Highly drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are on the rise among US children, with increasing antibiotic resistance rates reported over the last decade. The study highlights the need for better tracking and prevention strategies to address these concerning infections.
Women who are overweight or obese are less likely to use hormonal birth control methods, opting for long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) like IUDs and implants instead. This preference is driven by fear of weight gain associated with the pill and shot, despite LARCs not containing estrogen.
Researchers sequenced the genome of a 5,310-year-old corn cob and found it was genetically more similar to modern maize than its wild ancestor. The study provides insights into the early stages of maize domestication and its dispersal across the Americas.
Research from Oregon State University finds that strong curiosity traits are linked to better creative performance, with diversive curiosity showing the most significant impact. Employees with stronger curiosity can develop more ideas and spend more time on early-stage problem-solving.
Researchers have designed a model network of marine reserves to protect spiny lobsters and increase fishing yields in Honduras. The study resolves the 'conserve or catch' conflict by showing that it's possible to balance conservation and economic goals.
Researchers identified a protein called kinase p38γ that assists protective phosphorylation of tau and interferes with amyloid-beta toxicity. Introducing the protein into mice brains prevented memory deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that starving gut microbes of natural fiber leads to erosion of the mucus layer, making them vulnerable to infection. A high-fiber diet helps maintain a healthy mucus barrier, protecting against invasive bacteria.
BMC's Comprehensive Epilepsy Center will lead a program that aims to reach 1,000 children and youth with epilepsy through advanced telemedicine applications. The 'Telehealth Epilepsy Care Collaborative' seeks to identify signs of seizures in infants, children, and adolescents.
Researchers identified preoperative abnormalities of two temporal lobe white matter tracts that are not included in standardised temporal lobe surgery in patients who had postoperative seizures. These findings suggest new insights into predicting postoperative seizure outcome using preoperative imaging technology.
A new study by Temple researchers shows that the BAG3 protein helps protect the heart from damage caused by reperfusion injury. By increasing BAG3 expression, cells can clear out damaged components and prevent cell death pathways.
A team of researchers from the University of Oregon has discovered microfossils in Australian rocks that suggest life in soils may have existed on Earth over 3,000 million years ago. The findings indicate that ancient ecosystems thrived in terrestrial environments, challenging traditional views of early life on Earth.
Research links kidney damage to impaired cognitive function, including memory and attention, as well as structural brain changes. Higher albumin in urine, indicative of poor kidney function, was associated with worse cognitive performance.
Scientists have detected the brightest FRB to date, providing a new understanding of the diffuse intergalactic material and its turbulence. By studying this phenomenon, researchers can gain insights into the production of cosmic magnetic fields.
Researchers analyzed brain activity in people with musical anhedonia, finding reduced activity in the nucleus accumbens. This suggests a link between music processing and reward system, highlighting its evolutionary importance.
A study reveals that neurons in the human eye work together to correct errors and improve visual signal accuracy. The research used a mathematical model to analyze retinal ganglion cell activity and found that collective signals are more reliable than individual cell signals.
A 5,310-year-old maize cob genome provides new insights into the early stages of maize domestication, showing key genes affected by human selection. The ancient sample is genetically intermediate between teosinte and modern maize.
The need for a bridging regulatory mechanism is highlighted in e-cigarette innovations; reducing the burden on regulators while maintaining product development. A reduced data set for initial products and focused tests for variants can support this process.
The BLUEPRINT project has discovered how variation in blood cell characteristics and numbers affects the risk of complex diseases such as heart disease and autoimmune diseases. Genetic differences affecting some characteristics are linked to increased risk of heart attack, rheumatoid arthritis, and other common autoimmune diseases.
Scientists studying the Chicxulub crater have shown how large asteroid impacts deform rocks in a way that may produce habitats for early life. The research suggests that asteroid impacts could have created niches for life on Earth.
Researchers developed a method to alter plant enzymes, producing new natural compounds with disease-resistance properties and potentially useful as anti-foaming agents or natural sweeteners. This breakthrough could revolutionize the production of complex compounds in the lab.
A recent study by Michigan State University researchers suggests that rising income inequality is the primary driver of satisfaction with democracy, not who wins elections. The study found a widening gap in satisfaction between electoral winners and losers as income inequality increases.
A new RAND Corporation study finds that individuals with high health insurance literacy are more likely to gain coverage after the Affordable Care Act exchanges opened. The study, which surveyed over 2,700 adults, found a significant association between financial literacy and health insurance status.
