Researchers found that CHD1-depleted human prostate cancer cells are hypersensitive to DNA breaks and chemotherapeutic drugs, including PARP inhibitors. This suggests CHD1 as a potential biomarker for targeted prostate cancer therapy.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have developed a new class of HIF-2 inhibitors that control cancer in half of the tumors tested in mice. The therapy is more active and better tolerated than existing treatments like sunitinib, offering new hope for patients with kidney cancer.
A new study from Uppsala University found that biobank storage time is a crucial factor in medical research, rivalling the importance of blood donor age. The researchers analyzed 380 samples from 106 women, isolating the impact of storage time to show its significant influence on test results.
A UK-wide study aiming to assess the resilience of the British pig industry will use advanced analytics and machine learning to forecast how major changes affect the sector. The PIGSustain project will gather comprehensive data on animal health, disease, and welfare as well as socio-economic trends.
A research team from UC San Diego and Monash University identified 38 lead compounds that exhibit strong affinity and high selectivity for the M2 mAChR binding site. These compounds target allosteric binding sites, which are built around a more diverse genetic sequence and structure than orthosteric binding sites.
A new study found that current climate models may be too simplistic in their predictions, as the spatial distribution of shade plays a crucial role in an animal's ability to regulate its body temperature. The research uses lizards as test subjects and found that smaller patches of shade allowed for more efficient thermoregulation.
A year's course of benralizumab injections significantly decrease asthma exacerbation rates, improving lung function and total asthma score. The treatment also shows promise for reducing hospitalization risks among those with severe uncontrolled asthma.
A study by Tsuyoshi Takeuchi found that aerial displays in butterflies are not due to a war of attrition between males, but rather an inability to distinguish the sex of their opponents, leading to prolonged courtship behavior.
The Artazu VII site contains at least 40 species of micro- and macro-vertebrates, including extinct species like cave lion and steppe bison, preserved in anatomical connection. The site reflects the fauna in the area during the Upper Pleistocene epoch, providing high-resolution palaeoecological and palaeoenvironmental insights.
The report highlights detectable scientific evidence of ocean warming's impact on marine life, from microorganisms to mammals. Ocean warming is causing increased disease in plant and animal populations, impacting human health as pathogens spread more easily in warmer waters.
Researchers found that overweight patients with metastatic kidney cancer had significantly longer survival and decreased risk of death compared to normal-weight counterparts. FASN gene expression was also found to be decreased in obese patients, which could explain their better treatment outcomes.
A study published in the European Respiratory Society found that adults hospitalized during school holidays are 38% more likely to develop pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia. The increased risk may be attributed to changes in child contact patterns and transmission of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Using an experimental co-culture method, researchers identified a protein subunit that reverses mutated gene effects in Huntington's disease. The study provides clues to potential new treatments and suggests that expression of the TRiC protein subunit may rescue atrophy of striatal neurons.
Research reveals that early exposure to antibiotics is associated with a higher risk of developing eczema and hay fever. The study found that the use of antibiotics in early childhood can lead to a stronger immune response, disrupting the balance of gut microbiome.
Experts warn of severe threats to ecosystems due to nitrogen deposition from fertilizer use and sewage. A global network is needed to monitor and address this issue in Latin America and BRICS nations, which are the largest users of nitrogen fertilizer.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego have made a breakthrough in developing a vaccine against group A Streptococcus, responsible for over 500,000 deaths annually. By identifying common sequence patterns in the M protein, the team aims to create an antibody response that targets multiple strains of the bacteria.
A new Cochrane Review found that taking an oral vitamin D supplement can reduce severe asthma attacks requiring hospital admission or emergency department attendance. The review of seven trials involving 435 children and 658 adults with mild to moderate asthma showed a significant reduction in risk, with no increase in side effects.
Stanford researchers have identified a key brain circuit that regulates both sleep-wake cycles and the reward system, providing potential new therapeutic avenues for insomnia and other disorders. The discovery sheds light on how dopamine plays a crucial role in these processes.
Researchers discovered that some monkeys with depleted immune systems still had a second line of defense against tuberculosis, targeting CD8 and B cells. This finding could lead to more effective vaccines for TB, which affects people co-infected with HIV.
Italian researchers identified a biomarker bio-Adrenomedullin that correlates with good microcirculation and longevity in centenarians. The study found that low levels of this peptide hormone are associated with efficient blood perfusion, similar to that in younger individuals.
