A world-first study has used custom-made non-invasive cameras to capture over 535 minutes of rare dolphin activities, including mother-calf interaction and social behaviors. The results provide unprecedented insight into the lives of these marine top predators.
A new study found that warming ponds can release almost twice as much methane and absorb half as much carbon dioxide over a seven-year period. This amplifies the effects of global warming on these small ecosystems, contributing significantly to climate change.
Researchers at KAUST developed a method for fine-scale imaging of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), visualizing their atomic structures without damage. The high sensitivity of detectors allowed them to acquire images with resolutions as low as 0.21 nanometers, revealing surface and interfacial structures.
A new study found that cancer survivors are changing their prescription drug use due to financial constraints, with a significant proportion of non-elderly adults skipping medication or seeking cheaper options. This phenomenon has important policy implications and highlights the need for improved doctor-patient communication about the ...
A new study suggests that the communication between brain hemispheres is key to creativity. Highly creative individuals have significantly more nerve connections between their right and left hemispheres, particularly in the frontal lobe.
A new study by the University of Sussex found that around 35-40% of a child's BMI is inherited from their parents. The intergenerational transmission of BMI is approximately constant across countries, suggesting that genetics and family environment are key factors in obesity.
The new battery uses hydronium ions as charge carriers, providing a sustainable alternative to traditional lithium-based batteries. It has the potential for high-power energy storage and stationary grid storage, making it an attractive option for researchers looking for new alternatives.
A new study led by Duke University finds that over 25,000 elephants were killed for their ivory between 2004 and 2014 in Gabon's protected area. The loss of forest elephants has significant implications for the preservation of the species.
A new study suggests that consuming fish and seafood with higher levels of mercury may increase the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The study found that individuals who ate fish and seafood regularly were at double the risk for ALS compared to those with lower mercury intake.
A new study from Lund University and international researchers reveals that cooperative breeding of offspring is key to successful colonization in harsh environments. By sharing genes, helpers and offspring benefit from monogamous breeding females, enabling species to invade previously inaccessible areas.
New research in adolescent rodents identifies under-expression of α4βδ-GABAA receptors as a risk factor for anorexia nervosa-like behavior. Boosting receptor activity may be a promising treatment strategy, addressing the high mortality rate of this mental illness.
Robert W. Nairn, OU professor and pioneer in wetland technologies, receives the prestigious William T. Plass Award for his work in rehabilitating contaminated water at the Tar Creek Superfund site.
Astronomers found that the Galaxy's gravitational field can interfere with determining the coordinates of distant objects, causing a
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have identified a novel genetic mechanism and marker that may predict response to a class of drugs in many cancer types. Elevated levels of IGF2BP3 protein were found in both thyroid and other common cancers, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for treatment response.
Scientists at the University of Utah have discovered a compound from the venom of a small Caribbean Sea snail that blocks pain by targeting a distinct pathway not associated with opioid drugs. The benefits of the compound continue even after it has cleared the body, suggesting a potential new therapy for chronic pain.
Scientists have developed a method to recycle unwanted Si sawdust into high-capacity and durable LIBs with capacities up to 3.3 times larger than conventional graphite. The proposed recycling process has the potential to be mass-produced at a reasonably low cost.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that cancer cells use the dynamin1 protein, once thought exclusive to neurons, to sustain rapid cell division and evade death signals. Aggressive cancer cells adapt neuronal mechanisms to thrive in a
Researchers developed a novel biofunctionalized silica nanostructure to selectively capture tumor-derived exosomes bearing the PSMA biomarker, overcoming limitations of alternative approaches. The technology enables non-invasive diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer with high recovery yields and improved efficiency.
A new UBC study reveals that gamblers who feel immersed in slot machines are more likely to have gambling problems. The research suggests that designing slots with eye-catching messages and disrupting the 'slot machine zone' state can promote more responsible play.
Research shows that people who are less numerate experience worse health outcomes, including for cancer patients. To cope, patients can ask for numbers, understand what the numbers mean, consider absolute risk, and narrow down treatment options.
The development of efficient luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) using silicon nanoparticles has the potential to create photovoltaic windows that can capture over 5% of the sun's energy at unprecedented low costs. The technology, developed by researchers from the University of Minnesota and University of Milano-Bicocca, uses silico...
