Researchers at UT Austin uncover a previously unknown Greek copy of the First Apocalypse of James, a heretical Christian text describing Jesus' secret teachings to his brother. The discovery sheds light on the forbidden writings that were thought to be lost until now.
Researchers found that weight loss, particularly severe unintentional weight loss, increases the risk of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In contrast, healthy weight gain has no effect on mortality risk for these patients.
Researchers at Kent State University analyzed primate brains to identify differences in dopamine-related gene expression, finding that humans have more tyrosine hydroxylase interneurons than other species. This discovery suggests that the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a crucial role in defining human brain function and evolution.
Researchers discovered effective weed control methods using EPTC, flumioxazin and napropamide to manage yellow nutsedge and black medic in winter strawberry crops. However, none of the studied herbicides adequately suppressed Carolina geranium, with halosulfuron causing significant injury to strawberry plants.
The American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) has announced 67 new Fellows, recognizing their significant and sustained impact on the discipline of cell biology. The honor is bestowed by peers and acknowledges not only outstanding scientific contributions but also service to ASCB and its missions.
Researchers have created a novel system that enables aggregates composed of magnetized particles to roll along a channel using a combined acoustic and magnetic field. The system has shown promise for delivering drugs to hard-to-reach sites within the body, with potential applications in cancer treatment.
A new study suggests that an American Cancer Society program has been effective in promoting improvements in colorectal cancer screening rates in federally qualified health centers. Funded FQHCs increased their CRC screening rates significantly more than nonfunded FQHCs, with increases of 8.7% and 12.7% over three years.
The 'I am Human' audio tour re-tells the story of Joseph Merrick, the so-called 'Elephant Man', through a free smartphone app. The tour explores the relationship between Merrick and Frederick Treves, offering insights into medical care in Victorian Whitechapel.
A Cancer Research UK-funded study found that combining anti-CD27 and anti-CD20 antibodies increases life expectancy in mice with cancer by nearly doubling the median survival time. The combination recruits more immune cells and enhances their ability to destroy cancer cells, offering a promising new approach to treating lymphoma.
African populations show a higher degree of genetic complexity in skin pigmentation as latitude decreases, with an increasing number of unknown genes contributing to variation. The study found that stabilizing selection takes over at lower latitudes, leading to more diverse skin colors.
Researchers identify barriers to applying international guidelines, citing unique challenges such as younger age at presentation and lack of national breast screening programmes. The need for specific regional guidelines was agreed upon by 90.6% of survey responders.
Female horseflies can identify dark cows among equally dark patches using polarized light reflected from their smooth coats. This allows them to detect host animals more efficiently in sunny conditions.
Researchers found that fasudil, a drug that inhibits Rho kinase, promotes goal-directed behavior in mice by pruning dendritic spines, a process involved in learning new behaviors. The treatment showed promise in reducing cocaine self-administration and could be an effective adjunct to cognitive behavioral therapy for treating drug abuse.
A new research agenda, malERA Refresh, has been established to accelerate progress towards malaria elimination and global eradication. The initiative focuses on innovation and integrated approaches to tackle the challenges of resistance, transmission dynamics, and ecological balance.
A five-week exercise program based on Zumba Fitness improved the quality of life of inactive university workers, especially their emotional well-being. The benefits persisted for up to two months after the program ended.
Researchers developed a method to quickly and accurately identify people and cell lines from their DNA. The technology can flag mislabeled or contaminated cell lines in cancer experiments, potentially speeding up the discovery of new treatments.
Researchers at Tufts University have discovered a new method for directly converting methane into methanol using a heterogeneous catalyst and low-cost molecular oxygen. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient and cost-effective production of chemicals, fuels, and high-grade hydrogen.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen developed a new vaccine technique that can fight HER2-positive breast cancer in mice with a 50-100% prevention rate. The vaccine works by inducing large amounts of antibodies targeted at cancer cells, preventing tumors from developing and slowing down cancer progression.
A study by University of Oxford researchers found that puffin colonies traveling great distances during winter often face difficulty breeding due to environmental factors like competition and habitat quality. The study provides new insights into seabird migration behaviors, highlighting the costs associated with long-distance travel.
A global longitudinal study confirmed that people with high body mass index (BMI) are more likely to develop dementia than those with normal weight. The study analyzed data from over 1.3 million adults in the US and Europe, finding that individuals near dementia onset tend to have lower body weight.
