The American Sleep Medicine Foundation has selected three researchers to receive Strategic Research Awards for their projects on telemedicine and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). The studies aim to compare the effectiveness of CBT-I delivered through telemedicine versus in-person sessions. One project will evaluate th...
A study published in Annals of Emergency Medicine found that prednisone did not provide additional relief for emergency patients with hives. Antihistamine levocetirizine alone achieved full itching relief within 2 days for 76% of patients.
A study by Australian National University reveals the world's biggest volcanoes in Hawaii formed along twin tracks due to a shift in the Pacific Plate's direction three million years ago. The discovery helps reconstruct Earth's history and understand volcanic activity away from tectonic plate boundaries.
A study conducted by Ohio State University researchers found that over half of breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy lack necessary medical knowledge to make informed decisions about reconstructive surgery. Only 43% of patients demonstrated adequate understanding of reconstruction facts and made choices aligned with their prefer...
Phagocytosis not only eliminates useless cells, but also 'educates' macrophages, the immune cells that carry it out. This process helps maintain tissues in a clean and healthy state. Researchers identified specific molecular toolkits for eliminating unwanted cells in each tissue.
Scientists analyzed DNA samples from 97 western spotted skunks and found three genetic sub-groups corresponding to different climate refugia created by Ice Age climate change. This discovery suggests that climate change played a more important role in the evolution of spotted skunks than geographical barriers.
Researchers at Hokkaido University developed a novel method combining p53 and BMPep to control nanostructure of inorganic materials. The method successfully created hexagonal silver nanoplates with enhanced specificity and crystal growth regulation.
A Portland State University study found that affluent neighborhoods with lawns use up to 10 times more water than densely populated areas. The research highlights the importance of water-saving measures in urban planning, suggesting that hardscaping and native plants can reduce water usage.
A new study published in Nature finds that the thalamus strengthens connections within the prefrontal cortex, enabling it to focus attention and make decisions. This discovery has implications for understanding cognitive deficits in diseases such as schizophrenia and improving cognition by adjusting thalamic function.
Researchers at Florida State University have developed a statistical model that ranks chemotherapy treatment options for patients based on the gene expression profile of their tumor. The model takes into account both effectiveness and potential side effects, predicting a higher complete response rate for some subtypes of breast cancer.
A new study calls for a global code of conduct for marine conservation, considering social justice and accountability practices. The code could ensure fair governance and respect for fishers' livelihoods, food sovereignty and dignity.
Research from Ohio State University found a surprising relationship between blood sugar and brain tumors. While diabetes increases cancer risk at other sites, it lowers the risk of gliomas, the most common type of malignant brain tumor.
Researchers found higher rates of brain abnormalities in children with single-ventricle disease as staged surgeries progressed. Cerebral blood flow measurements showed a potential link to brain lesions, but more investigation is needed to confirm causality.
A newly published study documents an orchid fossil trapped in Baltic amber, shedding light on the family's evolutionary history. The discovery, published in Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, pushes the record for oldest orchid fossil to over 45 million years.
A new study from Duke University found that adolescents already at risk for mental health issues face increased attention, behavior, and self-regulation problems when using technology. However, excessive digital device use was also linked to fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Researchers found that phthalate exposure during pregnancy and breastfeeding can lead to epigenetic modifications in children, increasing the risk of developing allergic asthma. The study also showed that the effects are not limited to the child, as the offspring of exposed mothers continued to be affected even after birth.
Scientists at the University of Bonn have created a realistic 3D model of a fish's lateral line system, allowing them to simulate precise current conditions. The results show that anatomical adaptations minimize background noise, enabling fishes to navigate and identify prey with high accuracy.
Researchers have characterized the unusual cell death process triggered by starvation, where the endoplasmic reticulum plays a key role. This discovery may shed new light on tumor progression and ischemia-related cell death in cancer and other diseases.
A large study of over 39,000 participants found that social smokers face the same high blood pressure and cholesterol risks as everyday smokers. The researchers advise clinicians to ask about social smoking in different ways to identify and help these individuals quit.
Children exposed to cocaine in the womb are more susceptible to addiction due to trouble controlling behaviors and emotions. Many teens in the study showed poor coping strategies, leading to acting out behaviors like substance use, tobacco, and alcohol abuse.
