Researchers develop Bend-Induced-Oscillatory-Shearing (BIOS) process to produce hundreds of meters of polymer opals on a roll-to-roll process, exhibiting chameleon-like color-shifting properties. The material has potential applications in smart clothing, building coatings, and banknote security.
Insilico Medicine scientists will present advances in deep learning for biomarker development and drug discovery at the ISFA-Columbia University Actuarial Science Workshop. The workshop aims to integrate deep learning with actuarial science to assess risk in finance, insurance, and other industries.
A phase III clinical trial found that giving chemotherapy after radiotherapy delays further growth of anaplastic glioma and increases the number of patients alive at five years. The treatment improved survival for patients with this rare type of brain tumour, now being considered standard care.
A UK survey found that overweight very young children consume larger meals than healthy weight children, consuming approximately 11 calories more per meal, but eating less frequently. This disparity in meal size, not frequency, appears to be a significant risk factor for childhood obesity.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital are presenting promising preliminary results from clinical trials of an experimental monoclonal antibody for treating high-risk pediatric patients with neuroblastoma. Additionally, studies suggest that high-dose methotrexate may leave some survivors at risk for attention problems, wh...
A Phase II clinical trial has shown an 80% success rate in shrinking tumors in newly diagnosed, high-risk neuroblastoma patients treated with a new monoclonal antibody. The experimental agent was found to have reduced treatment-limiting pain compared to other anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies.
A study by Dr Anu Molarius found that obesity rates increased from 13% to 17% among women and 12% to 17% among men between 2000 and 2012. The prevalence of obesity was highest among middle-aged individuals with a middle level education.
Dartmouth College scientists have discovered a new way to produce sustainable feeds for tilapia and other farmed fish. They found that replacing wild fish oil with marine microalgae increases the nutritional value of the fish while reducing environmental impact.
Researchers at Kiel University and Forschungszentrum Jülich have predicted that skyrmions can be produced for applications at room temperature with specifically adjusted magnetic layer structures. This enables the potential for high-density, energy-saving data storage and processing.
New Horizons team members used computer models to determine the depth and rate of Pluto's convective cells, which are 10-30 miles across and less than a million years old. These cells help support Pluto's atmosphere by refreshing its surface.
Researchers found dopamine signaling in the cerebral cortex predicts changes in brain network communication during working memory. This study may lead to better treatments for schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders by optimizing dopamine signaling.
Research by Sebastian Vetter and colleagues found that personality traits of female wild boars impact their ability to raise offspring. Shy females, with more careful behavior and high maternal care, had greater success in rearing offspring in good mast years.
A study published in Journal of Traumatic Stress found that PTSD is a strong predictor of lower sexual satisfaction in both male and female veterans. In contrast, male veterans with PTSD had similar sexual activity rates as those without the condition.
Scientists at Aarhus University used X-rays to study eculizumab's mechanism. They found the antibody creates a physical barrier preventing C5 cleaving enzymes from forming contacts.
Research found that agriculture led to rapid male population expansion in Neolithic Time, with a 10- to 100-fold increase in population size. This growth occurred after the advent of agriculture, suggesting that it was a driving force behind the initial male population expansion.
Researchers used tadpoles to study sensory integration in the brain, finding that immature brains overreact to simultaneous stimuli. As brains mature, inhibitory neurons gain balance with excitatory neurons, allowing for more refined discrimination between simultaneous and non-simultaneous inputs.
A study by North Carolina State University researchers reveals that zebrafish bred for boldness display sleeker bodies and faster swimming abilities compared to those bred for shyness. The findings suggest a link between personality traits, body shape, and locomotion, challenging the idea of independent animal traits.
A new study by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev found that medical marijuana users report improved pain, nausea, anxiety, appetite, and mood, with only minor side effects. The study involved over 2,000 patients using medical marijuana for cancer and non-cancer treatment.
A $1.7 million NIH grant will help a Florida State University scientist uncover how cancer-causing viruses manipulate cell communication through exosomes. The research could lead to more effective and less harmful ways to treat diseases like cancer.
A novel algorithm reduces surface-level environmental impacts from shale gas development by more than a third, at a relatively small additional cost. The study, published in Conservation Biology, found that developers can avoid significant environmental disturbances by steering development away from habitats associated with rare species.
In a phase 3 study, Lutathera treatment results in improved progression-free survival and higher objective radiographic response rates compared to Octreotide LAR. The safety profile of Lutathera was also favorable with low-grade adverse events.
Research found that crows on a university campus carried high rates of Campylobacter jejuni, suggesting they could play a role in transmitting the bacteria to humans. The study tracked crow movements and behavior, revealing that their foraging habits often bring them into close proximity with livestock and humans.
A Korean research team developed a graphene-based transparent electrode structure, achieving high efficiency and flexibility in flexible OLEDs. The new device architecture maximizes the efficiency of graphene-based OLEDs by inducing a synergistic collaboration between high- and low-index layers.
Researchers have discovered a new protein compound that binds to two HER2 receptors simultaneously, preventing growth signals and killing cancer cells. This innovative solution shows great promise in treating invasive breast cancer more effectively.
Researchers found that anti-DNA antibodies preferentially bind to damaged double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) over native DNA, contributing to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This study provides mechanistic insight into the formation and properties of pathogenic anti-DNA antibodies.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center found that exercise can significantly reduce neuropathic symptoms in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The study, which involved over 300 participants, showed that a six-week walking routine with gentle resistance-band training reduced pain and sensitivity to cold. Exerci...