Researchers found that male former drinkers were at increased risk for accelerated rates of arterial stiffness compared to moderate drinkers. Long-term heavy drinking habits over 25 years may affect the elasticity of arterial walls and premature age arteries, interfering with blood flow.
A cost-effectiveness study on selective biopsy of the sentinel ganglion in cutaneous melanoma found no improvement in health outcomes. The technique is not recommended over removing the primary tumour followed by monitoring, regardless of tumour thickness or timeframe.
Research suggests that state-level same-sex marriage policies are associated with a significant reduction in adolescent suicide attempts, particularly among gay, lesbian and bisexual adolescents. The study found a seven percent reduction in suicide attempts among high school students generally.
The Samalas volcano's massive eruption in 1257 is believed to have had a significant impact on European climate conditions. However, new research published in Nature Geoscience suggests that its effects were exaggerated and not the primary cause of the Little Ice Age.
A new special section in Child Development outlines evidence-based interventions to support at-risk families and promote resilience among children. The focus is on nurturing primary caregivers, promoting positive parenting behaviors, and fostering self-regulation skills among parents and children.
Researchers have discovered a novel substance that may effectively treat trigeminal neuralgia, a chronic nerve pain condition. The substance, BIIB074, inhibits the sodium channel 1.7, reducing pain intensity without burdening side effects.
Researchers developed a fluorescent polymer that can detect high levels of mercury in fish, which can lead to reduced fetal growth and placental development. The study found increased mercury levels in swordfish and tuna, with no mercury detected in farmed salmon.
Scientists studied iron isotope ratios to understand Earth's differentiation event and how it differed from other planets. Nickel played a key role in shaping the ratios, with different elements forming under various planetary formation conditions.
A risk prediction model developed by Kaiser Permanente has safely reduced antibiotic use in newborns by nearly 50%. The calculator uses data from over 600,000 babies to calculate the risk of early-onset sepsis and targets infants who are at highest risk for infection.
Researchers studied cardiomyocyte autophagia in rabbits with acute focal ischemia. The study found that autophagy increases immediately after ischemia to protect cells, but decreases over time due to energy conservation. This mechanism helps prevent necrotic area expansion and cardiac death.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have discovered a key to increasing crop diversity by manipulating plant sex through the HEI10 gene. This breakthrough has significant implications for introducing novel disease resistance genes into elite crop varieties, addressing a major limitation in crop improvement.
A type of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) has been shown to slow or stop MS disease progression for up to five years in nearly half of patients, with significant benefits seen in younger patients and those with relapsing-remitting MS. However, the treatment carries a small risk of death and is not suitable fo...
A new study predicts that climate change will convert much of temperate grasslands and deserts to subtropical vegetation, leading to changes in precipitation and soil moisture. This shift could have significant impacts on ecological services and human populations, particularly for agriculture and ecosystems.
Researchers discovered a new discharge phenomenon, apokamp, occurring off the plasma arc in air at normal atmospheric pressure. The apokamp consists of ionisation waves - plasma bullets - moving with high velocity and may help explain blue jet phenomenon identified in 1994.
Researchers found that cancer cells rely on metabolic processes, specifically the use of intermediates for energy production, to drive growth and division. A specific variant of STAT5, which cannot detect a marker indicating a full energy supply, prevents sustained activation necessary for leukemia development.
A new species of satiny-white winged moth was discovered in the White Sands National Monument and named delindae in honor of Steve Mix's supportive mother Delinda Mix. The moth was identified by Eric H. Metzler after a decade of studying the local fauna.
A Phase 1 clinical trial demonstrates the PfSPZ Vaccine's ability to protect against at least two strains of malaria. The vaccine activated T cells and induced antibody responses in all recipients, providing some insights into its protective efficacy.
Zika virus exposure in utero may lead to a range of health issues, including abnormal reflexes, limb abnormalities, and brain defects such as microcephaly. A multidisciplinary approach is needed for Zika-affected children, involving both clinical treatment and research strategies.
A study of 281 patients with aggressive MS who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation found a 46% five-year progression-free survival rate. Younger age, relapsing form of MS, and fewer prior immunotherapies were associated with better outcomes.
A new water-resistant ant bait has been shown to offer significant advantages over existing baits in controlling invasive species such as the red imported fire ant. The bait's ability to withstand moisture makes it an effective tool for managing pest ants, especially in humid environments.