A phase 2b clinical trial of a novel HIV vaccine regimen has begun in southern Africa, aiming to reduce the incidence of HIV infection. The mosaic vaccine, developed by researchers at the Ragon Institute, is designed to respond to various viral strains and address genetic diversity.
A team of Army scientists published new findings on modeling insights into battery electrolyte structure and stability, highlighting the importance of tailoring electrolytes to support fast and reversible lithium transport. The research aims to improve battery efficiency and lifespan.
Researchers focus on cell motility in cancer, a key characteristic of malignant tumors. They aim to control the motility of cells using existing drugs and develop new therapeutic strategies.
Research reveals that bone marrow-derived cells contribute to lung cancer progression by stimulating the production of specific neutrophils. These neutrophils exhibit increased expression of genes associated with tumor-promoting processes, leading to worse patient survival in a small study.
Researchers have discovered that a high concentration of coccolithophores and diatoms thrive in the Great Calcite Belt, driven by nutrient levels, sea surface temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration. The bloom plays a crucial role in global carbon cycle models and highlights the complexity of phytoplankton ecology.
A new study reveals that HIV drug resistance is on the rise, particularly among individuals in low- to middle-income countries, where 11.1% of those starting therapy have resistant virus strains. The research highlights the importance of improving monitoring and response strategies to combat this growing threat.
Researchers at Rice University and MD Anderson Cancer Center use fluorescent carbon nanotube probes to locate specific tumors in the body. The noninvasive technique achieved first in vivo success in detecting small concentrations of nanotubes inside rodents with high accuracy.
The National Institute of Food and Agriculture's Beginning Farmer and Rancher Development Program provides training, education, and technical assistance to attract diverse groups into farming and ranching. The program aims to help farmers and ranchers establish successful enterprises and increase their chances of survival.
Researchers funded by Morris Animal Foundation have made a breakthrough in treating feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a fatal viral disease affecting cats. A clinical trial with 20 client-owned cats showed that most can be put into remission quickly, but achieving long-term remission is challenging.
Researchers at LMU Munich create a new mode of electron microscopy that enables the observation of fundamental interactions between light and matter in real time and space. The technique uses attosecond pulse trains to monitor ultrafast processes initiated by light oscillations onto matter, allowing for sub-atomic resolution.
A study found that younger ophthalmologists were more likely to be associated with patient complaints compared to their older colleagues. The Vanderbilt University Medical Center's Patient Advocacy Reporting System was used to analyze patient complaints between 2002 and 2015.
Researchers have discovered a faster method for estimating large earthquake magnitudes by analyzing 'elasto-gravity' signals, which travel at the speed of light. These signals consistently arrive before seismic wave counterparts, allowing for near-real-time magnitude detection and more accurate estimates.
A report by the American College of Cardiology recommends prioritizing US resources toward detecting and treating cardiovascular disease, while maintaining efforts to eradicate infectious diseases. The report aims to save lives and contribute to worldwide economic prosperity through a strong global health strategy.
A recent study published in the journal Genetics found that genetic differences can greatly impact how individuals respond to different diets. The researchers used four groups of animal models with unique genetic traits to test the effectiveness of various diets, including American-style, Mediterranean, Japanese, and ketogenic diets.
The article examines the persistence of continuous electronic fetal monitoring as a standard of care, despite evidence that it increases risks. It also discusses the lack of mechanisms for ensuring medical professionals stay current with best practices and the role of malpractice law in setting boundaries on acceptable interventions.
Researchers have observed weak gravity signals related to earthquakes and found they are sensitive to the magnitude of quakes. These signals may aid in early identification of major earthquakes.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have identified a novel drug combination that can prime nonsmall cell lung cancers to respond better to immunotherapy. The treatment, which combines a demethylating drug with an HDAC inhibitor, triggered a chemical cascade that increased the attraction of immune cells to fight tumors an...
A University of Missouri team is investigating the effectiveness of flipped instruction in Missouri high school algebra classrooms, with a focus on how teachers use technology to support student learning. The researchers aim to identify the most successful strategies for teaching math using this approach.
A new report highlights how the King's Sierra Leone Partnership joined forces with local mental health professionals to improve psychiatric healthcare during the 2014 Ebola outbreak. The partnership created a nurse-led mental health and psychosocial support service, strengthening skills of non-specialist nurses, which led to the establ...
