New research suggests that plant respiration could be up to 30% higher than previously estimated, leading to reduced ability of the Earth's land surface to absorb fossil fuel-related emissions. This finding has significant implications for modeling carbon cycles and understanding the impact of climate change.
Hybrid mixed matrix membranes show resilience to industrial gas impurities, allowing effective CO2 capture. This finding is crucial for natural gas sweetening and post-combustion carbon capture applications.
Research reveals high degrees of wealth-based inequality led to unstable ancient societies, contrasting with modern expectations.
Researchers identified a potential drug to protect brain cells after ischemic stroke by mimicking the cellular changes of hibernating ground squirrels. The compound, ebselen, boosts SUMOylation and keeps brain cells alive in the absence of oxygen and glucose.
Recent research from the University of Leicester suggests that frequent feedback between formal appraisals and good prior planning and communication of standards can make performance appraisals successful and appreciated by employees. This synergistic relationship shows that feedback has a greater effect when standard setting is good.
Researchers at Kyushu University developed a device harnessing near-infrared light to drive the water-splitting reaction and produce hydrogen gas efficiently. This breakthrough enables a broader spectrum of light to be harvested, including UV, visible, and NIR, increasing the potential for clean energy storage.
Researchers used NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale mission data and computer simulations to investigate the small-scale physics of plasma tornadoes at Earth's magnetosphere borders. They found that these tornadoes are extremely efficient at transporting charged particles into the magnetosphere.
Researchers discovered that tumor metabolism damages naïve T-cells, affecting cancer immunity and immunotherapy. The study suggests targeting lactate pathway to improve immunotherapy effectiveness.
Research findings emphasize the importance of measuring and maintaining aerobic fitness to reduce CHD risk. Moderate to high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness provide significant protection against CHD death, regardless of blood TG:HDL ratio.
A study of prairie vole relationships finds that males who drink alone spend less time with their partner, whereas those who drink together or not at all huddle longer. This suggests that discordant drinking can directly affect prairie voles' relationships.
A theoretical physicist at Goethe University Frankfurt proposes using magnetic sails to decelerate interstellar spacecraft, enabling them to collect data from nearby stars and planets. The concept involves creating a strong magnetic field that reflects ionized hydrogen in the interstellar medium, slowing down the probe.
Researchers at Northwestern University have captured on video the collision and fusion of organic nanoparticles for the first time. This unprecedented view enables scientists to study dynamic phenomena in nanoscale materials systems.
Researchers developed an eDNA assay to detect invasive freshwater clam Corbicula, finding it in four out of 11 lakes where it already existed. The test revealed the location and abundance of clams, confirming its potential for monitoring new populations and preventing ecosystem degradation.
Tropical Depression 31W is developing in the South China Sea with cloud tops reaching minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating potential heavy rainfall. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center expects 31W to strengthen into a tropical storm by Nov 18 and make landfall in southeastern Vietnam on Nov 19.
Research found that large mammals are 146% more likely to use wildlife crossing structures than pass at random in surrounding habitat. White-tailed deer and mule deer were particularly frequent users of underpasses, while carnivorous species moved similarly through passages as they would naturally.
A major international study found that vaginal progesterone administration to women with a mid-trimester sonographic short cervix reduces the rate of preterm birth at various gestational ages. The study also shows a reduction in neonatal complications, including very low birth weight and associated mortality.
Researchers used fossil records to infer a semidesertic environment in the Iberian Peninsula during the middle Miocene. The study analyzed body sizes of mammalian species to reveal a dry climate with high precipitation seasonality.
A study found that male ring-tailed lemurs' stink-flirting displays may influence females in choosing a mate and could be an alternative mating strategy, despite being met with aggression and potential physical harm.
Semiconducting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can significantly reduce crosstalk-induced noise in carbon nanotube-based VLSI interconnects. By acting as insulating shields, CNTs inhibit carrier movement and lower the radial dielectric constant, resulting in a 28% reduction of crosstalk.
A new study from the University of Illinois found that taking a 20-minute walk in nature with moms and daughters can improve their interactions and reduce mental fatigue. The research supports the attention restoration theory, which suggests that interaction with natural environments can restore attentional functioning.
