A team of researchers at Harvard's Wyss Institute has successfully engineered human induced pluripotent stem cells into mature podocytes with over 90% efficiency, paving the way for modeling patient-specific kidney diseases and guiding therapeutic discovery. The development of a functional human kidney glomerulus chip opens up new expe...
Researchers found that Rh7 functions as a light sensor governing daily day-and-night activity cycles in fruit flies. The discovery expands the roles of light sensors, which were originally discovered over 100 years ago.
Researchers found that altering the gut microbiome may be an effective therapy for CCMs, a cerebrovascular disease causing stroke and seizures. Genetic variations affecting TLR4 signaling linked to higher numbers of CCM lesions.
A peer-support program launched at Johns Hopkins Medicine has saved the institution nearly $2 million each year, according to a recent analysis. The program helps clinicians cope with traumatic events, reducing productivity losses and turnover rates.
Researchers at National Jewish Health have identified Age-associated B Cells (ABCs) as a key driver of autoimmune diseases such as lupus and Crohn's disease. The study found that ABCs cause the immune system to attack organs and tissues, leading to chronic inflammation and tissue damage.
Research suggests that helping coworkers in the morning can cause mental fatigue, leading to reduced helpfulness later in the day and increased self-serving behavior. The study found that employees' mental states switch from other-oriented to selfish in the afternoon, harming not only themselves but also their colleagues.
Physicists at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory have developed a new computer model of plasma stability in tokamaks, which could help scientists predict and avoid disruptions. The new model simplifies the physics involved and predicts conditions that can contain high-pressure plasmas.
The World Obesity Federation experts argue that obesity is a chronic, relapsing, progressive disease process driven by environmental and genetic factors. This recognition can lead to improved treatment options and reduced stigma around the condition.
A study published by the American College of Surgeons found that 93.79% of trained surgeons believe teaching bleeding control techniques to the public is an appropriate priority. The study's findings suggest that training surgeons can effectively disseminate bleeding control knowledge and teach skills to the general public.
A new study reveals that African lions and other big cat species are facing a high risk of extinction due to declining prey populations. The research suggests that the loss of prey species during the last Ice Age is continuing today, with only 25% of preferred prey remaining for African lions.
Researchers have developed a versatile, oil-based microgel material that can mimic aqueous microgels and eliminate instabilities between printed materials and their support. This innovation enables the precise 3-D printing of silicon materials in various shapes, including biocompatible materials like silicone.
A Queensland University of Technology study found that 30% of Year 3 students had uncorrected eye problems impacting their academic performance. Children with vision issues had significantly lower NAPLAN scores in reading, spelling, and numeracy.
A panel of international experts recommends against knee arthroscopy for almost all patients with degenerative knee disease, citing limited evidence of long-term pain relief and function improvement. Non-use of knee arthroscopy can be used as a performance measure to reduce unnecessary surgery.
A novel microdevice provides a minimally invasive method for measuring cell mechanical properties, improving upon existing techniques such as atomic-force microscopy. The device uses a soft diaphragm to compress cells, allowing real-time observation of deformation and estimation of the Young's modulus.
Cosmetic makers are researching skin bacteria and active ingredients to promote helpful microbes and discourage harmful ones, but a baseline picture of a healthy skin microbiome is lacking. Companies have already marketed bacteria-based product lines, despite limited knowledge of the skin microbiome.
Tropical Cyclone Ella affects American Samoa, prompting a high surf advisory due to large south swells and rip currents. The storm is expected to continue impacting the U.S. territory until May 12.
A new study finds that climate change could lead to a 10% increase in hospital emergency room visits for allergic asthma, particularly in the Midwest, Southeast, and Northeast regions. The increased exposure to oak pollen will have a significant impact on public health, with estimated costs of $10.4 million by 2090.
Tropical Cyclones Donna and Ella are affecting Fiji, with warnings in effect for New Caledonia. Satellite imagery shows the cyclones' weakening system, with warming cloud tops and a ragged eye.
Researchers discovered a class of materials that can exhibit superconductivity at room temperature due to innovative laser techniques. This breakthrough opens up new perspectives for the development of high-temperature superconductors with applications in electronics, diagnostics, and transport.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center developed a new technique for delivering stereotactic partial breast radiation, which was found to be as safe as traditional radiation while significantly reducing treatment time from six weeks to just five treatments delivered every other day. The study showed outstanding tumor control and...