Researchers discovered that hepatitis C virus induces liver cells to produce microRNAs that inhibit interferon production, blunting the body's antiviral defenses. This finding helps explain why interferon treatments fail in many patients, increasing the risk of liver cancer and treatment resistance.
Scientific cooperation on environmental pollution played a key role in easing Cold War tensions in the 1970s. Norway's lead on acid rain monitoring led to limited technological cooperation with the Eastern Bloc, paving the way for political relationships at the United Nations.
A study by Duke University found that North Carolina's Smart Start and More at Four programs had long-lasting positive effects on children's educational outcomes. The programs improved test scores, reduced grade retention, and decreased the odds of special education placements through fifth grade.
Researchers assess documentation of advance care planning preferences in Indiana nursing homes, finding that a majority of residents have orders for CPR. The study aims to identify ways to improve practice and ensure time is taken to discuss and record preferences, increasing the likelihood that treatment wishes will be honored.
Scientists detected a brief but brilliant burst of radiation that provided new information about the cosmic web, a swirling gas and magnetic field between galaxies. The event allowed researchers to reconstruct the travel path of the signal to a precise line of sight, offering clues about the Universe's vast spaces.
A team of scientists at Brown University has made key discoveries about the body's natural immune response to fungal infections. They found that specific receptors on white blood cells signal the cells to take action against the fungus, and manipulating these receptors may help develop new therapies to combat growing drug resistance.
Researchers have developed a formula to understand where quantum objects land when transmitted, offering insights for controlling open quantum systems. The formula suggests that 'rain gutters' and 'gates' can be engineered to manipulate quantum objects, either after they land or during their flow.
A new index called Lung-moIGPA has been developed to estimate survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and brain metastases. The updated Lung-moIGPA incorporates genetic and molecular data, including EGFR and ALK gene mutations, and predicts an overall median survival of 12 months.
Researchers developed a novel urine test to predict high-risk cervical cancer with 90.9% accuracy using genetic markers from HPV and human cells. The test shows promise as a cost-effective alternative to existing methods, which may be unnecessary in up to 50% of cases.
A national five-year clinical trial will evaluate new treatment protocols for herpes zoster ophthalmicus, a form of shingles affecting the eye. The trial aims to reduce complications and preserve vision with longer-term suppressive antiviral medication.
Rice chemist Christy Landes and her team have created a new microscopy technique called super temporal resolution microscopy (STReM), which captures images of molecules at a frame rate 20 times faster than typical lab cameras. This enhancement allows researchers to study fast processes without needing more expensive cameras, extracting...
The SciPhi-XVI supercomputer, delivered to Jefferson Lab in mid-August, has been ranked as one of the world's fastest supercomputers, achieving 425.8 Teraflops with its 264 nodes. The cluster is powered by Intel Xeon Phi chips and will be used for LQCD calculations and analyzing experimental physics data.
A new type of photoreceptor, LITE-1, has been discovered that is 50 times more efficient at capturing light than the rhodopsin in the human eye. This receptor protein was found among a family of taste receptors in invertebrates and has unusual characteristics suggesting potential future applications.
A team of scientists found that corals in the genus Orbicella have high genetic diversity, allowing them to adapt to environmental changes. This discovery predicts their potential survival under future climate change, making them a key species for conservation efforts.
Research reveals that childhood brain tumors originating from undifferentiated stem cells are more frequent and aggressive than those from oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Tumor cells from stem cells also show increased susceptibility to cancer drugs, according to a new study published in Cancer Research.
Biochemists from Trinity College Dublin have discovered indolepyruvate, a metabolic by-product of trypanosome activity, which may offer possibilities for developing anti-trypanosome drugs. Inhibiting its production could be key in fighting the parasite, which causes sleeping sickness and kills millions in sub-Saharan Africa.
Researchers found that women who had their last pregnancy at 35 or older scored higher on verbal memory and executive function tests. The study suggests that hormonal changes during menopause can have a positive impact on cognitive function if they occur later in life.
A new study by researchers at University of California San Diego School found that women choosing to become first-time mothers later in life may increase their chances of living into their 90s. Women who had their first child at age 25 or older were more likely to live to age 90.
The updated guideline suggests that more breast cancer patients can benefit from accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI), including younger patients and those with low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The guideline provides direction for the use of intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) for early-stage breast cancer patients.
