Ocean currents intensifying will cause warmer and stormier weather along eastern coasts of South Africa, Asia, Australasia, and South America over the next 100 years. A new study suggests capping global warming at 2 degrees Celsius would require net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2085.
Scientists studied how cancer cells divide in capillaries using transparent nanofilms. Cell structures changed significantly, with membrane blebbing helping keep genetic material stable for healthy cell division.
Joanna Kreitinger, a University of Montana graduate student, has been awarded a prestigious immunology fellowship to study immune cell development and contribute to understanding lung diseases. Under Professor David Shepherd's leadership, her research aims to develop new drugs to treat diseases of the immune system.
The statement highlights the benefits of physical activity on children's brain development, intellectual performance, and academic success. It also emphasizes the importance of regular exercise for improved heart health, self-esteem, and social inclusion.
A new clinical trial shows that modulating brain plasticity can partially restore vision in patients with glaucoma and optic nerve damage after 10 days of noninvasive stimulation. The treatment improved visual acuity, reading, mobility, and orientation, with benefits stable two months later.
A Rice University lab developed a predictive model to treat leukemia patients, using a unique set of patient data. The top-performing models were able to predict patient response to therapy with an accuracy of close to 80 percent.
A new video has been found to help patients with advanced heart failure choose comfort care over more aggressive treatments. Patients who watched the video were more likely to opt for comfort care and had a better understanding of their treatment options.
New research detects Zika virus in brain and placental tissue of deceased babies and spontaneously aborted foetuses, providing early insight into the effect of Zika virus infection on foetuses. The study highlights a potential link between Zika virus infection during the first trimester of pregnancy and severe birth defects.
Research has discovered a link between high levels of calpain and improved survival rates in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The study found that patients with higher calpain levels had better outcomes, suggesting the protein may be a key target for improving patient outcomes.
A recent study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery found that plastic surgeons gave high ratings to Google Glass for comfort and overall satisfaction, with average scores of nearly four out of five for photo and video quality. However, some limitations were noted, including difficulties with capturing images during surgery.
Research found that female bonobos' unreliable sexual swellings make it difficult for males to time their mating efforts accurately. This may reduce aggressive mate competition and result in bonobo societies being more peaceful. The study advances understanding of the evolution of sexual signaling in our closest relatives.
A new description of electron scattering in surface layers enables faster materials analysis and better understanding of sample properties. The theoretical tools used in spectroscopies can exhibit great 'malice', but a new analytical method simplifies calculations of the Chandrasekhar function, reducing errors.
Researchers at University of Birmingham develop test to predict sepsis in burn victims using biomarkers of neutrophil function. The test shows promise in identifying patients at risk of developing sepsis, a life-threatening condition that can be fatal if left untreated.
A new analysis published in Nature finds that country pledges under the Paris Agreement would lead to a global temperature rise of 2.6-3.1°C by 2100, exceeding the 2°C limit. The study suggests that additional measures are necessary after 2030 to limit warming to 2°C or even 1.5°C.
Astronomers have observed the early formation of galaxies and found that stars were forming inside them much faster in the past. The rapid star birth is using up more cosmic dust, which is becoming cleaner as the universe evolves.
Researchers have demonstrated that retinal cells carry out key processing tasks, paving the way for improved retinal implants and potentially restoring vision to those with macular degeneration. This breakthrough could significantly improve artificial retinas and enhance the sight of thousands affected by age-related macular degeneration.
A study found that zinc carnosine can improve gut health and prevent leaky gut in athletes. The supplement, taken alone or with bovine colostrum, may help prevent heat stroke and other symptoms in active individuals.
A study by University of East Anglia researchers found that northern wren populations are more resilient to harsh winter weather due to local adaptation. The team discovered a correlation between regional climate and population resilience, with larger body mass observed in colder regions.
Researchers found significant magma movement under Mount St Helens before 1980 eruption, indicating destabilization of magma system and possible future eruptions. Similar measurements may indicate risk at other well-studied volcanoes like Uturuncu in Bolivia.
Researchers found that more than 1.2 million acres of U.S. federal and tribal wildlands were sprayed with about 200 tons of herbicide in 2010, equivalent to 930,630 football fields. Glyphosate was the most commonly used active ingredient, posing a higher risk to native plants.
Researchers at Hiroshima University identified a genetic mutation in K1801 that could ruin high-quality sake brewing, threatening consistent production with stable quality. A genetically engineered version of the yeast with normal growth but high ethyl caproate production was also created.
