A recent study found that genetic susceptibility to bipolar disorder increases the risk for suicide attempt, but only among those who have experienced traumatic stress such as bullying, sexual abuse, and domestic violence. The research highlights the importance of environmental stressors in developing suicide attempts in individuals at...
Irish researchers have discovered that glycine, the simplest amino acid, can generate enough electricity to power electrical devices when tapped or squeezed. This discovery has significant implications for the development of environmentally sustainable and low-cost bio-piezoelectric devices.
Research found that red-bellied lemurs with strong social bonds have similar gut microbiomes, which may contribute to their immunity. The study suggests that sharing a similar microbiome within a social group can have a positive health impact and potentially prevent infections.
Tufts researchers have developed a method to regenerate adult stem cells in the nasal tissue, improving sense of smell in mice. The discovery uses Yamanaka factors and offers a more efficient alternative to existing induced pluripotent stem cell technology, with implications for treating various tissue degeneration associated with aging.
A new microscope technology using ultraviolet light enables fast and accurate imaging of fresh tissue samples, revolutionizing pathology and medical research. This approach eliminates the need for time-consuming slide preparation and preserving tissue, making it an essential tool for improving patient care and research nationwide.
A Northwestern University study reveals that fathers of premature babies exhibit higher stress levels after being discharged from the hospital compared to their mothers. The cortisol levels in fathers' saliva increased steadily over 14 days at home, while those of mothers remained stable.
A study found that cerebral blood flow is altered in preterm newborns' brains, with key regions such as the insula and anterior cingulate cortex receiving decreased blood supply. This alteration may serve as an early warning sign of disturbed brain maturation.
Scientists studying submarine volcanoes have discovered distinct sound patterns emanating from two underwater eruptions, Ahyi and Bogoslof. These sounds can be detected by seismometers and hydrophone arrays, providing valuable insights into the monitoring of these volcanic events.
Two studies in mice and human subjects reveal exercise can alter gut microbiota, promoting healthy intestinal cells and reducing inflammation. Exercise-induced changes persisted even after returning to a sedentary lifestyle, with lean participants showing more significant improvements.
A BU researcher has been awarded a three-year grant to study the effectiveness of SHUTi, an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy program, in reducing health disparities among black women with insomnia. The study aims to adapt SHUTi for black women and compare its effectiveness with standard care.
A new system uses drones to monitor railroad tracks, detecting good condition and possible incidents, allowing for automated data processing and reduction of human access to the track. This innovation improves safety for both users and workers, while also saving costs.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a precision de-icing technology that uses high-resolution modeling to identify areas most vulnerable to drivers during hazardous weather conditions. The team also discovered a function of certain microbes that produces a new derivative of vitamin B12, which could enhance the e...
Researchers used computer simulations to study the dynamics of efflux pumps in bacteria, which create drug resistance. Understanding how these pumps work could lead to finding ways to deactivate them, potentially making antibiotics effective again against life-threatening diseases.
A new biomarker test developed by researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center can predict, with up to 90 percent certainty, which chemical compounds can cause DNA damage that could lead to cancer. The test, called TGx-DDI, is based on genes that are actively transcribed in a cell and can identify stress due to DNA damage.
Researchers at the University of Bergen found that young people with intestinal worms have a 4 times higher risk of developing asthma and allergies than others. Interestingly, their parents are generally unaffected by the parasite.
A study using the W. M. Keck Observatory measured the spin rates of three planetary-mass companions, finding rates similar to those of small free-floating brown dwarfs, suggesting two possibilities: the companions could be brown dwarfs or planets that formed with similar spins
A study published on Scientific Reports reveals that hand preference is already defined at the 18th week of gestation. Foetal kinematics analysis predicts manual dominance with an accuracy of 89-100% in boys and girls, which may lead to early recognition of pathologies like depression, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorders.
A study by Yale-NUS College Postdoctoral Fellow Eunice Tan found that beetle color patterns are similar to host plants, suggesting camouflage rather than warning signals. The research challenged the prevailing theory among coleopterists and highlights the complexity of natural selection in leaf beetles.
Researchers at the University of Delaware and Delaware State University are studying the effects of traumatic stress in women and brain function to improve understanding of impulse control. The five-year grant will support non-invasive imaging techniques to explore brain function in living humans and laboratory animals.
Researchers found invasive plant species can change their ecological niches to thrive in new continents and climates, challenging traditional assumptions. This shift has major consequences for predicting invasive species distribution and responses to climate change.