A new research agenda for malaria elimination and eradication has been laid out in a collection of review articles, outlining six key areas of research. The malERA effort aims to accelerate malaria elimination and transform the global malaria community's ability to eradicate it.
Researchers from Helmholtz Munich used computer analysis to study IgG antibodies and reveal new steps in the glycosylation pathway. The findings confirmed predictions made by an algorithm and were replicated using genome-wide association studies and laboratory experiments.
Research published in the Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology found that over 40% of type 1 diabetes cases occur after age 30, and many adults are initially misdiagnosed with type 2. Type 1 diabetes requires insulin treatment to control blood sugar levels, while type 2 can often be managed with diet and medication.
Researchers develop biomimetic drive elements inspired by pine cones, which can open and close without energy consumption. The goal is to optimize building energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The HPTN 084 study enrolls 3,200 HIV-uninfected women in seven countries to test the safety and efficacy of a long-acting injectable cabotegravir compared to daily oral TDF/FTC. The study aims to increase HIV prevention choices for women, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where they bear a disproportionate burden.
Researchers investigate pretreatment with etanercept to manage post-treatment inflammation in neurocysticercosis, a major cause of epilepsy worldwide. Etanercept suppresses inflammatory pathways involved in treatment-induced inflammation.
A VCU-led study found that individuals who exhibit sadistic tendencies are more likely to seek revenge against those who have wronged them. The research identified a multidimensional link between physical aggression, impulsivity, and aggressive pleasure in relation to revenge-seeking behavior.
A collection of over 200 fossilized pterosaur eggs is providing new insights into the species' development, with some containing embryonic remains up to 2 years old. The findings suggest that newborn pterosaurs needed parental care and likely participated in colonial nesting behavior.
A new study challenges previous estimates of US livestock methane emissions, suggesting a significant discrepancy between top-down and bottom-up approaches. The researchers used a spatially explicit approach to estimate enteric methane emissions for cattle and manure methane emissions for swine and poultry.
A study by Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University researchers found that solar radio emissions can degrade 5G network transmissions by up to 15% in hot weather. However, effective communication links are possible at distances of up to 134 meters indoors and 110 meters outdoors, even in hilly urban areas.
Kinase inhibitors show promise in treating various types of blood and lung cancers by blocking overactive enzymes that control cell growth. Researchers identified new target structures for drugs, including the kinase MELK, which is linked to poor prognosis in lung cancer.
A study published in the American Journal of Human Genetics reveals that earlobe attachment is influenced by an interplay of at least 49 genes. This complex genetics challenges traditional teaching methods, which often focus on dominant and recessive genes.
A new study using advanced MRI techniques has discovered disrupted brain connectivity in obese adolescents, affecting regions involved in appetite regulation. The findings suggest a possible underlying cause for the rising rates of childhood obesity and its associated health risks.
A study published in Addiction found that low- and high-volume prescribers both play a significant role in opioid prescriptions, challenging the focus on 'pill mill' doctors. The study also identified other high-risk patient groups, such as concomitant users and chronic high-dose users, who pose a greater public health threat.
A new study found that stressed newborn babies exhibit a heightened brain response to pain, but their behavior remains unaffected. This dissociation between brain activity and behavior has implications for pain assessment in infants.
By forcing light to go through a smaller gap, researchers have increased its intensity and allowed photons to interact more strongly over a short distance. This technology brings optical processing closer to electrical transistors, potentially solving the problem of nonlinear optics and enabling faster, more efficient computers.
Scientists found that parasitic nematodes use odors from host mice as cues to position themselves where they have a higher chance of being eaten. The worms are attracted to fresh mouse feces and can migrate towards new hosts based on odorants produced by mammalian skin, feces, or urine.
A Loyola University Chicago study has identified the protein bicaudal D2, which facilitates the trafficking and nuclear import of HIV-1 genomes during infection. This finding raises the possibility of developing a drug that would prevent HIV-1 from binding to bicaudal D2.
Researchers propose using gravitational wave experiments to detect merger events at redshifts greater than 40, which could indicate the presence of primordial black holes or non-Gaussianity in the early universe. A detection would bolster theories about dark matter, while a non-detection would cast doubt.