Scientists have published groundbreaking scans of newborn babies' brains, enabling researchers to study brain development and wiring. The Developing Human Connectome Project will uncover how the brain develops during pregnancy and after birth, helping understand conditions like autism and pregnancy-related issues.
Tropical Cyclone Ella forms in the Southern Pacific Ocean near Fiji, with NASA's Suomi NPP satellite capturing its early stages. The system is expected to weaken due to high vertical wind shear as it approaches landfall in three days.
A portable measuring device has been developed to detect optimal ripeness in tomatoes, allowing producers to monitor the fruit's composition without destroying it. The device uses Raman spectroscopy and can be used for other foods that change color during ripening, such as peppers and pumpkins.
A patient-centered medical home model successfully treated 66 patients with HCV, demonstrating that general internists can deliver effective care. The multidisciplinary team approach and enhanced social work services show promise for broader implementation of HCV treatment in primary care settings.
New research shows that a small percentage of self-driving cars can significantly impact road flow, eliminating phantom traffic jams and reducing fuel consumption by up to 40%. The study demonstrates the potential for autonomous vehicles to regulate traffic flow and improve efficiency.
Researchers found that smiling makes a person appear to be two years older due to associated wrinkles. In contrast, surprised expressions are perceived as youthful, contradicting common perceptions of age and emotions.
A study of over 300 American men found that childhood bullies were more likely to experience stress, aggression, and financial difficulties, while bullied boys had lower incomes and felt unfairly treated. These outcomes increased their risk for poor physical health, including cardiovascular disease.
A retrospective household survey found that nearly 3,100 Yazidis were killed, mostly by execution, and 6,800 kidnapped during the ISIS siege on Mount Sinjar. Children accounted for nearly all those who died and were disproportionately affected in captivity.
Researchers identified 22 genes-of-interest with mutation frequencies across the largest group of CCEC patients. They also uncovered mutations in the TAF1 gene and found similarities to serous endometrial cancer or endometrioid endometrial cancer in a substantial number of CCECs.
Researchers have found a new method of microbial energy production called flavin-based electron bifurcation, which is an ancient form of energy generation and conservation. This mechanism allows organisms to generate two levels of energy from a single precursor compound, conserving wasted energy in the process.
Engineers have created a transistor that can form an optical-electric switch, enabling faster processing speeds. The device can communicate without interference, overcoming the bottleneck formed by electronic data transmission.
Primary colorectal tumors secrete VEGF-A, inducing CXCL1 and CXCR2-positive myeloid-derived suppressor cells to recruit at distant sites, establishing niches for future metastases. Liver-infiltrating MDSCs facilitate tumor cell survival in the new location.
Optical isolators are crucial for signal routing and protection in photonic circuits. Researchers demonstrated complete optical isolation within any dielectric waveguide using a simple approach without magnets or magnetic materials. The technique achieves ideal characteristics such as zero loss and perfect absorption, expanding on-chip...
A computational model developed by Northeastern researchers uses Twitter data to project the spread of seasonal flu in real time, accurately forecasting the disease's evolution up to six weeks in advance. The model incorporates key parameters such as incubation period, immunization rate and viral strains present.
The Biogerontology Research Foundation will present its work on applying artificial intelligence and deep learning to combat aging and age-related disease. The foundation has published seminal papers demonstrating the potential of these approaches to accelerate drug discovery and development, reducing costs and risks.
Using molecular simulations, researchers have developed an approach called inverse design that allows them to identify simpler interactions between particles that can spontaneously self-assemble into complex structures. This method enables the discovery of new materials with desired properties, reducing the time and cost required for t...
A team of researchers at Hokkaido University has uncovered the structure of a protein called HLA-G2 that protects embryos from being attacked by their mothers' immune systems during pregnancy. The structure was found to be similar to another class of human leukocyte antigens, suggesting its evolutionary origin.
A team of researchers discovered that SIMP J013656.5+093347 is a planetary mass object, rather than a brown dwarf, due to its mass being at the boundary between brown dwarf-like and planet-like properties. This finding offers new insights into the atmospheres of gas giant exoplanets.
A new paper suggests investing in utility-scale electricity storage, carbon capture, and solar power can reduce energy costs while reducing emissions. These technologies provide flexibility in the energy system and can help economies by creating new industries.