A University of Missouri researcher has identified a potential target for therapeutics in treating Lou Gehrig's disease (ALS), which may also help recover patients from strokes and other disorders. The study found that an enzyme called NAMPT plays a crucial role in ALS pathogenesis.
A study by NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development found that multicultural awareness is crucial for promoting positive outcomes in the classroom. Multicultural awareness varies significantly among future teachers based on their race or ethnicity and prior experience working with students of color. The resear...
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology have successfully recorded non-error data in magnetic holographic memory, reducing energy consumption and improving reconstruction performance. The breakthrough enables high-volume data storage with ultra-high density and speed, potentially surpassing Blu-ray discs.
A population-based study of patients with hip fracture surgery and elective total hip replacement found that overlapping surgery was associated with an increased risk for complications, especially in nonelective procedures. The duration of the surgical overlap appeared to increase the risk.
A new study isolates two key practices in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and finds they have distinct effects on attentional control and emotional non-reactivity. The findings suggest that focusing on attention can improve attentional control, while open monitoring promotes emotional non-reactivity.
A Baylor University study reveals that frequent tanners are more likely to engage in risky appearance-related behaviors, including tattoos and piercings, compared to infrequent tanners. The research suggests that excessive tanning may be a sign of body image concerns, making it essential to address social and appearance pressures.
A study published in eLife reveals that certain mammalian neurons have shapes and electrical properties well-suited for deep learning. The algorithm simulates how these neurons collaborate to achieve deep learning, offering a more biologically realistic approach.
Opioid-related hospitalizations have a four-fold higher mortality rate than in 2000, with deadlier conditions like heroin poisoning on the rise.
A study by Lancaster University found that the UK public smoking ban had a statistically significant positive impact on the well-being of married individuals, especially married women with dependent children. The researchers also discovered increases in happiness among men who quit smoking and those who never smoked.
A study found that most VR users don't perceive a virtual world like the real one without training. When given visual feedback, success rates doubled, highlighting the importance of teaching users to use binocular cues and head movements. The results aim to improve VR uptake by encouraging interactive experiences.
Physicists develop a time-efficient method for simulating complex systems by creating an ensemble of multiple runs with randomized initial conditions. This approach, called a swarm, reduces overall processing time while maintaining accuracy.
A Japanese research team developed a refrigeration preservation technology that extends mouse sperm freezing period from three days to 10 days. This breakthrough enables safe and easy transportation of genetically modified mice worldwide, accelerating international collaborative research.
A recent conference report identifies knowledge gaps in bladder control, including the impact of aging and disease on urinary control. The report emphasizes the need for better treatments, person-centered care, and behavioral therapy to address this prevalent condition.
A new Zika vaccine candidate has produced strong immune responses in healthy adults, with nearly all recipients mounting protective antibody responses against the virus. The vaccine was safe and caused only mild reactions, offering a promising step towards an effective Zika vaccine.
A new drug delivery system uses a synthetic-biological hybrid nanocapsule to target and correct diseased cells at the genetic level, reducing side effects. The platform is programmable, modular, and can integrate diverse peptide sequences for tailored treatment.
A recent study examined the intubation decision-making process of 73 hospital-based doctors from three academic medical centers. The researchers found that mental models of doctors who deviated from patient preferences focused on reversibility, inferred consent, and comfort levels. This variation highlights the need for well-structured...
Researchers at MIT, Cornell, and King Abdullah University developed a technique to create long, thin MoS2 channels in WSe2. The discovery could lead to more efficient solar cells and the assembly of atom-scale electronic components.
The Universal Genomics Instructor Handbook and Toolkit provides a comprehensive 'how-to' guide for implementing genomics education in various medical specialties. The toolkit contains four exercises and resources for clinicians to gain introductory training in genomic medicine.
Tropical Cyclone Ockhi is battling increasing wind shear and dry air as it moves north, weakening the storm. The cyclone is expected to become a remnant low pressure area by Dec 6, near Gulf of Khambhat.
New research finds that medium-sized carnivores spend the most time looking for food, making them more vulnerable to environmental changes. The study reveals a mathematical model predicting vulnerability based on body size and prey availability, highlighting the impact of habitat loss and climate change on predators.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting two forms of GSK3 can promote stem cell self-renewal or trigger differentiation into neural cells. The findings have implications for developing targeted therapies for diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's, and could lead to the production of human stem cells with specific properties.
