scientists from Latin America who will receive two years of funding to pursue research at US laboratories and academic institutions. The program aims to expand frontiers in biomedical science, improving human health and well-being globally.
Researchers are designing cooperative robots to empower people with disabilities to safely travel and navigate unfamiliar environments. A gaze-controlled robotic system is also being developed to enable people with motor impairments to fetch objects by looking at them.
Researchers found that people who take photos of their experiences enjoy them more than those who don't. Photo-taking increases engagement, making the experience more pleasurable. However, the effect is limited to active participation and not when taking pictures interferes with the experience.
Astronomers have found evidence for a tightly orbiting gas giant, PTFO8-8695 b, which is being torn away by its 2 million-year-old star. The planet's outer layers are likely to be destroyed, and its ultimate fate remains uncertain.
A new computer algorithm enables scientists to use satellite data to determine groundwater levels across larger areas than ever before. The technique, developed at Stanford University, could lead to better models of groundwater flow and monitoring in agricultural regions. The team was able to calculate surface deformations and groundwa...
A study by Ting Luo examines the value of dynamic forecasting in intermodal management, finding it reduces holding costs and ensures swift stock buildups for imminent shortages. Dynamic forecasting guides policy formulation, particularly when customer heterogeneity is high, inventory costs are low, and forecast accuracy is high.
Researchers found that faster intestinal calcium absorption and increased urinary excretion of calcium may predispose hypercalciuric patients to developing kidney stones. Measuring these factors could help identify individuals at risk, allowing for early prevention and treatment.
A study presented at EULAR 2016 found that patients with antibodies to biological infliximab are less likely to benefit from infliximab biosimilar (CT-P13). The presence of these anti-infliximab antibodies can lead to a loss of response and increased risk of side effects. The findings suggest that antibody-positive patients should not ...
Research published in Frontiers in Psychology found that people who witnessed a crime can identify criminals through their distinctive scent. Human nose-witnesses were able to correctly identify perpetrators in almost 70% of cases, showing promise for forensic applications.
Research finds that skilled readers don't need to 'sound out' words they know, with a separate area for visual dictionary-like recognition. A different region processes sounds, explaining why people with dyslexia struggle with reading.
A large-scale proteomic study using SWATH-MS technique reveals specific proteins responsible for fat and energy metabolism in mice. The researchers found that COX7A2L protein plays a crucial role in mitochondrial function and its deficiency can lead to metabolic disorders.
Seven pioneers in HIV/AIDS and epigenetics research receive NIDA's Avenir awards to support groundbreaking projects using genome editing, smartphones, and smart health technologies. These early-stage investigators will receive up to $300,000 per year for five years to advance addiction science.