Researchers have developed a nanocavity that increases the amount of light absorbed by ultrathin semiconducting materials, enabling more efficient electronic devices. The technology has potential applications in creating flexible solar panels and faster photodetectors.
Mayo Clinic's OB Nest study found that patient satisfaction improved with fewer office visits, empowering expectant women to take control of their care. The program provided personalized nursing care and home monitoring equipment, resulting in reduced patient burden and healthcare provider resources.
A randomized control trial found that incorporating omega-3 supplements into the diets of children with extreme aggression can reduce this behavior in the short term, especially its impulsive and emotional form. The study also explored the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as a complementary treatment.
A study by Dr. Joel Ray found a 7.8 times higher risk of ambulance calls for trauma in areas with high-density bars and restaurants. EMS calls for assaults peak at 2 a.m. when alcohol sales stop, nearly tripling at the end of the month.
Researchers have discovered stone tools and faunal remains at the Page-Ladson site in Florida that date back around 14,550 years, challenging the long-held timeline for human settlement in the region. The findings provide strong evidence that humans and megafauna coexisted for at least 2,000 years.
A new study by the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that at least 85% of intrauterine devices (IUDs) placed immediately after delivery remain in place six weeks later. This is promising news for reducing unintended pregnancies and associated maternal and infant outcomes.
Researchers are investigating the protein HuR and its role in cardiovascular disease, with a goal of translating this research to improve human health. By deleting HuR in animal models, they found that mice lacking the protein were protected from hypertrophy and heart failure.
Scientists at Tohoku University found that discharge plasma increases calcium ion influx through TRP channels, triggering cell activities like gene transfection and wound healing. This breakthrough may contribute to developing more efficient plasma medicine treatments.
A study by the University of Connecticut team reveals that natural forest regrowth can store significant amounts of carbon, doubling in young second-growth forests and increasing by 120% in intermediate age forests. This approach offers a low-cost alternative to tree planting for reaching carbon mitigation targets.
Researchers have found that a specific blood marker is common among patients with a subset of metastatic colorectal cancer, increasing their chances of responding to the drug. This breakthrough builds on an international clinical trial and could lead to more effective treatment options for patients running out of time.
A Florida archaeological site has provided new insights into the settlement of the Americas, revealing human presence in the southeastern United States up to 1,500 years earlier than previously thought. The site, dated to 14,550 years ago, includes stone tools and mastodon bones, providing a window into the lives of early inhabitants.
Research suggests that melanomas from the South Island of New Zealand are more likely to carry gene mutations affecting treatment outcomes. The study found significantly higher rates of NRAS mutations in South Island patients compared to those from the North Island, with implications for targeted drug therapies and patient outcomes.
Researchers at IST Austria identified a new learning rule that strengthens connections between neurons in the CA3 region of the hippocampus, even when neurons fire in reverse order. This discovery may explain robust learning and storage of spatial information in the brain.
The Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory will participate in a new National Microbiome Initiative to advance understanding of microbiome behavior and protect healthy microbiomes. The initiative aims to investigate fundamental principles governing microbiomes across ecosystems and develop new tools to study them.
Researchers at ANU found that New Zealand possums prefer leaves with high available protein content to eat, which can help limit their impact on native forests. This knowledge could inform targeted control programs to manage the possum population and protect sensitive tree species.
A new study published in Management International Review finds that nationality is not a good proxy for work-related cultural values. The researchers analyzed data from 558 studies on work-related values and found that approximately 80% of variation in these values was within countries, not between them.
A new blood marker, FCGR2A, identifies patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who will benefit from the drug cetuximab. The discovery helps personalize cancer medicine for those with colorectal disease, improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers investigate how expectations influence pain perception, with results showing men's pain tolerance altered by sex-based expectations. The study highlights the importance of considering non-explicit expectation processes in psychology and therapy.
A new cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging technique removes the need for patients to breathe, allowing for higher quality images in less time. The lack of motion enables physicians to accurately plan radiation therapy fields, leading to improved patient outcomes.
Researchers at SISSA have developed a gene therapy approach targeting glioblastomas by introducing an active version of the Emx2 gene, which inhibits astrocyte growth and leads to tumour cell suicide. The treatment has demonstrated efficacy in both vitro and in vivo tests, with potential for preventing aggressive recurrence development.