In a study published in PLOS ONE, researchers found that female Drosophila buzzatii fruit flies use courtship songs to pick mates of their own species. The study suggests that this preference may have driven speciation in the cluster. Female preferences for specific songs varied among individuals.
Researchers at Columbia University have obtained detailed images of AMPA receptor interactions with regulatory proteins, revealing the structural changes that occur during desensitization. This knowledge may aid in designing targeted therapies for conditions like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, epilepsy, and schizophrenia.
Tropical Cyclone Donna formed in the South Pacific and is now threatening Vanuatu. The storm intensified under favorable atmospheric conditions, including strong poleward outflow and warm water, before tracking westward at 5 knots per hour.
A new study from Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute uncovers the role of non-coding RNA SPRIGHTLY in tumor growth and metastasis, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target or diagnostic marker for skin cancer. The molecule binds to over 115 RNA partners, including genes implicated in various cancers.
Researchers propose new solution to alleviate poverty by incorporating culture and nature, classifying three types of solutions: Big Push, lowering the barrier, and transforming the system. This new approach aims to break the cycle of poverty and environmental degradation.
Researchers have identified multipotent stem cells in the human brain following a stroke, which can differentiate into neurons and help repair damage. These cells, called iSCs, express multiple stem cell markers and demonstrate high proliferative potential.
Researchers have discovered that FES, a protein previously linked to cancer development, actually acts as a tumor suppressor in melanoma. The study found that restoring FES expression through epigenetic drugs may provide a novel therapeutic strategy against melanoma.
Researchers discovered that oxytocin and isotocin signaling molecules play a crucial role in regulating anemonefish paternal behavior. Blocking these hormones led to decreased aggression but increased attention from the dads towards their offspring.
A new pilot study reports that Mexican-American stroke survivors are less likely to receive inpatient rehabilitation than non-Hispanic whites. The research team found that only 30% of Mexican-Americans received inpatient rehab while 73% of non-Hispanic whites did.
A team of researchers discovered that the Western Amazon sank twice, with ocean water from the Caribbean flooding the region for less than a million years. The study found distinct layers of marine pollen separated by non-marine types, as well as shark teeth and mantis shrimp fossils.
A clinical trial found that the drug teprotumumab significantly reduces eye bulging, pain, and swelling in patients with moderate-to-severe active thyroid eye disease. The treatment, which blocks an autoimmune attack on muscles around the eyes, showed rapid therapeutic benefits within six weeks of infusions.
A new generation of prosthetic limbs with built-in cameras can now automatically pick up objects, eliminating the need for manual control. Researchers at Newcastle University have developed a 'hand that sees' using computer vision and neural networks, which can assess object shape and size in real-time to trigger precise movements.
Researchers have engineered soybeans to withstand increased temperature and carbon dioxide levels, resulting in higher yields in future climate conditions. The modified crops outperformed conventional soybeans in field studies conducted at SoyFACE, a facility emulating future atmospheric conditions.
University of New Mexico researchers have discovered a method to optimize network processes, reducing energy consumption and effort required to achieve desired results. By focusing on key elements rather than monitoring all elements, the effort can be reduced dramatically, leading to significant cost savings and improved performance.
A new study by Colorado State University researchers demonstrates a method to quickly detect Zika virus in mosquito populations, informing decision-making on disease-prevention methods. The use of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) allows for easy detection in human and mosquito samples from the US, Brazil, and Nicaragua.
Research found that meerkat calls vary with factors such as sex and social status, providing cues about the producer. Call rates were higher in dominant females and one-year-old males during foraging, but not linked to stress hormones.
A study has mapped nearly two square kilometers of seafloor around the leeward side of Bonaire, revealing new details about mesophotic reefs. The data can help local conservation efforts by identifying areas worthy of further investigation and providing insights into reef dynamics.
Researchers found that migratory mule deer closely time their movements to track the timing of early spring green-up, allowing them to access high-quality forage. The study's findings highlight the importance of habitat corridors in enabling animals to move between winter and summer ranges.
A gene mutation called the Met allele may accelerate memory and thinking skills decline in people at risk for Alzheimer's disease, according to a study published in Neurology. Researchers found that individuals with the mutation lost cognitive skills more rapidly than those without it.
A new study from ANU found that sagittal crest size in male gorillas and orangutans is linked to their social behavior. Females prefer larger crests, indicating a possible form of social signalling related to sexual selection.