Researchers at the University of Houston have developed a new way to understand how the brain controls walking in complex environments. Using brain-body imaging and motion capture technology, they identified specific areas of the brain involved in locomotion, including the posterior parietal lobe and sensorimotor cortex.
Australian researchers have developed a new risk scoring system for children with leukaemia based on missing DNA fragments or 'microdeletions'. The study tested 475 patients and found that the new score is more accurate than the current approach, allowing doctors to better predict relapse risk.
The University of Huddersfield and STFC are working on the RF distribution system for Europe's €1.8 billion European Spallation Source, a particle accelerator expected to be in full use by 2023. The project aims to produce high-intensity neutrons for atomic-level investigations of materials.
A new dual-purpose drug delivery device, SCHIELD, aims to provide long-acting contraception and HIV prevention for women in low- and middle-income countries. The device, set to be launched in Kenya and South Africa, has the potential to improve health outcomes and empower women.
A study found that microRNA-31 accelerates intestinal stem cell growth, potentially leading to bowel cancer. The molecule's levels increased after radiation exposure, suggesting a role in regeneration, while also promoting tumor growth.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have developed a targeted treatment that can prevent the spread of pancreatic cancer and protect the heart from damage. The treatment, which involves using an mTOR kinase inhibitor, has shown promise in reducing disease progression and cardiac impairment in patients with certain types of tumors.
Recent studies present promising methods for early HIV identification and treatment, including self-testing and expanding antiretroviral therapy eligibility. Researchers also explore curing HIV using stem cell transplantation and discuss the ongoing growth of the Russian HIV epidemic.
Researchers found that mindfulness training and therapy can mitigate the decline in cognitive abilities and impulse control associated with prison time. The study revealed that inmates who participated in CBT and mindfulness exercises showed significant improvements in emotion recognition and impulse control compared to those in a cont...
Grade school children from low-income homes have significantly smaller vocabularies compared to their peers, with a 10% difference in word learning, leading to long-term academic implications. The study suggests that increasing vocabulary through oral methods and visualizing sentence relationships can be effective interventions.
Researchers at the German Cancer Research Center have found that papillomaviruses associated with UV light can promote the development of non-melanoma skin cancer. The viruses affect the stability of host cell DNA, leading to accumulation of UV-related damage. This link has been previously underinvestigated in human biopsies.
A study by University of Illinois researchers found that individuals with higher news media literacy are less likely to endorse conspiracy theories. The study surveyed nearly 400 participants and found that those who know more about the news media are less susceptible to conspiracy theories, regardless of their political affiliation.
A new study identified CRF1 as a master regulator of mast cell activity during stressful challenges, including psychological stress and anaphylaxis. The study showed that mice lacking CRF1 expression were protected against disease, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for treating stress-related diseases.
A clinical trial shows FMT capsules are 96-per-cent effective in treating C. difficile infections, similar to colonoscopy. The pill-based treatment is non-invasive, inexpensive, and has no risks associated with sedation.
Researchers found that SIRT1 stabilizes a mechanism preventing immune cell toxic effects, but its loss accelerates glycolysis and cytokine production. This understanding led to potential new drug targets to strengthen or weaken SIRT1, potentially countering age-related diseases.
Despite losing some 108 square kilometers of forest between 2001-2014, Mozambique's Niassa National Reserve has the potential to support large elephant populations. The reserve supports tens of thousands of elephants and 1,000 lions, making it one of the few places remaining on the planet with large wildlife populations.
The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America published a new guidance document for hospitals to respond to infectious disease outbreaks. The document emphasizes the role of healthcare epidemiologists in emergency preparedness and response, providing medical and technical expertise and leading infection prevention efforts.
A new study published in Archives of Toxicology shows that common combinations of low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (LMW PAHs) can help spark the development of cancer, even if each chemical is not known to cause cancer alone.
A recent study has created the first atlas of head and neck cancer, revealing the unique structural transition involving cancer cells and normal cells that allows tumors to spread. This finding may have implications for other common cancers as well.
A new guideline for discharge opioid prescriptions after inpatient general surgical procedures could significantly reduce opioid prescriptions. The guideline, developed by researchers at Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, recommends prescribing a certain number of opioids based on the patient's usage the day before discharge.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that cigarette smokers are 10 times more likely to use marijuana on a daily basis. The strongest relationship between cigarette smoking and daily cannabis use is among 12 to 17 year olds, who are 50 times more likely to be daily cannabis users than non-smokers.