Research suggests that prenatal stress can lead to epigenetic adaptations in newborns, activating the oxytocin receptor gene and facilitating social behavior. This mechanism could indicate that babies develop more resilience to cope with future adversities.
A pioneering study reveals how long-distance movements in ancient camel caravan routes shaped the species' genetic diversity. The research combined genetic information from 1,083 living dromedaries with ancient DNA sequences to create an historic genetic picture of the species.
A new measure called the nociception (pain) level index allows physicians to more accurately evaluate responses to painful stimulation in patients under general anesthesia. This improved monitoring can lead to better anesthesia management, less pain upon regaining consciousness, and enhanced postoperative outcomes.
A study published in Science reveals that rapid eye movement (REM) sleep plays a crucial role in memory consolidation in mice. The research found that silencing neurons during REM sleep impaired spatial memory formation, suggesting a causal link between REM sleep and memory impairments observed in Alzheimer's disease.
The 'Catch It' app uses CBT principles to help users understand their moods through a diary. Users report statistically significant reductions in negative mood intensity and increases in positive mood intensity.
Researchers have found a major carbon dioxide reservoir at depths of 2000-4300 meters in the South Pacific. The study suggests that during the last ice age, a sea ice cover on the Antarctic Ocean closed oceanic ventilation windows, leading to slowed deep water circulation and increased storage of old carbon dioxide.
A team of physicists at LMU Munich has used laser pulses to selectively remove and reattach hydrogen atoms from a hydrocarbon molecule, opening up new possibilities for chemical synthesis. This technique could lead to the creation of new substances by controlling individual steps in chemical reactions.
Researchers at the University of Washington have discovered a way to harness light energy by exploiting quantum-level interactions in graphene. By aligning graphene with boron-nitride, they created a superlattice that enables efficient optoelectronics, allowing one photon to transfer its energy to multiple electrons.
A study of over 300 Iraq and Afghanistan veterans found that nearly 50% met the criteria for mild to moderate CMI, with common symptoms including fatigue, joint pain, and difficulty remembering. The study suggests a link between deployment and CMI, but notes limitations in the research and recommends further investigation.
Researchers at the Swiss Nanoscience Institute and University of Basel measured van der Waals forces between individual atoms for the first time. The forces varied according to distance, with some cases showing values several times larger than calculated.
Researchers found resveratrol supplements can help counteract the negative effects of a high fat/high sugar diet on hind leg muscles. The study, published in Frontiers in Physiology, showed that resveratrol supplementation helped maintain muscle function and fatigue resistance.
Researchers will identify and overcome barriers to using biomass from fuels-reduction and forest-restoration treatments. The goal is to sustainably use forest-based feedstocks to offset fossil fuels, improving environmental sustainability and human health while minimizing costs.
Researchers at Imperial College London have created a computer simulation of gene expression interactions, revealing the sequence of events that lead to genes being switched on. This breakthrough could lead to the design of molecules that interfere with or disrupt the process, potentially tackling diseases.
A team of researchers found that rapidly proliferating yeast cells can exert forces of up to 150 psi, equivalent to nearly five times atmospheric pressure. This jamming phenomenon may contribute to microbial pathogenesis and biofouling, with potential consequences for environmental systems.
A study by Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Swedish-US partners found that demographic development has a significant impact on wildfires, with population growth reducing fire frequency. However, this does not mean the risk of fires will decrease, as growing population density in fire-susceptible regions increases the risk.
Researchers developed bioengineered blood vessels that appear safe and functional after implantation in dialysis patients. The vessels showed no signs of rejection and maintained their mechanical integrity, with a 90% durability rate compared to traditional synthetic grafts.
Research shows that girls from countries with high levels of gender equality perform better in math, with an increase of 7.47 points relative to boys. The study found a significant positive correlation between the Gender Gap Index and math scores, suggesting that values on women's role in society play a crucial role.
Researchers found that methane release from the ocean floor followed ice sheet retreats, but the process occurred over a prolonged period. The study used radiometric dating to determine the timing of the releases, which were too slow to impact atmospheric methane concentrations.
A study by researchers from the University of Exeter found that marine turtle trade continues despite conservation efforts, with a shift towards commercial harvesting in certain islands. The study suggests refining conservation interventions and focusing on suppliers and consumers for more robust solutions.