A recent study suggests that the arrival of browsing medium-sized antelopes in Africa was a key factor in replacing ancient forests with open savannas. The researchers found that thorn trees evolved around the same time as antelope, coinciding with the diversification of spiny plants and the opening up of forests to grass invaders.
A study found that men who gamble are more likely to act violently towards others, with the most addicted gamblers at greatest risk. The research also showed a strong association between gambling and violence, even after adjusting for other factors.
A new technique invented at MIT can precisely measure the growth of many individual cells simultaneously, offering insights into growth variation across single cells within larger populations. The device's increased throughput enables fast drug tests and tracking of dynamic cell growth to changing environmental conditions.
The International Working Group on Antibody Validation has established five conceptual pillars for antibody validation, including genetic strategies, orthogonal methods, independent antibody approaches, expression of tagged proteins, and immunocapture followed by mass spectrometry. The proposal aims to provide a scientific foundation f...
A new study reveals that warmer, wetter climate conditions in California would impair grassland productivity. The research found that average conditions from the past 40 years are near optimal for grass production, and any significant deviation toward warmer or wetter conditions will cause land to be less productive.
A new study challenges the traditional efficacy trial model by using real-world patients and GP practices to test COPD treatments. The Salford Lung Study found that a once-daily treatment regimen was associated with lower rates of exacerbations without increased risk of serious adverse events.
Researchers found that whole brain radiotherapy had no beneficial effect on survival or quality of life compared to best supportive care and steroids. The trial included 538 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who had spread to the brain, and showed that WBRT did not extend survival or improve quality of life.
A cardioprotective drug, dexrazoxane, has been found to prevent long-term heart damage in children receiving chemotherapy. The use of dexrazoxane can allow anthracyclines to be given more safely and at higher doses without risking damage to the heart.
Four out of six great apes are listed as Critically Endangered due to illegal hunting and habitat loss. The Eastern Gorilla population has declined by over 70% in 20 years, while the Plains Zebra is threatened by hunting for bushmeat and skins. Invasive species are also destroying native Hawaiian plants, with 87% of endemic species thr...
A Cancer Research UK-funded clinical trial found that whole brain radiotherapy makes little difference in survival and quality of life for lung cancer patients with brain metastases. Patients who received radiotherapy lived five days longer but experienced only small improvements in quality of life.
Research suggests that antenatal factors contribute to life-long respiratory wellbeing of children, with larger fetuses having a reduced risk for asthma and better lung function. The study found an association between reduced fetal size and increased asthma risk, as well as reduced lung function in children aged 5-15 years.
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who engage in high levels of physical activity are less likely to develop anxiety or depression, with a 15% reduced risk. Mental disorders are common in COPD patients, affecting approximately 40% of the population.
A small study found that smoking decreases dietary intake by reducing ghrelin levels, a hunger hormone. This effect can help explain why current smokers are less likely to be obese than non-smokers.
Overweight women and underweight boys are at higher risk of asthma hospital admissions in early adulthood. The study analyzed data from over 300,000 schoolchildren and found a significant link between childhood BMI and adult asthma admissions.
A new study explores the potential use of artificial intelligence to analyze complete lung function tests and improve diagnosis accuracy. The algorithm simulates complex reasoning to provide a standardized and objective diagnosis, removing bias.
The global seaweed industry is driving growth with valuable uses in food, fertilizer, pharmaceuticals, and industrial products. However, rapid expansion poses ecological and societal risks, including disease outbreaks and environmental degradation.
The IUCN-led independent panel of scientists has been advising Sakhalin Energy to mitigate its impact on whales and the environment. The western gray whale population has grown 3-4% annually, from an estimated 115 animals in 2004 to 174 in 2015.
A new study found that breastfeeding can decrease respiratory symptoms in infants with asthma-related genetic profiles by 27%. The study, which included 368 infants from Switzerland, sheds light on how gene-environment interaction can be modified by breastfeeding.
Researchers exploring effects of automation on vehicle safety, driver behavior, and public acceptance. Presentations cover topics such as ethical concerns, system breakdowns, and self-driving cars.
Mount Etna's unusual crater formation is attributed to eastern flank instability, causing new stresses and pressures on the volcano's structure. This makes it a prime subject for study, with recent research monitoring its behavior over ten years to predict future eruptions.
