Research at Kumamoto University found that MCI patients exhibit weakened short-term face memorization ability and distinct gaze behavior when trying to recall faces. This study may lead to early detection of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease, which is characterized by cognitive decline in daily life.
Researchers discovered a significant cooling of Titan's polar atmosphere, contradicting model predictions and other celestial bodies. The study attributes this phenomenon to exotic photochemical reactions producing hydrocarbons that cool the atmosphere.
Researchers uncover DNA methylation marks that silence genes in corn, impacting trait expression and breeding. The study improves understanding of non-Mendelian inheritance mechanisms, shedding light on the disappearance of desired traits in crops.
Argonne National Laboratory researchers have developed several groundbreaking technologies, including an oil absorbent that can clean up sub-surface oil droplets and a proactive defense mechanism to enhance computer system security. The Oleo Sponge can absorb up to 90 times its weight in oil and is reusable, while the Multiple Operatin...
The Global Hyperaccumulator Database contains data on 721 species of plants capable of absorbing high amounts of metal compounds. The database aims to facilitate the identification and utilization of these hyperaccumulators for environmental cleanup, particularly in mining-affected areas.
A recent study by a University of Pennsylvania School found that wild bonobos are susceptible to various Plasmodium malaria parasites, including a previously unknown species. This discovery informs our understanding of the life cycle and transmission of malaria in humans.
Research reveals that fish continuously change which neighbor they pay attention to for seamless collective movement, challenging previous assumptions about coordination strategies. This finding has implications for optimizing and automating complex processes like swarms of drones.
A new study identifies a chimeric gene as the driver of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC), a rare and usually lethal liver cancer. The research offers prime targets for drugs to treat the disease, including kinases and cellular signaling systems. Researchers are now working to design therapeutics targeting these pathways.
The Cure Brain Cancer Foundation has awarded a $345,000 fellowship to Dr Ryan Cross to develop cancer-fighting immune T cells for brain cancer treatment. The research aims to improve patient survival rates and develop personalised treatments for children and adults with brain cancer.
A recent study from the University of Helsinki found that disordered eating among young adults has significant long-term negative health effects, including higher body weight, lower psychological wellbeing, and a lower self-evaluation of general health. Early recognition and treatment are crucial to mitigate these effects.
A new study published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science has investigated three common hydration methods for sniffer dogs. The research found that dogs drink more and are more hydrated when given a chicken-flavored electrolyte drink compared to plain water or electrolyte injections, making it a safe and effective hydration alternative.
A new analytical method developed at GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel shows that water penetrates significantly deeper into the Earth's crust than previously assumed. This finding is crucial for understanding the ocean's heat budget and volatiles in the crust.
The study identified five subgroups of eczema in children, with one-third resolving by age five and others persisting into adulthood. Genetic risk factors contribute to long-lasting eczema, highlighting the need for tailored treatments and clinical trial approaches.
A mathematical model published in PLOS Medicine estimates that reducing the PMI budget by 44% would result in 67 million more malaria cases over four years. Maintaining funding would prevent 162 million cases and save 692,589 lives between 2017 and 2020.
A study published in Climate of the Past found that climate changes played a significant role in triggering immigration from Southwest Germany to North America during the 19th century. The researchers identified major migration waves linked to extreme weather events, such as the 'year without summer', and found that climate was a major...
A study on an unusual snapping turtle with one lung found shared characteristics with humans born with one lung who survive beyond infancy. The researchers used digital 3D anatomical models to compare the architecture of the branching patterns inside the lungs and position of the lungs relative to the shell.
Research found that male triathletes are more likely to develop myocardial fibrosis, a scarring of the heart, due to excessive exercise. The study also showed that female triathletes were less prone to the condition.
New research reveals cinnamaldehyde's ability to induce thermogenesis in fat cells, improving metabolic health. The compound may offer a non-pharmacological approach to combating obesity and related health issues.
The new system will meet its successor, Forschungszentrum Jülich and the international IT company Atos have agreed at the SC17 supercomputing conference. Modular supercomputing is an idea conceived by Dr Lippert almost 20 years ago.
Researchers found that cell cycle proteins are crucial for releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in immune cells. This process helps to contain and eliminate fungal infections in mice and human cells.
Gold nanoparticles have been found to change cells in a specific size, potentially allowing for faster and more effective medication delivery. Researchers believe this technology could be used to target tissues or as imaging agents, but must be exact to avoid danger.