Researchers found that a telephone-based weight loss program combined with a maintenance intervention slowed the rate of weight regain in obese outpatients. The study suggests that incorporating weight maintenance interventions into clinical programs could make them more effective over the long term.
Researchers used satellite tracking to study basking shark migrations, revealing they don't hibernate in UK waters but instead seek out warmer temperatures. The data provides crucial information for conservation efforts, as the species is classified as 'vulnerable' and faces threats from human activities.
Scientists modelled global soil selenium concentrations using data mining techniques and found dominant role of climate-soil interactions. Climate change scenarios predict selenium levels to increase in some regions but decrease overall, with up to 66% of croplands expected to lose selenium by the end of the century.
A new study finds that high levels of a biomarker called nuclear KIFC1 are linked to poor prognosis in African-American patients with triple-negative breast cancer. In contrast, the same biomarker does not affect disease outcomes in white patients, highlighting racial disparities in breast cancer treatment.
Scientists discovered specific brain signals associated with fearful experiences in rat brains, allowing them to predict location-based avoidance. The study suggests a potential mechanism for understanding memory loss in Alzheimer's disease.
A collaborative study has discovered a genetic cause for myoclonic epilepsy syndrome in dogs, the DIRAS1 gene. This finding has significant implications for both veterinary diagnostics and breeding programs, as well as human epilepsy research.
New research reveals that mass coral die-offs in the Maldives and other Indian Ocean reefs have caused widespread bleaching and erosion, leading to a rapid decline in reef growth rates. The study found that reefs are now eroding at a faster rate than they are growing, with severe consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services.
EPFL scientists developed a new computer model to predict allosteric pathways for enzymes and other proteins, enabling more efficient drug design. The model proposes a new hypothesis for allosteric architectures, introducing the concept of 'levers' that amplify responses at a distance.
A team of researchers has found that the Earth's iron composition is not linked to its core formation, sparking alternative theories on why our planet has higher levels of heavy iron isotopes. The study suggests light iron isotopes may have been vaporized into space or incorporated into rock through slow mantle churning.
A national survey found that nearly 70% of prescription opioid medications kept in homes with children are not stored safely. Among households with older children, only 12% reported safe storage. The study highlights the need for education and new technology to prevent accidental ingestions and overdose among young people.
Cedars-Sinai neuroscientists have uncovered the human brain's processes involved in creating and maintaining short-term memories. The study found that persistently active neurons in the medial frontal lobe and medial temporal lobe are critical for memorization, with activity levels correlating to memory recall.
Researchers from Monash University and Cardiff University have made a breakthrough understanding how HIV evades the immune system by mutating key molecules, which will help design better therapies and vaccines. The study provides new insights into HIV's ability to evade the immune system.
Researchers analyzed TV debate transcripts to quantify dramatic differences in speaking styles among candidates. Donald Trump's style was characterized by simplicity, short sentences, and a reduced vocabulary, differing from other candidates' more complex communication methods.
A review of mindfulness research found that focused attention practices may benefit older adults by fostering a greater quality of life and improving cognitive functioning. However, the field is limited and would greatly benefit from larger randomized controlled trials to confirm results.
The study found that Central Africa's forest elephant population has dropped by over 80% in a decade, mainly due to illegal poaching. The researchers emphasize the need to reduce demand for ivory and recognize forest elephants as a distinct species to save them from extinction.
A study by Russian scientists analyzed the hair of petrochemical workers, finding higher levels of As, Hg, Sn, I, and Si in office workers compared to those in other departments. Essential elements like Cr, Fe, and I were found in higher concentrations in primary oil refining employees, while toxic element content was generally lower i...
A QUT study found that investing in Green IT solutions can reduce costs, but to generate substantial environmental and innovation benefits, companies must adopt more comprehensive green practices. This includes process re-engineering, environmental management systems, and digital innovations that promote sustainability.
A study by researchers at the University of Missouri found that teacher ratings of parental involvement early in a child's academic career can accurately predict their academic and social success. The study also showed that a teacher training program can help improve the quantity and quality of teacher-parent interactions.
Researchers compared six methods for single-cell RNA sequencing and found that some commercial kits are ten times more expensive than homemade versions. The choice of method depends on the experiment's conditions and demands. This study is valuable for further developing the technology, particularly in the Human Cell Atlas project.