A study found that first-grade students showed improvements in speed and balance over a decade, while endurance performance remained stable. In contrast, boys' endurance decreased compared to girls of the same age.
A new University of Washington study reveals that human fishing seasons disproportionately target certain fish, altering life history patterns and reducing population diversity. This can have significant impacts on the ability of fish to adapt to climate change.
The University of Copenhagen's new Collaborative Research Programme in Biomedical Innovation Law (CeBIL) aims to translate groundbreaking biomedical research into affordable therapies. CeBIL will study novel legal frameworks for drug development incentives and regulations, taking into account patient needs and market complexities.
Scientists at the Marine Biological Laboratory developed a technique using mirrored cover slips to improve the speed and efficiency of light-sheet microscopy. The method doubles the speed of the microscope and markedly improves its efficiency, useful for imaging fast-moving biological processes.
Researchers explored predictors of maternal supportive behavior during emotional challenges, revealing a time-lagged association between child's aversive behavior and mom's less supportive response.
The ESMO International Consortium Study found dramatic disparities in access to anti-cancer medications, even among essential medicines recommended by the World Health Organization. In Lower Middle- and Low-Income countries, many essential medications are available only at full cost, limiting accessibility.
A new study found that only a quarter of UK adults understand the connection between weight issues and cancer, despite obesity being linked to 13 types of cancer. The study also highlighted misconceptions about cancer types linked to obesity and the impact of socio-economic background on awareness.
Research identifies young men, extroverted or neurotic people, and frequent drivers as more likely to report distraction while driving. The study proposes tailored interventions for high-risk groups, including young males with bad attitudes towards distracted driving.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new approach to increase the conductivity of organic semiconductors, which could lead to more widespread use of organic electronics. The breakthrough involves using a ruthenium-containing compound that adds electrons to the semiconductor, increasing its conductivity by about a millio...
A study by Indiana University researchers found that expanding the geographic range of donated kidneys could save lives and increase kidney transplants. The analysis showed an expected annual increase in procured organs ranging from 58 to 174, depending on regional sharing.
A University of Guelph professor has identified a protein called cadherin-22 as crucial in the spread of cancer cells. The discovery could lead to new treatments by hindering the protein's function, reducing adhesion and invasion rates by up to 90%.
The heat-treated EF-2001 β-glucan exhibited antioxidative potential, anti-tumor activities, and immune-enhancing response in mice. Lymphocyte and polymorphonuclear leukocyte ratio increased upon treatment with EF-2001.
A team of scientists created a new catalyst that activates oxidation processes in low-reactive components of oil and gas, producing valuable products such as acids and alcohols. The researchers discovered the possibility of targeted production of pentanuclear products, which are stable in both solid and solution states.
A new study demonstrates the use of carefully crafted, ultrafast light pulses to control neuron activity in mice. This technique, called coherent control, could one day help patients with light-sensitive circadian or mood problems by regulating chemical reactions and ion flow.
The INQNET research program aims to develop scalable quantum computing infrastructure through the creation of a quantum network and investigation of fundamental challenges in quantum science. The first phase of the Fermilab quantum network teleportation experiment (FQNET) is expected to produce results by late spring.
The ALEX study shows alectinib 600 mg is more effective than standard of care crizotinib in Asian patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive non-small-cell lung cancer. Progression-free survival was longer with alectinib compared to crizotinib in both Asian and non-Asian populations.
A team of scientists from Rice, UCLA, Michigan State, and UNM discovered a significant enrichment of heavy nitrogen molecules in the Earth's atmosphere. This finding suggests that life on Earth is locked in a tug-of-war with the deep Earth and upper atmosphere over the presence of these rare molecules.
Researchers found that chimpanzees delay eating food placed on replica feces, recoil from soft and moist substrates, and hesitate after touching them. These reactions suggest that chimpanzees have an adaptive system of disgust, similar to humans, which helps protect them from pathogens and parasites.
A study by Haris Majeed and Professor G.W.K. Moore found a correlation between declining summer sunshine and rising Rickets cases among British children, with median incidences doubling between 1997 and 2011.
Climate change is altering Scotland's seabirds' diet, with European Shags increasing their diversity of fish prey. Warmer waters signal changes in sandeel availability and hunting habits, potentially impacting conservation efforts.