Researchers found a three-fold increase in biodiversity during the Ordovician Period, coinciding with a significant rise in oxygen levels. The study suggests that atmospheric oxygen levels did not reach modern levels for millions of years after the Cambrian explosion.
Researchers found that heart rate variability measured by an electrocardiogram indicated whether subjects had major depression or bipolar disorder. Patients with bipolar disorder had higher blood levels of inflammation biomarkers than those with major depression.
John C. Stier, associate dean at the University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, has been named a Fellow in the American Society of Agronomy, the highest recognition bestowed by the society. He is recognized for his career contributions to the turfgrass industry and his service as a professor and researcher.
African clawed frog Xenopus laevis study reveals that contrasting visual patterns affect the optokinetic reflex. The level of contrast determines motion perception efficiency, with brightly lit structures against a darker background allowing for better tracking.
A €34 million European research project aims to develop new diagnostic tests for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and identify those at risk of severe inflammation and liver scarring. The project, LITMUS, brings together clinicians, scientists, and pharmaceutical companies to develop and validate biomarkers for testing NAFLD.
Brain stimulation reveals that fronto-striatal circuits are essential for enjoying music. Researchers used TMS to manipulate these circuits, increasing or decreasing participants' liking of music and motivation to listen again.
A study by Brigham Young University researchers found that 90% of users reported increased motivation and confidence using mental and emotional health apps. The app-based interventions promote behavior change and can be an inexpensive way to increase self-efficacy for mental health.
A recent study published in The Lancet found that common shoulder surgery does not provide significant relief from pain for people with shoulder impingement. Despite being slightly more effective than no treatment, the difference was small and unlikely to result in noticeable symptoms.
Researchers found that vitamin D is effective in preventing the onset of inflammation but less effective once inflammatory disease is established. The study suggests that patients with rheumatoid arthritis may require higher doses of vitamin D or a new treatment to bypass vitamin D insensitivity in immune cells.
Researchers found that shark skin's dermal denticles develop from neural crest cells, just like teeth, supporting the theory that these primitive scales were carried into jawed vertebrates to form teeth. This discovery suggests a deep evolutionary relationship between ancient fish scales and vertebrate teeth.
Researchers at Cardiff University have developed a new method of engineering T-cells to attack cancer using CRISPR genome editing. This breakthrough enhances the T-cells' ability to recognize specific cancer cells and destroy them, offering new hope in the fight against various types of cancers.
The recovery of killer whales, sea lions, and harbor seals on the West Coast has led to a significant increase in their consumption of chinook salmon. This shift may now exceed the combined harvest by commercial and recreational fisheries, creating complex tradeoffs for conservation efforts.
The LAB-IN-A-BOX portable DNA barcoding kit enables rapid species identification, improving enforcement responses against wildlife trafficking and invasive species. This technology has the potential to greatly impact conservation efforts in developing countries.
A new study by University at Buffalo psychologist Julie Bowker suggests that unsociability, a form of non-fearful social withdrawal, is linked positively to creativity. The research findings indicate that individuals who enjoy spending time alone and engaging in solo activities may have the potential for enhanced creative thinking and ...
Scientists have successfully created the first continuous-wave lasing in an organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite semiconductor, which could be a crucial step towards developing electrically driven devices. By adjusting the material's temperature, they avoided a phenomenon known as lasing death and achieved over an hour of lasing.
A study examines infants' understanding of word relationships at 6 months old, finding they look longer at unrelated image pairs. The learning environment plays a crucial role in developing language comprehension in early childhood.
A pilot study of 15 individuals using oxycodone digital pills found that patients self-administered opioids for only a brief period and took a fraction of the prescribed dose. The technology may enable physicians to monitor adherence and identify escalating opioid use patterns, potentially reducing the risk of addiction.
A resident physician's experience with a deceased patient teaches her to approach relationships with empathy, rather than avoidance. This insight is gained through a difficult patient-case that highlights the complexities of human life and death.
A new study reveals that slight climate shifts can significantly affect the optimal water use of plant communities, with potential consequences for forests, grasslands, and deserts. The research uses a model to predict how rainfall is shared among plants, humans, and other factors in a changing climate.