Researchers found a significant increase in GABA levels and disrupted balance between neurotransmitters in the brains of smartphone- and internet-addicted teenagers. Cognitive behavioral therapy improved these imbalances, suggesting a potential treatment pathway for addiction.
Rutgers psychologists discover that confronting people about bigoted statements can lead to a lasting reduction in prejudice. Confrontation causes individuals to feel bad and consciously avoid repeating such statements, with effects persisting even a week after the initial encounter.
The first large-scale clinical trial of a long-acting injectable medication for HIV prevention in sexually active women has begun. The study will examine whether a long-acting form of the investigational anti-HIV drug cabotegravir can safely protect women at risk for HIV infection.
A team of researchers has successfully recreated Hofstadter's butterfly using quantum simulators, enabling the simulation of exotic electronic conduction properties. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new materials with unique properties.
A recent study found that antibiotics like ciprofloxacin can directly alter the biochemical environment of mouse immune cells during infection, making it harder for them to kill bacteria. This change in environment also led to increased resistance to antibiotics in E. coli bacteria.
Researchers have identified a genetically distinct subpopulation of patients with glioblastoma that is particularly sensitive to drugs like cilengitide. The strategy uses a gene profile alone to predict which tumors are susceptible to αvβ3 blockade, offering a new therapeutic target for precision medicine in brain cancer treatment. Thi...
Tropical Cyclone Ockhi formed in the Northern Indian Ocean after powerful thunderstorms wrapped into its center from the north. The storm was predicted to move northwest and eventually make landfall near Mumbai on Dec. 5.
Scientists at UW-Madison create novel molecular treatment for Friedreich's ataxia, a rare genetic disorder caused by DNA repeats. The 'molecular prosthesis' helps cellular machinery overcome the blockade posed by repeats, restoring expression of the frataxin protein.
Research indicates that being overweight or obese can lead to poorer RA treatment outcomes and higher mortality risk. Studies show that patients with healthy weights are more likely to achieve remission, while those who are overweight or obese face a 25-47% lower chance of sustained remission despite similar treatments.
Researchers at The University of Tokyo's Institute of Industrial Science have developed a semi-transparent solar cell that absorbs red and blue light while letting green through. The new material, based on perovskite, is able to retain an impressive power conversion efficiency of around 10% despite being made much thinner.
A team of scientists used supercomputers to explore the optical properties of plasmonic nanovesicles, which could lead to breakthroughs in cancer treatment and studying the nervous system. The researchers designed golden nanopills that can be triggered by laser light to release drugs or molecules.
A six-year program will provide multidisciplinary training to tackle urban and industrial runoff challenges and promote ecofriendly approaches to managing water and residual effluents. The grant supports INRS' Decontamination and Reclamation research area and ties in with NSERC's priority fields of environmental science and technology.
Researchers studied African populations, finding a high degree of variability in skin pigmentation that cannot be explained by just a few genes. The study suggests that multiple genes contribute to the process, with variations increasing near the equator.
Researchers have identified a communication network between lung tumors and bone marrow that contributes to tumor progression. Tumors activate osteoblasts in the bone marrow, leading to the production of immune cells that promote cancer growth.
Researchers have developed a method to detect hydrohalite, a substance that forms on treated icy roads and cannot be removed by conventional salting. Using Raman instruments fitted with lasers, trucks can identify the presence of hydrohalite and switch to alternative de-icers, making roads safer for users.
Researchers at Clemson University used a simple computer model to calculate the elastic properties of amorphous diamond, a new form of diamond with varying fractions of sp3-bonded carbon. The results show that this new substance retains desirable mechanical properties similar to crystalline diamond.
A new study sheds light on the origin of the SARS virus, finding that genetic recombination between viral strains in bats may have produced the direct evolutionary ancestor of the strain that caused a deadly outbreak. The study also identified strains capable of entering human cells.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center have shown that chemotherapy-generated debris can stimulate tumor growth, but resolvins can suppress this effect. The findings offer a novel treatment approach to prevent cancer recurrence.
The phase III clinical trial showed that fremanezumab reduced the number of headache days by an average of 4.3 days with quarterly treatment and 4.6 days with monthly treatment. The therapy also demonstrated a favorable safety profile, with most common adverse event being irritation at injection site.