Researchers found that astrocytes in AD patients produced more beta-amyloid and cytokines, leading to brain inflammation and weakened neurons. Astrocyte function alterations may play a key role in early AD stages and neurodegeneration.
Researchers from Bielefeld University discover a protein called AtGRP7 that regulates daily cycles in plant cells. The study reveals the 'auxiliary clock' plays a crucial role in synchronizing cellular processes with environmental changes.
Researchers from Sweden propose a new theory on the Chernobyl disaster, suggesting a nuclear explosion preceded a steam explosion. The theory is supported by observations of debris and weather conditions.
A new study at Boston Medical Center is testing a two-part intervention to engage parents in early intervention services and training. The goal is to improve social communication skills, development, and reduce ASD symptoms in children with autism.
A new study by Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute found that chloroquine, an anti-malarial drug, reduces the transmission of Zika virus from mother to fetus. The research suggests that chloroquine may be effective in treating and preventing Zika infections.
Researchers found that a multi-spectral camera mounted on a quad-copter provided more accurate results than a digital camera, with over 93% accuracy in estimating plant populations. The study aims to improve crop monitoring efficiency and profitability for farmers.
A mathematician's study on 'swarmalators' reveals new class of math problems, finding rich patterns in time and space through coupling of synchronization and swarming. This research opens doors for various parts of science, exploring new areas and possibilities.
A study by Rutgers University researchers suggests that gut bacteria at a young age contributes to the onset and progression of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The study found that genetically engineered mice exposed to normal environment developed MS-like disease, highlighting the role of gut bacteria in triggering immune system changes.
A new study by Duke University researchers found that people at-risk for anxiety were less likely to develop the disorder if they had higher activity in a region of the brain responsible for complex mental operations. Higher functioning dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may buffer against worsening anxiety.
A new study found that higher biodiversity in forests leads to faster tree growth, increased carbon storage, and improved pest resistance. Forest managers can simultaneously improve multiple ecosystem functions without negatively affecting each other.
A team of computer scientists developed a novel computational system to aid the design and fabrication of wind-up toys. The new method automates the construction of intricate mechanical assemblies, resulting in more compact mechanisms that consume less energy.
A Chinese research team used the Sunway TaihuLight to simulate a devastating 1976 Tangshan earthquake. The simulation created detailed 3D visualizations and informed engineering standards for buildings in seismic zones.
Researchers found that seagrass meadows are globally extensive fishing habitats, with significant impact on daily food supply and livelihoods in developing countries. The study highlights the need for recognition of seagrass habitats' value in supporting fisheries.
Researchers found plant respiration releases 30% more carbon dioxide than previously estimated, posing a significant threat to the Earth's ability to absorb fossil fuel emissions. The study's findings are based on comprehensive data from over 10,000 measurements and suggest that as temperatures rise, plant respiration will increase sig...
Researchers at Ohio State University describe a new semiconductor LED made with GaN-based materials that could enhance LED solid state lighting without significant changes to manufacturing facilities. The breakthrough uses quantum-mechanical tunneling to create 'holes' for radiative recombination, reducing energy losses and self-heating.
A landmark study by Australian-Italian researchers shows that oscillations, or 'strobes', are a general feature of human perception. This discovery has profound implications for understanding human behavior and decision-making.
Researchers analyzing data from the HAWC gamma-ray observatory suggest that excess positrons may originate from dark matter annihilation or decay. The study's findings indicate that positrons generated by nearby pulsars cannot reach Earth, leading to the conclusion of an exotic origin.
Western University researchers have found a high prevalence of bone lesions in the feet of 19th-Century Dutch farmers who wore wooden shoes, also known as klompen. The study suggests that these shoes were partly to blame for the injuries and trauma suffered by the farmers.
Prior Zika infection protects against reinfection during pregnancy in mice, according to new research published in PLOS Pathogens. Protective antibodies from previous infection defend against reinfection, reducing Zika RNA levels and fetal risk.
Researchers developed a predictive tool to accurately estimate cardiac risks for older patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. The 'Geriatric-Sensitive Perioperative Cardiac Risk Index' considers age-specific risk factors and significantly outperforms traditional tools.