Researchers decoded two worm genomes and found genetic similarities with vertebrates, including humans. They share genes involved in multicellularity and head development with deuterostomes, despite being distantly related. This discovery highlights the dynamic nature of animal genome evolution and our connection to ancient ancestors.
A new clinical trial aims to test a novel treatment protocol that combines medication with follow-up support to prevent opioid relapse after recovery from an overdose. The trial, led by F. Gerard Moeller and Warren Bickel, involves patients receiving the investigational treatment in emergency rooms followed by outpatient care.
A new treatment combines traditional chemotherapy with a relatively new cancer drug that targets chemo-resistant tumor cells, loaded into tiny nanoparticles. The treatment shows promise for improving survival rates for endometrial cancer patients and could be used to treat other cancers as well.
A new study found that artwork created by artists experiencing personal unhappiness, particularly during bereavement, can experience a significant decrease in value. Paintings created in the year following a friend or relative's death saw a 35% drop in value compared to other works.
A study by Australian researchers demonstrates that PSMA PET scans can identify prostate cancer patients who would benefit from salvage radiation treatment. The study shows an overall treatment response of 72 percent, with men having negative or fossa-confined PSMA having the highest treatment response to SRT.
Scientists propose that molten metal percolates downward through tiny channels in rocks to form a planet's core. This 'trickle-down' theory contradicts earlier experiments suggesting most metals stay trapped in isolated pores.
A genetic variation linked to autism spectrum disorders stunts the growth of dendrites in rat cells and a mouse model of autism. This excessive pruning may contribute to differences in neuronal connectivity underlying social and communication deficits observed in autism.
Researchers analyzed vervet monkey genes to understand their interaction with SIV, a close relative of HIV. The study revealed the monkeys' ability to live with the virus has evolved over time, offering valuable data for humans to develop more effective treatments.
Predatory journals have been identified as a significant problem in scientific publishing, with over 400,000 studies published annually. Researchers propose education for identifying predatory journals, incentives for legitimate publishing, and funding agency audits to disincentivize submissions to these outlets.
A gene-based Zika vaccine developed by NIH scientists has been found to be safe and immunogenic in healthy adults, with 60-89% of participants generating a neutralizing antibody response. The vaccine, which includes a small piece of DNA called a plasmid, triggers the body to mount an immune response when injected into muscle.
KAUST researchers have devised a strategy to integrate transparent conducting metal-oxide contacts with 2D semiconductors into fully transparent devices. The team used aluminum-doped zinc oxide, a low-cost transparent and electrically conductive material, to generate series of devices and circuits.
A new study using remote sensing and satellite mapping has identified 40% of northern Malaysian Borneo's carbon stocks in unprotected forests. The Carnegie Airborne Observatory mapped carbon stocks, guiding conservation efforts and suggesting that doubling carbon stocks could be achieved by allowing previously logged forests to regener...
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that cocaine overdose deaths disproportionately impact the non-Hispanic black population, with rates comparable to those for heroin and prescription opioid-related deaths. The research highlights the need for targeted prevention efforts among this demographic.
Researchers at EPFL have developed a method to prevent AI from learning to circumvent human commands, allowing for safe and controlled operation of autonomous systems. By introducing 'forgetting' mechanisms into the learning algorithms, they can ensure that interruptions do not affect the way machines learn.
A study published in Spine Journal found that durotomy cases involving late detection and severe injury are more likely to result in a verdict in favor of the patient. The researchers identified 48 malpractice cases where incidental durotomy during spinal surgery led to litigation, with most resulting in a ruling in favor of the surgeon.
A new IU, Regenstrief study explores predictors and frequency of surrogate decision-maker distress, finding that emotional support is crucial for effective decisions and better psychological outcomes. Surrogate anxiety and depression were found to be prevalent among family members making medical decisions for hospitalized older adults.
New study reveals that frequency and magnitude of large Himalayan earthquakes depend on tectonic plate collision rate, which controls temperature and earthquake generation areas. The team found a link between plate collisions in the Alps and Himalaya, with slower collisions increasing earthquake hazard.
A new study found that typical teens are resilient to negative online experiences, with effects vanishing within a week. Researchers believe coping skills may be learned through online interactions with friends or social media communities.
Recent research reveals that all Bronze Age iron artifacts were made from meteoric iron, a rare and valuable source of the metal. This finding challenges previous theories on the origins of bronze and provides new insights into ancient metalworking practices.