Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed a dual gene therapy approach using CRISPR/Cas9 to deliver key components to treat hemophilia B. The study showed stable Factor IX activity in newborn and adult mice, with all treated mice surviving a partial liver removal without complications.
A new study predicts that global warming will drive the loss of at least 55 trillion kilograms of carbon from soils by mid-century, more than double projected human-related emissions. This loss is expected to be greatest in high latitudes, where cold conditions have allowed massive carbon stocks to build up over thousands of years.
Researchers have developed a simple and inexpensive method for stabilizing vaccines at room temperature using nanoparticles, polymers, or sugar. This approach could improve vaccine storage and distribution, especially in remote areas with limited refrigeration, reducing the cost of vaccination programs by nearly 80%.
A randomized clinical trial found that web-based cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) improved sleep outcomes in adults. The fully automated and interactive SHUTi intervention was more effective than access to a patient education website alone, with participants showing significant improvements in sleep duration and quality.
A team of UCLA astronomers observed a galaxy and found that stars are responsible for producing dust, a key component of rocky planets. The researchers focused on a galaxy with two young clusters of stars and constructed a map tracing the dust in the galaxy.
Scientists have created peptide probes that attach to proteins with comparable efficiency to antibodies, improving image resolution. These probes can help shed light on protein layout and quantification, opening new possibilities for neurobiological research.
Researchers at Kansas State University discovered that adding hand-washing reminders and meat thermometer instructions to published recipes increases usage by 85% and 60%, respectively. This simple approach can reduce foodborne illness and healthcare costs.
Scientists have developed new retroreflective materials inspired by insect compound eyes, offering improved color and effectiveness for safety measures. These new materials can be adjusted to change color and brightness, reducing fading over time.
A new study found that people aged 70 and older who continue to smoke are more than three times as likely to die as never-smokers. Quitting smoking at any age also reduces the risk of death after age 70, with former smokers less likely to die if they quit earlier.
Researchers have created a polymer patch that improves conduction of electrical impulses in damaged heart tissue, showing long-lasting stability and minimal invasiveness. The suture-less patch uses green laser technology to adhere to the heart tissue and has been shown to work in animal models.
A Cardiff University study found that regular aspirin use does not significantly increase the risk of fatal stomach bleeds. The research suggests that the benefits of aspirin in reducing heart disease and cancer deaths outweigh the risks.
Researchers from University of Liverpool are leading a multinational consortium to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV in developing countries. The DolPHIN-2 project uses a new drug Dolutegravir to rapidly reduce HIV levels, potentially preventing infant transmission and saving lives.
New research found that preschoolers (4-5 years old) use their past experience with language to infer what speakers are going to say, just like adults. They can incorporate their learned expectations into ambiguous speech descriptions, adapting to noisy conditions.
Starting testosterone treatment increases risk of serious blood clots, with the risk peaking within six months and declining gradually thereafter. Although the risks are temporary and low in absolute terms, researchers warn that investigating timing and duration of use may have masked conflicting findings.
A study published in JAMA Cardiology found that average total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-C levels among US adults have decreased over the past two decades. The decline, which began between 1999 and 2010, continued through 2013/2014, with significant drops in triglycerides and LDL-C levels.
Physicists at ANU have achieved ghost imaging with atoms, creating an image of the ANU logo without direct interaction. This breakthrough may lead to quality control methods for nanoscale manufacturing and could be a precursor to investigating quantum entanglement.
Research from University of Michigan found that herbicide-resistant morning glory populations self-fertilize more than susceptible ones. This adaptation helps perpetuate resistance genes and blocks the flow of susceptibility genes from other plants. The study highlights unintended consequences of human activities on wild plant species.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered that a diabetes drug can halt the production of glycoproteins that make up the protective mucus lining cells, allowing immune cells to target tumors. The study suggests that reducing mucin levels may be enough to breach the tumor's protective shield and allow for cancer cell destruction.
Researchers have made a breakthrough discovery on the formation and dissociation of pathogenic α-synuclein fibrils in Parkinson's disease, providing new insights into its progression. The study shows how high hydrostatic pressure breaks apart these toxic fibrils, shedding light on potential strategies for treating PD.
Researchers have created a virus-like delivery system that can transport custom cargo from one cell to another, using blueprints that instruct human cells to assemble the system. The system uses self-propelled nanocages that mimic how viruses transfer their infectious contents between cells.