Researchers have discovered that ring-shaped topological insulators display characteristics similar to those in spherical materials. The study reveals a zero-energy state on the surface of ring-shaped insulators and a coupling between charge carriers and curvature, leading to gauge fields and unique electron spin behavior.
A large placebo-controlled study found that testosterone therapy significantly improved sexual interest and function in older men with low libido and low testosterone levels. The study, the largest of its kind, showed consistent improvement in most types of sexual activity among those who received testosterone therapy.
Researchers from AWI deploy ocean bottom seismometers to record earthquakes on Southwest Indian Ridge, revealing unique insights into ocean floor formation. Water circulation up to 15km deep leads to aseismic areas with soft soap-like rock that moves without jerking.
A recent study analyzed data from 25 previous studies to identify factors influencing ammonia emissions in dairy barns. Researchers found that reducing crude protein in a dairy cow's diet can significantly lower nitrogen excretion, resulting in reduced ammonia emissions. The study provides key information for farmers and farm advisers ...
A study at Mount Sinai Hospital found that brain reward circuits, specifically the basal forebrain and lateral habenula, mediate motivation to engage in or avoid bullying. The research used a mouse model to demonstrate that activating this circuit makes bullying behavior pleasurable for some individuals.
Climate change is altering the UK's wildlife calendar, with plants and animals responding differently to temperature changes throughout the year. By 2050, primary consumers are forecasted to shift their seasonal timing by more than twice as much as other species, potentially disrupting relationships between plants and animals.
A research team led by Likun Zhu at Indiana University aims to overcome challenges with alloy-type anode materials that swell and fracture during charging and discharging. By adding selenium to these materials, they hope to develop commercially affordable high-performance anodes for better batteries.
Researchers found that measuring specific microRNAs in blood can improve risk prediction for myocardial infarction by 15-20% compared to traditional risk factors alone. The study, published in Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, identified five key microRNAs that can help identify individuals at high risk for heart disease.
Army ants create underground bivouacs that maintain a consistent temperature 13 degrees F warmer than surface temperatures. This allows the colony to stay mobile and raise their young offspring, which is critical for their survival at high elevations.
A study published by the American Heart Association found that about one in every nine men will experience sudden cardiac death, most before age 70. The study also revealed that sudden cardiac death claims up to 450,000 American lives each year, with no prior symptoms of cardiovascular disease being a common cause.
A recent study has identified over 200 proteins involved in cell movement and immune system function that are implicated in ovarian cancer progression. By analyzing the proteomes of 169 ovarian cancer patients, researchers have gained new insights into the biology of the disease and potential targets for treatment.
Researchers predict that the Hudson River's wetlands will increase in area due to upland migration of existing marshes. This is despite concerns about infrastructure and population near the river, as the wetlands provide habitat for fish and wildlife and buffer against storms.
The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture has been awarded a $10,000 sponsorship to implement a Summer Camp STEM Experience during Junior 4-H camp in Columbia, Crossville, and Greeneville. The program aims to spark youth interest in STEM education through hands-on activities, including zip-lining, wildlife ecology, and archery.
A new study found that both limited and excess sleep may raise diabetes risk in men, with those sleeping too much or too little having impaired glucose metabolism. In contrast, women who slept less or more than average were more responsive to insulin and had enhanced beta-cell function.
A new study reveals that changes in Antarctic coastal polynyas are driven by variations in surrounding ice, including ice shelves and glaciers. Sea ice production decreases during major events like ice shelf collapse and increases when off-shore first-year ice is reduced.
The 1976 Ebola outbreak highlighted the importance of rapid clinical recognition, international notification, and specimen provision. Researchers recommend strengthened preparation, detection, response, control mechanisms, and international cooperation to manage future outbreaks promptly.
Patients with asthma who use illicit drugs and have low socioeconomic status are at higher risk of requiring intensive care. Not adhering to prescribed asthma medication also increases this risk.
Researchers developed an in vitro model system for NAFLD using human pluripotent stem cell-derived immature hepatocyte-like cells. The study replicated key steps of the disease, including lipid storage and PPARalpha regulation.
Researchers found that combining procedural checklists with error-tracking systems enhances resident performance. Evaluating residents on cadavers helps them identify areas for improvement, while an objective evaluation system provides unambiguous feedback.