Researchers have identified unique genetic markers that indicate higher stress tolerance in corals, enabling the development of novel reef restoration strategies. These markers can be used to create fine-scale distribution maps and guide selective breeding programs for more resilient corals.
The 2016 NIH Addiction Science Awards recognized projects that investigated the relationship between stress, sleep, emotion, and cognition in adolescents. Kashfia Rahman won first place with her project on negative attitudes about stress impacting key factors influencing addiction vulnerability.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death in the US, yet patients often face out-of-pocket costs and inadequate care. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine report highlights these challenges, including high medication costs and variable insurance coverage.
Researchers are exploring genetically modified pigs as a valuable alternative to rodent models for cancer research, leveraging precision-genetics and genetic similarities between swine and humans. This approach could lead to more accurate modeling of the disease and identification of effective treatments.
Berroqueña stone, traditionally used in Madrid's monuments such as El Escorial and Puerta de Alcalá, is proposed for Global Heritage Stone Province status. This recognition would promote trade and employment in rural areas of the Sierra de Guadarrama mountains.
Researchers at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have created compact holograms using nanostructures sensitive to light polarization, improving anti-fraud holograms and wearable optics. These holograms can encode multiple images and protect against counterfeiting.
Researchers found a remarkable proton-conducting material in the jelly of sharks' unique electrosensory organs, with conductivity only 40 times lower than Nafion. The discovery may contribute to future studies on shark sensing and unconventional sensor technology.
A new UCR study examines how consumers' beliefs about karma influence their responses to charitable appeals in advertising. People with karmic beliefs respond more favorably to donating time but are discouraged if the motivation is perceived as selfish.
The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has captured a striking image of the spiral galaxy NGC 6814, showcasing its luminous nucleus and sweeping arms. The galaxy's extremely bright center is believed to host a supermassive black hole with a mass about 18 million times that of the sun.
Babies born with transposition of the great arteries have a surgical procedure, called the arterial switch operation, to correct the defect. Research found that adolescents whose coronary arteries were reimplanted in the 12 o'clock position are more prone to perfusion defects and potential complications.
Researchers found that myocardial fibrosis in obstructive sleep apnea patients is associated with increased risk of heart failure hospitalization and death. The study suggests that quantifying myocardial fibrosis could help identify patients at higher risk, paving the way for a personalized approach to treating cardiovascular disease.
The gluten-free diet is not supported by scientific evidence for healthy children without CD or wheat allergy. It can lead to nutritional deficiencies and quality of life issues, posing more risk than benefit.
A new experimental and clinical study from Lund University shows that the sleep hormone melatonin impairs insulin secretion in people with a specific gene variant. The researchers found that carriers of this gene have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, with impaired insulin secretion and increased glucose levels in their blood.
A study reveals that text messaging is an effective way to monitor postpartum women for life-threatening complications of preeclampsia. The remote blood pressure monitoring system allowed physicians to identify advanced cases and intervene before hospital readmission was necessary.
Research suggests that protecting natural forest regrowth in secondary tropical forests can significantly reduce carbon emissions. These young and middle-aged forests have the potential to capture equivalent amounts of carbon as Latin America and the Caribbean between 1993 and 2014. If left alone for 40 years, they could play a substan...
Scientists at Penn State University have developed a new high-pressure technique to create large-area thin-film silicon semiconductors at low temperatures in simple reactors. This approach could make large, flexible semiconductors more feasible for applications like flat-panel monitors and solar cells.
Research at SISSA reveals Botox-based aesthetic procedures can impair emotional processing, particularly in subtle situations. The study confirms the importance of embodied cognition in understanding emotions and highlights a potential risk for those undergoing these treatments.
Red knots migrate to tropical regions, where smaller size and shorter bills impede survival. Climate change disrupts the insect peak, leading to malnutrition and population decline.
A new database has been developed to connect environmental exposures to human health effects and compare diseases. The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) manually curates data from scientific literature on how environmental chemicals interact with genes to affect human health.
Researchers at MIT and partners developed a tiny origami robot that can unfold from a swallowed capsule and remove stuck objects or patch wounds. The robot uses external magnetic fields to navigate and is made of biocompatible materials, enabling potential medical applications.
A recent study reveals that obesity is on the rise in Indonesia, exacerbated by a 'double burden of malnutrition' affecting children. Children stunted due to undernutrition are more likely to become overweight, posing serious health risks.