Recent genomic analyses have flipped between whether sponges or comb jellies are the oldest lineage of living animals. New research by Professor Davide Pisani reveals that sponges are the most ancient lineage, with models that describe the data poorly favouring comb jellies and those that better describe the data favouring sponges.
Researchers have demonstrated a new method to produce biotemplated nanoswimmers using bacterial flagella as templates, overcoming high startup costs of traditional approaches. The nanorobots can perform nearly as well as living bacteria and show potential for targeted cancer therapeutics and electronics applications.
New research suggests that stressed newborns may not display typical pain behavior despite increased brain activity in response to pain. The study found a disconnect between brain wave patterns and behavioral responses in stressed babies, highlighting the need for alternative methods to assess infant pain.
Researchers studied brain activity of patients with PTSD using EEG tests and found enhanced responses to deviant tones, correlating with poorer cognitive performance on memory tests. This study may lead to the development of a new neurobiological marker for PTSD diagnosis and assessment of treatment outcomes.
Researchers at Tsinghua University and Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications have successfully demonstrated entanglement-based quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) over 500m optical fibers. The system uses novel fiber-based quantum light sources to generate polarization entangled Bell states, enabling secure informat...
A study published in Brain Connectivity found significant differences in functional architecture and interactivity of the default mode network in adolescent and young adult males with autism spectrum disorder compared to those without ASD. These findings could lead to the development of new imaging-based diagnostic markers for autism.
Aric Rogers' research discovered that NMD plays a critical role in extending lifespan under dietary restriction conditions. The grant will help expedite the development of 'DR mimetics,' drugs that mimic the effects of DR on longevity, potentially leading to new therapies.
A new sensor molecule allows researchers to visualize calcium concentrations in living animals without genetic modification or radiation exposure. This breakthrough enables better understanding of disease processes and has potential applications in improving medical treatments.
A high prevalence of complications related to opioid use disorders has been seen in emergency radiology patients, with skin and soft tissue infections, respiratory issues, and back pain being common. Imaging results often provided critical information to aid management plans and reduce mortality rates.
Scientists in Canada converted adult mouse respiratory tract cells into large populations of induced progenitor-like cells using an interrupted reprogramming strategy. These cells retained a residual memory of their parental cell lineage and showed potential as a cell replacement therapy in mice with cystic fibrosis.
The partnership aims to apply advanced chemical engineering research to industrial-scale chemical manufacturing, reducing waste generation, utility, and energy costs. The University of Pittsburgh's Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department is developing new educational programs and internships to prepare students for the industry.
Researchers discovered that chemotherapy can stimulate tumor growth by inducing an inflammatory reaction in the body. Resolvins, a family of molecules, have been found to suppress this response, suggesting new ways to enhance cancer therapy effectiveness.
Researchers have imaged ATR kinase protein at unprecedented resolution using electron microscopy, revealing regulatory sites poised to activate in response to DNA damage. The high-resolution structural information may aid in developing new therapeutics for cancer treatments and improving cellular health.
The NIH has launched a Phase 2b proof-of-concept study called Imbokodo to assess the safety and efficacy of an experimental HIV vaccine regimen. The study aims to enroll 2,600 HIV-negative women in sub-Saharan Africa and will test the quadrivalent mosaic vaccine against placebo.
Research reveals a concerning relationship between excessive screen time and mental health issues, including depression and suicidal behaviors, particularly among teenage girls. Limiting screen time to an hour or two daily may help reduce the risk of depressive symptoms and suicidal attempts.
Researchers found genes associated with B cell receptor signaling and activation in tolerant kidney transplant recipients, suggesting an active immune regulation of B cells. The study provides insights into the mechanisms behind tolerance induction in renal transplantation, potentially leading to minimization of immunosuppression.
Research from Australia's NICM Health Research Institute finds large nutritional deficits in blood levels of critical nutrients among individuals with early psychosis. Vitamin B9 (folate) and D were found to be particularly low, associated with poorer mental health outcomes.
Researchers developed a system that allows citizens to monitor water temperatures and noise levels in real-time, generating live music from the marine world. The Sonic Kayak project demonstrates potential for transdisciplinary research, merging biosciences, remote sensing, sound art, coding, and sports.