Dr. Glen Weiss presents five innovative cancer studies at ASCO, including liquid biopsies for predicting treatment improvements and promising results with avelumab against recurrent-refractory ovarian cancer. Brigatinib shows substantial antitumor activity in ALK non-small cell lung cancer patients.
Researchers found that Zika virus infects about 20% of brain progenitor cells, which can become neurons, and continues to replicate for weeks without stimulating an immune response. The study provides insights into the severe neurological effects caused by Zika, such as microcephaly and impaired growth in infants.
A study published at the American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting found bacteria in women's ovaries and fallopian tubes. Women with ovarian cancer have distinct bacterial profiles, suggesting potential links to cancer development or progression.
A team of physicists and mathematicians has developed a statistical technique to simulate small-scale phenomena in computer simulations, allowing for more accurate predictions. The method, published in Physical Review Letters, can capture the influence of cloud formation and reduce uncertainty in climate models.
Research found that early institutional care was associated with lower DNA methylation at specific stress-related genes. This epigenetic modification can have long-lasting impacts on biological and behavioral processes.
A new study finds that delivering genetic test results to patients at risk for cancer-causing mutations over the phone reduces costs and access burdens. Patients who received phone counseling reported fewer barriers to accessing genetic counseling services than those who received in-person counseling.
Scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research have developed a new method to assess cancer treatment efficacy by measuring blood metabolite levels. This approach has the potential to speed up the development of targeted drugs and tailor treatment for patients, offering a quick and simple way to monitor cancer therapy.
Researchers found that both dose and infusion regimen are crucial to maximize response and safety for CAR T cells. Optimal doses and regimens showed high complete remission rates, with no treatment-related deaths in some cases.
Researchers at Kyoto University have identified a genetic mechanism that could predict effectiveness of cure for certain cancers. Genetic alterations affecting the PD-L1 protein allow cancer cells to escape immune detection, but these abnormalities were found in many common cancer types.
A new study presented at the European Obesity Summit found that a procedure-free gastric balloon, called Elipse, is safe and leads to similar weight loss as other balloon procedures. The device, swallowed and excreted over 4 months, resulted in significant weight loss, improvements in blood sugar control, and quality of life.
Researchers develop hydrogel-based platform to mimic human vocal fold tissue, enabling study of development and disease. The model will facilitate testing of new treatment options for voice disorders, a common condition affecting millions of Americans.
Researchers at the University of Sussex found that a circuit comprising just two neurons in a snail's brain drives complex decision making. The system enables energy-efficient behavior by reducing brain activity when food is not found.
Researchers found that patients who used metformin before diagnosis had a higher risk of death, while those who started using it after diagnosis were more likely to survive. Metformin also showed promise as a treatment for endometrial hyperplasia, with 56% of patients responding to treatment.
HTLV-1, a retrovirus that co-exists with humans, infects 30 million people worldwide. Persistent infection is attributed to CTCF, which controls viral DNA integration into human DNA. This discovery may lead to new prevention and treatment strategies for refractory leukemia.
The Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Kent State University, and Cleveland Metroparks have partnered to develop a new learning app called ParkApps. The app features interactive resources and games that promote informal science learning and engagement with the environment.
A recent Science perspective piece explores the tension between urban areas and human connection to nature. Research shows that reduced access to nature contributes to mental illnesses and mood disorders in city dwellers, highlighting the need for thoughtful urban design to incorporate natural elements.
Researchers at the University of Eastern Finland developed a novel method to add liquid by-products to wood-plastic composites, enhancing their properties. The study also employed PTR-MS to measure volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from WPCs, revealing improvements in water absorption and mechanical properties.
UK policymakers face constraints due to WTO rules, EU accords, and regional priorities when devising a new farm policy post-Brexit. Brexit could affect the EU's agricultural policy and agri-food issues remain a major concern.
Tropical Depression Bonnie experienced heavy rainfall from organized thunderstorms, measuring up to 4.9 inches per hour. The system weakened due to increased vertical shear and colder sea surface temperatures.
A recent study found that over one-in-four cancer patients struggle to afford medical care, leading to missed appointments and prescription delays. The researchers highlight the need for support programs to help patients navigate financial difficulties.
A new study found no connection between hospital safety culture survey scores and actual improvement in patient infection rates. Despite efforts to improve safety culture, many hospitals reported minor changes in survey scores despite significant reductions in infections.
Researchers at MIT have developed a technique to integrate both analogue and digital computation in living cells, enabling gene circuits capable of carrying out complex processing operations. The synthetic circuits can measure the level of an analogue input and decide whether it's within the right range to turn on an output.
Researchers at UMMS found that the protein IFITM3 blocks Zika virus replication and prevents cell death, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for preventing or stopping infection. Boosting IFITM3 levels may be useful in inhibiting Zika virus and other emerging viral infections.
Researchers at University of Delaware develop new biomaterials platform to stimulate growth factor expression and enhance chronic wound repair. The approach aims to provide a more efficient and localized production of growth factors, promoting full wound closure.
A new study from the University of Waterloo found that wisdom levels fluctuate based on situations and social factors. Researchers suggest that certain situations promote wisdom in daily life, challenging the idea that wisdom is rare.
Researchers found that adding metformin to a chemotherapy and radiation treatment regimen for head and neck cancer patients showed improved outcomes, including better overall survival, compared to those not on metformin. However, faster escalation of metformin was poorly tolerated due to nausea, vomiting, and other side effects.