A new study found that people with organ transplants are at higher risk of developing and dying from cancer than the general population, yet their rates of cancer screening do not meet existing guidelines. The study examined 6,392 patients who had organ transplants in Ontario between 1997 and 2010.
A University at Buffalo study found that patient satisfaction among IBS patients is influenced by demographic, GI, and psychological factors beyond the quality of care. The researchers discovered that reassurance from gastroenterologists, rather than diagnostic tests, drives patient satisfaction in this population.
A study found that fathers who interact more with their babies in the first few months can positively impact cognitive development. Babies of involved dads scored higher in cognitive tests at two years old, regardless of gender.
A new study from Bentley University found that most new drugs approved by the FDA since 2010 arose from basic scientific research initiated in the 1970s or 1980s. The development of targeted and biological therapeutics depends on achieving a certain level of maturation in basic science.
Scientists discovered fossil evidence of early life in ancient hot spring deposits in Western Australia, pushing back the earliest known existence of inhabited terrestrial hot springs by 3 billion years. The discovery has implications for the origin of life and its potential preservation on Mars.
A study published in Pathogens and Global Health found that maternal education significantly reduces the risk of childhood malaria. Children whose mothers received primary education had a 17% prevalence rate, while those with higher levels of education had even lower rates.
A study found long-term off-label quinine use for muscle cramps increases the risk of death, with a higher risk observed in those under 50 years old. The risk is also dose-dependent, with exposure to 200mg/d or higher increasing mortality rates.
The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Wellcome Trust, and Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation have awarded $26.7 million to 41 international researchers, providing them with the freedom to pursue innovative projects in various biological and medical research areas.
Scientists have discovered a new class of materials with mixed valence states in lead perovskites, exhibiting charge ordering and high thermopower. The study reveals the key to stabilizing these unusual valence states through tuning the energy levels of Pb 6s and TM 3d orbitals.
A Queen's-led European research project, INBIONET, has made huge strides in tackling antibiotic resistance and its impact on global health. The study found that various pathogens share a common anti-immune strategy, potentially leading to the development of new drugs to treat different types of infections.
A new ambulatory monitoring device tracks gastric slow waves in patients with gastroparesis, enabling better understanding of the condition and its treatment. The device offers a window into stomach bioelectrical activity, revolutionizing digestive disease diagnosis and treatment.
Recent studies identified targeted therapies that improved benefits for patients with pancreatic cancer, including one with an ALK gene mutation. The assessment of actionable alterations is now part of routine care at UPMC.
Researchers discovered that plastin, an actin-bundling protein, plays a crucial role in facilitating polarisation and cytokinesis in embryonic cells. The study revealed that plastin functions as a molecular rivet, enabling the cell cortex to withstand forces generated during filament contraction.
A Yale University study found that 32% of new drugs were flagged for a safety issue after approval, with biologic therapies and accelerated approvals being more likely to be associated with concerns. The findings highlight the need for ongoing surveillance of new drugs in the post-market period.
The study develops a process to grow very small nanorods with precise separation, allowing for specific patterns in devices like gas sensors. This method reduces fabrication costs and enables more precise gas detection.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have developed a spatially adaptive broadcast system that enables broadcasters to adapt their geographical coverage in real-time, reducing energy consumption by up to 35%. This technology has the potential to improve the energy efficiency of wireless and broadcast networks.
Scientists at Linköping University have directly observed dislocation-pipe diffusion, a phenomenon that has eluded materials scientists for decades. The movement of atoms between layers of a thin film was captured using high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy.
A recent study reveals that microRNA-223 plays a crucial role in regulating intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. Synthetic versions of this microRNA can reduce inflammation in mice and may hold promise as a future therapy for IBD patients.
Computer scientists and social scientists collaborate to create Collaborative Interaction Corpus (CIC) dataset, featuring 135 participants' online activity and discussion data. The dataset can be used to address various computer-science questions, including predicting user behavior and machine learning.
Researchers reveal breakthrough method to release glucose from cellulose in rice straw, improving ethanol production without chemical treatment. The approach could benefit various cereals and grass species worldwide, reducing lignin content and increasing biomass digestibility.
A new study found that nearly half of seniors in Ontario who visited a family doctor for a non-bacterial infection received an unnecessary antibiotic prescription. The majority of prescriptions were for broad-spectrum antibiotics, which are associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes and antibiotic resistance.