A new study using CT scans of Lucy's bones reveals that she had heavily built upper limbs similar to chimpanzees, supporting the idea that she spent time climbing trees. The research suggests that Lucy may have nested in trees at night to avoid predators and spent one-third of her time above ground.
Researchers found that two new psychological treatments, alongside CBT, could reduce recurrence of depression in adolescents. The therapies showed sustained effects up to a year after treatment ended, with 50% reduction in symptoms.
A new study has found a possible link between the Zika virus and glaucoma in infants exposed to the virus during gestation. Researchers identified a three-month-old boy with symptoms of glaucoma caused by Zika exposure, leading to successful treatment via trabeculectomy.
A biomedical researcher created micro muscles to test muscle efficiency in lab conditions. The study aims to improve exercise performance for athletes and develop diets for people with mobility issues by understanding how nitrates and nitrites affect muscle function.
A new report by RAND Corporation finds that the US loses 1.2 million working days annually due to sleep deprivation, leading to significant economic losses. Increasing nightly sleep from under six hours to seven hours could add $226.4 billion to the economy.
Researchers have estimated that elkhorn coral genotypes in Florida and the Caribbean are up to 5,000 years old, making them potentially the longest-lived animals. This study uses a genetic approach to estimate coral ages, which may provide hope for their survival under climate change.
Researchers at FAU successfully control electron pulses using laser delays, exhibiting quantum path interference and opening doors for time-resolved electron microscopy. The discovery could lead to complex electron pulses in the future, revolutionizing surface coherence research.
The journal aims to provide cutting-edge reviews and tutorials on plasma physics, benefiting graduate students and young researchers. Published exclusively online by Springer, it will cover various fields of plasma physics, including natural and laboratory plasmas.
A national cohort study found that young cancer survivors (diagnosed before age 25) have a more than two-fold increased risk of suicide compared to their non-cancer peers. The study, led by Maria Winther Gunnes, analyzed data from over 1.2 million people born in Norway between 1965 and 1985.
A new study explores the usability of ecosystem services as a tool for urban planning, highlighting its compatibility with existing methods. Municipalities can benefit from collaboration with research to adopt state-of-the-art ES assessment methods prioritizing human needs over environmental impact assessments.
The study found significant changes in calcium, magnesium, and sulfate levels in the Yukon River over three decades, likely due to increased weathering and groundwater enrichment. These changes have cascading effects on Arctic Ocean currents and weather patterns worldwide.
Australopithecus afarensis fossils suggest Lucy's arms were used for tree movement, while her leg bones indicate a less efficient walking gait, limiting mobility on the ground. This study provides direct evidence that early human ancestors spent time in trees, potentially for millions of years.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide have developed an optical fiber probe that can distinguish breast cancer tissue from normal tissue. This technology has the potential to reduce unnecessary follow-up surgery for 15-20% of patients.
A new study of U.S. adolescents has found an association between metabolic syndrome and impairments in reading, attention, and working memory. The researchers found that treatment can control and reverse metabolic syndrome, which may help reduce cognitive effects.
Patients with Parkinson's disease exhibit significant cognitive deficits when experiencing a drop in blood pressure upon standing up, known as orthostatic hypotension. These deficits reverse when they lie down and their blood pressure returns to normal.
A study published in BMJ Open found that Tai Chi significantly improved the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans, including managing intrusive thoughts and physiological arousal. The program was well-received by participants, with nearly 94% reporting favorable impressions.
A study by TUM and 300 scientists found that intensified land use leads to a decrease in species diversity and a loss of unique plant communities on grasslands. Even moderate land use results in the homogenization of species, with only a few species remaining across regions.
A study published in Oncology Nursing Forum found that acupuncture improved recovery after mastectomy surgery by reducing pain, nausea, and anxiety. Patients who received acupuncture had a greater reduction in symptoms compared to those with traditional care.
Researchers from Brown University have demonstrated a method to put brakes on superconductivity by creating a random gauge field, disrupting the propagation of Cooper pairs and converting the material to an insulator.
Astronomers have characterized the smallest known asteroid using Earth-based telescopes: Asteroid 2015 TC25 measures just 2 meters (6 feet) in diameter. The tiny space rock is bright, reflecting about 60% of the sunlight that falls on it.