A new study reveals that leaf-cutter ants have not fully domesticated their fungal symbionts, despite having a mutually beneficial relationship. The ants adjust the nutrient content of their mulch to minimize mushroom production, but this strategy has constraints on productivity.
One-year-olds expect people from different cultural backgrounds to have varying food preferences unless they belong to the same group. This study highlights infants' sensitivity to subtle social cues and their ability to think in sophisticated ways about these differences.
Researchers at IBS developed a two-terminal tunnelling random access memory (TRAM) with highly reliable performance, long retention time, and flexibility. The device stores data by keeping electrons on its graphene layer, enabling flexible and stretchable applications for wearable smartphones, eye cameras, and biomedical devices.
Anna Rieckmann at Umea University has received a 5-year ERC Starting Grant to study the neural basis of cognitive functions using a new imaging technique combining fMRI and PET. This project aims to understand biological processes underlying brain activity, with potential implications for aging-related cognitive decline.
A new study validates a low-cost, rapid, and highly accurate screening tool, KlebSeq, for detecting healthcare-acquired infections. The test can identify multiple strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, including antibiotic-resistant strains, earlier than traditional methods.
The University of Pittsburgh chemical engineer is studying the self-assembly of materials into complex structures at sizes much larger than the nanoscale. The research aims to advance the fundamental understanding of large-scale self-assembly and test applications in biological sensors, computer chips, and photonic devices.
Researchers at Lund University have discovered the binding mechanism of DNA building blocks to an enzyme, a key step in controlling its function. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new antibacterial drugs targeting nosocomial infections, with potential applications for treating chlamydia.
Hurricane Hermine made landfall near Saint Marks, Florida with 80 mph winds, and then moved into Georgia where it weakened to a tropical storm. The NASA/NOAA GOES Project created an animation showing the development of Hermine into a hurricane during the afternoon of Sept. 1.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that language learning boosts brain activity and increases neuroplasticity, leading to improved information processing. The more languages a person knows, the faster their brain adapts to new information.
A study by Helmholtz Zentrum München found that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are increased in the blood of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), correlating with lung function decline. MDSC may serve as a biomarker for IPF diagnosis and disease progression.
The quasi-biennial oscillation, a 60-year wind pattern in the tropical stratosphere, has been observed to suddenly change, sparking interest among scientists. The disruption does not have immediate impact on weather or climate but raises questions about its causes and potential effects.
The study found that increasing beam section height and lower steel bar rebar ratio significantly improves collapse-resistance capacity. Meanwhile, lengthening the specially shaped column limb only enhances stiffness, while slab upper and lower steel bar rebar ratios increase the frame's stiffness and collapse-resistance capacity.
A new international study links fertilizer addition to decreased plant diversity in diverse ecosystems globally, highlighting the need for ecosystem preservation strategies as they face multiple human-induced threats.
Scientists at University of Würzburg have crystallized an antibody effective against Sclerostin, a protein involved in bone metabolism. The findings offer a promising treatment option for osteoporosis, a condition that affects elderly women and increases the risk of fractures.
Researchers have identified a new snake species, the 'ghost snake,' in Madagascar's Ankarana National Park. The snake's pale grey coloration and distinct genetic profile set it apart from other cat-eyed snakes found in the region.
Researchers have identified a specific signaling pathway in leukemia cells that enhances their viability and reproduction. The discovery highlights the potential for targeting this pathway to develop new treatments for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL).
Researchers at Max Planck Institute discovered that DNA segment to which a transcription factor binds can assume various spatial arrangements, altering the transcription factor's shape and controlling its activity. Neighboring DNA segments also play a significant role in modulating gene activity.
A new study published in Climate Dynamics suggests that early-onset spring models may indicate a 'nightmare' for agriculture in the affected regions. The analysis of climate model data shows an increased frequency of nearly one in every three years by the end of this century.
A joint NASA-JAXA mission observed two persistent hot towers south and east of Hermine's center, influencing its strengthening. Repeated cloud-top height measurements suggested these towers, lasting 9-12 hours, could eject energy into the atmosphere.
A new IUCN guide outlines environmentally responsible seismic survey practices to minimize negative impacts on marine species. The guide provides a structured approach for planning and conducting low-noise surveys, reducing disruption of communication, stress, and behavioral changes in whales and other cetaceans.