Researchers have discovered a new conducting additive, Super P carbon black (SPCB), that exhibits high capacity and cycling stability for reversible lithium and sodium ion storage. SPCB shows a higher capacity for lithium ion storage than sodium ion storage due to its reaction mechanism.
Researchers have found that giant larvaceans, tiny plankton that live in the upper 400 meters of the ocean, filter carbon particles at higher rates than any other zooplankton. These structures sink to the sea floor, significantly contributing to moving organic materials into deeper water.
The March for Science drew hundreds of thousands of participants worldwide to show support for scientific research and demand continued government funding. The event highlighted the importance of collaborative initiatives in advancing scientific progress.
Researchers found that wine-derived human gut metabolites are protective against neuronal death in human cells under stress conditions. The exact composition of these metabolites depends on the individual's gut microbiota, highlighting the importance of personalized nutrition in preventing neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at McGill University have discovered how specific bacterial enzymes, known as kinases, confer resistance to macrolide antibiotics. The study provides a detailed atomic view of the kinases and their interaction with different macrolide antibiotics, paving the way for the design of next-generation antibiotics.
A new study conducted at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center found that more than half of breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy lack necessary medical knowledge for high-quality decision-making about reconstructive surgery. Researchers emphasize the need for shared decision-making tools and patient-doctor commu...
A study led by the University of Bath discovered a distinct dinosaur fauna in Africa at the end of the Cretaceous period. The newly discovered species, Chenanisaurus barbaricus, was found in phosphate deposits in Morocco and is considered one of the last dinosaurs on Earth before its extinction.
A new report by RTI International highlights the significant treatment burden faced by younger women with breast cancer, who often receive more aggressive treatments and incur substantially higher costs. The study estimates that younger women cost $97,000 to treat annually, compared to $76,000 for older women.
The Plant-Biotic Interactions program aims to provide a deeper understanding of complex relationships between plants, microbes, and other organisms. Research funded through this program may lead to novel cropping systems that help plants thrive in extreme environments.
Researchers have designed a nickel catalyst that transforms unrefined hydrocarbons and CO2 into pure fatty acids at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This sustainable process has significant implications for the environment and could alleviate economic concerns in the production of fatty acids.
A new theory published in the journal Human Development proposes that adults can learn new skills and combat cognitive aging by adopting broad learning strategies similar to those used in infancy. By embracing open-minded learning, individualized scaffolding, growth mindset, forgiving environment, serious commitment to learning, and le...
A 35-year study of a protected alligator population has found that male and female alligators exhibit 'determinate growth,' stopping at some point after reaching sexual maturity. Females are reproductive far longer than previously thought, with one case reaching 46 years past onset of sexual maturity.
A training program on aging-related health improved police officers' empathy and skills to interact with older adults. Participants reported increased knowledge scores, including how to identify safety concerns during police interactions.
Researchers found that minimizing soil disturbance, ensuring permanent organic cover crops, and diversifying crops through crop rotation improved soil properties. These techniques created a beneficial environment for microorganisms, fungi, and earthworms, ultimately leading to increased crop productivity and reduced erosion.
Wild mice have highly-activated immune systems due to exposure to infections, with more activated myeloid cells compared to laboratory mice. The study's findings emphasize the importance of considering natural variability when interpreting research results.
Researchers found that CA2 maintains inhibition in connected networks, suppressing signaling and preventing hyperexcitability. Without CA2, mice experience epilepsy-like activity and seizures, highlighting the region's role in regulating brain balance.
A new special collection in Disease Models & Mechanisms (DMM) explores the intersection of models and mechanisms to therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. The collection includes articles on induced pluripotent stem cell models, antisense oligonucleotide therapy for spinal muscular atrophy, and more.
Researchers have discovered that doxycycline can reduce α-synuclein aggregation and improve symptoms in animal models of Parkinson's disease. This could lead to a potential treatment option for the degenerative condition.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine research team successfully flew a specialist to a stroke patient, improving outcomes and reducing costs. The study demonstrates the feasibility of helicopter-based care for time-sensitive procedures like catheter-based treatment.
Researchers found that in areas with high predation risk, fish differentiate into leaders and followers, leading to increased shoal cohesion. The study suggests that decision-making in social groups can adapt depending on ecological factors.