A recent randomized controlled trial found that high-dose baclofen added little to the effect of psychosocial treatment in patients with alcohol dependence. The study, involving 151 patients, showed no significant differences in relapse rates between groups receiving different doses of baclofen or placebo.
Some flavored e-liquids produce toxic compounds when heated, exceeding occupational safety standards. Flavored vapors contained significantly higher levels of aldehydes than unflavored ones.
The first licensed vaccine for the potentially life-threatening dengue virus is predicted to be most cost-effective and effective in reducing the burden of dengue disease in moderate-to-high impacted regions. Routine vaccination could reduce hospital rates by up to 25% in these areas.
Researchers discovered a new signal path in the RAS that influences immune cells, specifically phagocytes, which play a key role in MS development. The Mas receptor's influence on macrophages could provide an anti-inflammatory treatment option for chronic inflammatory diseases.
A study by geographers at Dartmouth College and the University of Sheffield maps out complex networks of economic systems, natural resources, and infrastructure in US megaregions. The analysis reveals functional regions within broader areas, emphasizing the role of economic geography in understanding community needs.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that increased job protections significantly reduce corporate mergers and acquisitions, driving down takeover deals and synergy gains. The study analyzed nearly 46,000 takeover deals in 21 countries between 1985 and 2007.
Researchers developed a novel approach to strengthen polymer gels by modifying the length of polymer threads per molecular beads, increasing fracture resistance and strain strength. The technique enables fabrication of polymer gels with desired mechanical properties.
The 2017 AMS Doob Prize recognizes the groundbreaking work of John Friedlander and Henryk Iwaniec on prime numbers and sieves. Their book Opera de Cribro has made a profound impact on the field of sieve theory, providing a comprehensive presentation of the subject.
Researchers analyzed word frequencies in six Indo-European languages, finding that punctuation marks play a key role in shaping the distribution of words. The study used over a million words from literary texts and found that including punctuation marks significantly altered the results, revealing a more complex structure.
Researchers have discovered new compounds that are more stable and effective than their natural equivalents, leading to a better understanding of protein biosynthesis in cells. This could help design better therapeutics and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have identified a unique genomic signature and chromosomal changes that drive sensitivity to chemotherapy in testicular tumors. The findings suggest that testicular cancers are already primed for self-destruction, making them highly susceptible to treatment.
Researchers have developed a technique using microbubbles and ultrasound to deliver drugs directly to the brain, opening the blood-brain barrier. This method shows promise in treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
Scientists at the University of Surrey achieved record power conversion efficiencies for large area organic solar cells, outperforming traditional inorganic solar cells. The innovative cells can be printed in different colors and shapes, making them ideal for powering devices on-the-go, such as Internet of Things applications.
A new study from the University of Cincinnati reveals that former college football players continue to show evidence of neuropathic brain changes several years after graduation. The research found lower cortical thickness in areas critical for attention, memory, and executive abilities.
Scientists at Kazan University developed a new principle of optical storage based on tip-enhanced Raman scattering effect to overcome the diffraction limit. The new technology enables up to 1 Pb/dm2 storage capacity, approximately equal to 1 million standard DVDs.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new PEG delivery system that avoids immune responses and extends the duration of drugs in the bloodstream. The technology, which produces more uniform results, shows excellent efficacy in controlling glucose levels in diabetic mice.
A study published in Marketing Science journal reveals that sellers are 3.5 times more impactful than buyers in growing e-commerce platforms like Taobao.com. The findings suggest that the presence of diverse product offerings on the platform is crucial for attracting buyers, while frequent buying activity motivates sellers to join.
Research from the University of Eastern Finland shows that even mild iron excess contributes to type 2 diabetes prevalence and incidence. Men are more at risk due to higher iron accumulation, while moderate iron levels are safer than depletion or deficiency.
Experts argue that authoritarian leaders effectively mobilize public support using discourse that aligns with the country's history and traditions. The study analyzes Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan's presidents' rhetoric between 1997-2015.
A new study by University of Minnesota researcher Daniel Kaiser found that in-furrow starter fertilizer application has limited economic benefits for corn farmers in areas with cool spring temperatures. The practice, which aims to boost early-season growth, may not outweigh the costs of the fertilizer itself.