A recent study found that nearly half of kidney failure patients receiving dialysis had advance directives, but only a small minority specifically addressed dialysis management at the end of life. The simple presence or absence of an advance directive is not enough to fully address important aspects of dialysis patients' end-of-life care.
A new model examines how drug policy and criminal justice practices contribute to racial disparities in HIV rates. The tool highlights the disproportionate impact of drug-related arrests and sentencing on African American communities, affecting social marginalization, health care access, and intimate relationships.
According to a new study by Rice University experts, roughly 6 percentage points of Texas residents have gained health insurance coverage due to the Affordable Care Act, resulting in approximately 1 million Texans gaining coverage. However, despite these gains, 3 million Texans between ages 19 and 64 remain uninsured.
The USDA has awarded four grants totaling $1.2 million to support environmentally and economically sustainable aquaculture in the US. Researchers will focus on improving disease prevention, comparing profitability of different business models, and developing disease-resistant clam germlines.
Researchers discovered that bacteria can gauge population density through quorum sensing and boost their CRISPR-Cas immune systems in response, providing new insight into bacterial collective immunity. This ability enables bacteria to preemptively elevate their immunity when most at risk of a virus spreading.
A new program, Live Donor Champion, has been shown to increase knowledge of live donation and comfort approaching others about live donation. The program boosted live donor referrals, with a 5.5-fold increase in having at least one donor referral compared to matched controls on the waiting list.
Researchers found that estimating fitness can predict future risk of premature death from all causes, making it an easy and cost-effective tool for medical professionals. The study analyzed data from 38,480 men and women and found no need for complicated risk score algorithms.
Using swarms of sensor-equipped biobots and remote-control technology, researchers create detailed maps of unfamiliar environments. The mapping process involves releasing the biobots into a defined area, which are then stitched together to form a comprehensive map, useful for locating survivors after a disaster.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center identified a pathway by which cancer cells spread in the brain, opening up new possibilities for treatment. They found that the gene WNT5A enables glioma stem cells to transition into GdECs, leading to aggressive tumor growth and disease recurrence.
Researchers found that the 'song' attributed to the bushmaster was actually the call of large tree frogs living in hollow trunks. The discovery of two new frog species sheds light on the origins of this myth and highlights the importance of collaboration in scientific research.
Arecoline, an analog of nicotine, has been identified as an inhibitor of the enzyme ACAT1, which contributes to the Warburg effect in cancer cells. Researchers found that arecoline steers cells' metabolism away from glycolysis, inhibiting growth in human lung cancer and leukemia cells.
A recent study suggests that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol may not always protect against heart disease as previously thought. HDL can actually enhance the inflammatory response of immune cells called macrophages, which counteracts its established anti-inflammatory effect in other cell types.
Researchers successfully tested an optical clock in space, demonstrating its potential to improve GPS accuracy and enable global sensing applications. The compact frequency comb laser system operated smoothly under microgravity conditions, paving the way for future space-based precision clocks.
A recent study reveals that men's brains require additional energy and resources when switching between tasks, unlike women whose brains appear to consume less power. This finding highlights the difference in brain activity between genders when performing complex tasks.
A new study found that reducing sodium intake significantly reduced albuminuria and blood pressure in patients with chronic kidney disease. The combination of paricalcitol and a low sodium diet resulted in the lowest albuminuria levels in patients, indicating a strong reduction in kidney function decline and heart benefits.
Researchers found two snail species in Japan and Russia that use their shells to hit and knock over carabid beetles. This active defense strategy is unique and suggests the importance of predator-prey interactions in animal evolution.
Researchers at Penn Medicine have developed a fluorescent dye technique that makes tumors glow brightly during surgery, enabling surgeons to distinguish between healthy and cancerous tissue. The tool has shown promise in patients with brain cancer, demonstrating the ability to identify tumor margins and reduce recurrence rates.
Researchers found that intercropping Arabica coffee with macadamia tree HAES 816 improves environmental conditions and increases coffee production. The partnership reduces competition between crops and provides a source of income for farmers, making it a promising strategy for Brazilian coffee producers.
Scientists at the University of Michigan are studying protein degradation in pancreatic beta cells to better understand diabetes at the molecular level. They found that proinsulin misfolding can lead to diabetic disease and identified a way to stimulate the degradative pathway to restore normal insulin secretion.