A new study found that albatross populations have halved over the last 35 years on Bird Island due to environmental change and deaths in longline and trawl fisheries. Climate change and bycatch were found to be major contributors to this decline, with grey-headed albatrosses being particularly affected.
New research from the University of Birmingham suggests that rapid global warming could result in more extreme rainfall and flood events. The study found a four-fold increase in sediment delivery from land to the deep ocean during a 56 million-year-old event, likely caused by increased rainfall intensity.
A recent study has shed light on the causes of Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) by revealing how toxic alpha-synuclein clumps disrupt vital parts of neurons and spread through brain connections. The research, led by the University of Edinburgh, used advanced technology to visualize synapses in DLB brains.
Experts developed a streamlined approach to using Dexcom G5 Mobile Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) trend arrow data. The new tool helps individuals with diabetes adjust insulin doses more accurately, reducing dangerous fluctuations and long-term complications.
Physicists at Bielefeld University discovered a new material that can generate magnetic signals, known as 'spin currents', from heat, increasing efficiency. The researchers tested various combinations of thin films and found that materials with special electronic structures produced stronger spin currents.
Most blue whales exhibit a lateralization bias, being 'right-handed' or 'left-handed,' with most feeding movements involving 90-degree side rolls. However, researchers found that these whales become left-handed when swimming upward at a steep angle to approach prey near the surface.
Researchers found that certain microRNAs in saliva can accurately identify concussions and predict symptom duration. The study's findings suggest that measuring microRNAs could lead to a more fact-based diagnosis and treatment of concussion patients, ultimately improving care and outcomes.
A new three-year Qualitative Research Award from the Department of Defense will explore strategies used by veterans with spinal cord injury to succeed in the workplace. Researchers will compare data from Spinal Cord Injury Model System and Veterans Health Administration to identify barriers and success factors.
A study found that mirror-image Japanese land snails can overcome their physical barrier to mate in a face-to-face position. The researchers also discovered genetic similarities between the two types, suggesting they should be considered a single species.
A new study from Boston Children's Hospital suggests that eating allergenic foods during pregnancy can protect children from food allergies when breastfed. The research found that antibodies in breast milk transferred to offspring helped induce food tolerance, and the findings support recent guidelines rejecting advice to avoid highly ...
A Yale study finds that Zika infection triggers immune cells to attack neurons, causing paralysis and death in mice models lacking antiviral response. Suppressing the immune response might be an approach to treating Guillain-Barré syndrome, a condition affecting some people infected with Zika.
Researchers aim to understand how TNF works to reduce inflammation and develop more precise treatment options for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The study builds on previous research demonstrating TNF's dual role in promoting and reducing inflammation.
A recent study using MRI has uncovered a common pattern of structural abnormalities in the brains of people with depression and social anxiety. The research found that both conditions share similar clinical symptoms, suggesting they may have similar brain mechanisms. Cortical thickening in certain regions was observed in patients with ...
Researchers have obtained detailed maps of Pine Island Glacier, the fastest melting glacier in Antarctica, using radar surveys and snowmobiles. The findings show a surprisingly diverse landscape under the ice, with mountains and deep scour marks that will influence the flow and behavior of the ice.
The Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden Scale (ACB) is associated with increased risk of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and incident dementia in older adults. High ACB scores are linked to a dose-response relationship between anticholinergic burden and adverse clinical outcomes.
Postpartum depression affects women differently than anticipated, with factors including societal expectations and stigma surrounding mental illness. Dr. Frankhouser's autoethnographic study aims to raise awareness and promote understanding, encouraging physicians to provide compassionate care and support.
Researchers discovered that alkali flies have developed a dense hair layer to reduce water loss in the highly alkaline environment. The flies' cuticular hydrocarbons also play a crucial role in protecting them from dehydration.
The NSF grant will enable Lehigh to acquire an E-XPS instrument, giving researchers unparalleled access to surface elemental composition and chemical state information. This capability will overcome limitations of traditional XPS instrumentation, advancing the fundamental science and design of advanced functional materials.
A subset analysis of the FLAURA trial found that osimertinib improved progression-free survival by 16.5 months compared to 11.0 months with standard therapy in Asian patients with EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer, resulting in a hazard ratio of 0.54.
This special focus issue of Future Oncology explores current and future image-guided interventions in oncology, including techniques such as fluorescence and optical imaging. The issue aims to provide a platform for researchers and clinicians to discuss recent advances in radiotherapy and personalized treatment approaches.