A Concordia professor has received funding to unearth lesser-known Canadian tales in time for Canada Day 2017. The Lost Stories project collects and documents stories about neglected Canadians, creating public art and short films to share their histories.
Researchers at University of Wollongong have discovered physical evidence of fire use by modern humans at Liang Bua site on Flores Island, narrowing the time gap between hobbit species and modern human arrival. The findings suggest that modern humans likely arrived in Southeast Asia and Australia around 50,000 years ago.
A five-year study found that men and women in engineering programs experience different expectations and outcomes, with women expecting negative experiences and this deterring them from staying. The research aims to develop methods to retain vulnerable populations in the engineering pipeline and provide evidence-based interventions.
A new study found that UK diving beetle populations have shifted their ranges over the past three decades due to female choosiness, leading to the evolution of rough body surfaces in males. In some cases, 'rough' and 'smooth' females co-exist within the same species, with different geographical ranges. This shift is likely driven by th...
Researchers discovered that Mercury's surface was formed by melting at high pressures near the core-mantle boundary. The study suggests that the unique sulfur content and pressure-temperature conditions explain the heterogeneous surface composition.
Researchers at RIT create a faster and more accurate way to assess gravitational wave signals, inferring the sources that made them. They use numerical simulations of binary black holes to extract information directly from the data, improving accuracy over previous approximations.
Genetically modified tobacco plants lacking jasmonates are more susceptible to insect and vertebrate attacks, with a significant impact on reproductive ability. Rabbits prefer to feed on these plants, peeling the stems and reducing flower production, highlighting the importance of nicotine in plant defense.
In a 24-week study, aerobic exercise training improved cardiopulmonary functional capacity and reduced waist circumference in postmenopausal women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Exercise also increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but did not significantly affect body composition or glycemic profiles.
A recent climate study found a significant correlation between human activity and enhanced vegetation growth in the Northern Hemisphere. The research, led by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, used advanced statistical methods to detect the human 'fingerprint' behind this phenomenon.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that target and deliver chemotherapy drugs to metastatic cancer tumors using radiation guidance. The approach exploits overexpression of P-selectin molecules in human cancers, allowing for selective tumor penetration.
Patients with melanoma and their partners can help detect early signs of a second primary melanoma with skin self-examination. A clinical trial found that trained partners identified 43 new melanomas, compared to none in the control group.
Johns Hopkins researchers discovered a root cause of lung damage in up to 10% of premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis, a disorder that damages the intestine. A potential treatment, a sugar-like compound similar to breast milk, was successfully tested in mice and may one day be offered to human infants.
A team of scientists at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute has designed a new camera tag to track white sharks' behavior and habitat. The tag, called the 'Café Cam,' can capture video footage of the sharks for up to nine months, providing unprecedented insights into their lives.
A Kaiser Permanente study found national heart disease and stroke mortality rates slowing down since 2011, with some experts attributing the decline to increases in obesity and diabetes, which may be driving a recent slowdown.
Women with a history of severe cervical intraepithelial neoplasia have an increased risk of developing anal, vulvar, and vaginal cancer, according to a recent study. The study found that women with CIN3 were 4.2 times more likely to develop anal cancer, four times more likely to develop vulvar cancer, and 17 times more likely to develo...
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have discovered a genetic link between an immune system gene and an increased risk of kidney disease, specifically IgA nephropathy. The study found that variations in the number of copies of the alpha-defensin genes were strongly correlated with the condition.
A new Colombian tarantula species has been discovered, featuring extraordinary defensive hairs that challenge traditional attack methods. The species, Kankuamo marquezi, is named after Gabriel Garcia Marquez and honors an indigenous people from the Caribbean coast.
A simple 7-item screening tool has been developed to identify patients at risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The tool uses predictive factors such as gender, age, smoking history, and breathlessness to assess COPD risk in primary care settings.
Research by Cornell University finds that high school training for blue-collar jobs penalizes women in the labor market, reducing their odds of enrolling in college and earning comparable wages. Men in these communities benefit from vocational courses and higher rates of employment, but women face significant disparities.
A team of surgeons at NYU Langone Medical Center successfully performed the most extensive clinical face transplant to date on a firefighter with severe burns. The procedure, which took 26 hours and involved 100 physicians and staff, included transplantation of skeletal subunits, eyelids, ears, scalp skin, and skeletal subunit transpla...