The study reveals that protein ZO-1 perceives mechanical signals and activates cellular responses accordingly, influencing epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. Targeted inhibition of ZO-1 in tumors could be a potential pathway to explore for cancer treatment.
Two Corynebacteria species have been identified as potential targets to improve skin appearance, with one associated with younger people and the other with older people. The 'old skin' bacteria was found to be associated with skin redness, wrinkles, and age spots.
The new Connectivity Map includes over 1.3 million gene expression profiles from multiple cell lines treated with chemical or genetic perturbations, enabling the study of small molecule and gene function. This expanded resource accelerates drug discovery efforts by predicting how small molecules work and discovering compounds with spec...
A team of researchers at Brigham Young University has identified a specific gene variant that protects people with high-risk genetic factors from developing Alzheimer's disease. The study reveals that this genetic function could be targeted with drugs to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's.
The Human Vaccines Project has reported high-level outcomes from two concurrent clinical studies aimed at deciphering the components and mechanisms of human immunity. The findings may provide important new insights into human immunity, which will be leveraged to launch expanded studies in 2018.
A recent study by Hokkaido University found that the global risk of Madagascar's pneumonic plague epidemic is limited, with an estimated risk of less than 0.1 person per country between August and October. The basic reproduction number was calculated at 1.73, and case fatality risk was 5.5 percent.
Teenage cannabis use at least 2-3 times weekly is directly associated with suffering from symptoms of hypomania in later years. The study found that adolescent cannabis use is an independent risk factor for future hypomania, suggesting a potential causal link.
A LSU Health New Orleans study found that DHA in fish oil 'preconditions' photoreceptor and RPE cells to survive future insults, reducing the risk of retinal degeneration. The researchers also discovered that daily omega-3 supplementation may provide an opportunity for halting debilitating eye diseases.
Researchers trained staff in Tanzania to assess facial cleanliness and found reliable measures of clean faces. These findings suggest adding facial cleanliness assessments to trachoma surveys in developing countries where the infection is a public health problem.
A team of scientists discovered that a major cause of variation between genetically identical C. elegans worms is their mother's age, particularly in younger mothers. The study found that the youngest mothers produce offspring with impaired characteristics such as size, growth rate, and starvation resistance.
A recent study has found that a cancer drug called nivolumab can drastically decrease the reservoirs of HIV-infected cells in the body, a key step towards potentially eradicating the virus. This breakthrough has been observed in a single patient with lung cancer, who showed a sustained reduction in HIV reservoirs after treatment.
Tropical Storm Dahlia formed under strong vertical wind shear, displacing its clouds north of the center. Infrared imagery revealed strongest thunderstorms north of the center, with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit.
Research suggests that people's daily frustration with life can lead to recurring nightmares, where they experience falling, failing, or being attacked in their dreams. The study found that those whose psychological needs were not met reported more negative dream themes and struggled to interpret their dreams positively.
Researchers have obtained a detailed view of a scallop's visual system, which is strikingly similar to a reflecting telescope. The complex arrangement of up to 200 eyes allows the scallop to achieve spatial vision through a layered mirror structure that reflects specific wavelengths of light.
A collaborative study has identified a novel cluster of dysregulated genes in the pancreatic islets of patients with type 2 diabetes. The findings suggest that these altered genes are responsible for beta cell failure in diabetes and may hold new insights into how to prevent and treat the disease.
iScience is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal publishing on a continuous basis starting early 2018. It will promote rigorous research that advances a field and reporting with transparent methods, replication studies, and negative results. The editorial board harnesses experts across many different fields.
Researchers at Stellenbosch University found that HIV affects the brain in early stages of infection, leading to decreased blood flow and brain functional impairment. The study used fMRI scans to compare brain activity of people with and without HIV, revealing a link between frontal lobe atrophy and cognitive symptoms.
Research at Cornell University found that people with disabilities are nearly 44% more likely to be arrested by age 28 compared to those without disabilities. Black men with disabilities face a disproportionately high risk of arrest, highlighting the need for police training and healthcare improvements.
Researchers have validated five new genes responsible for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurological disorder. The study uses AI-powered technology to accelerate the discovery of new treatments by identifying key proteins linked to the disease.
A new study found that breast cancer proteins can have altered functions in tumor cells due to changes in protein interaction networks. This shift affects the number of genes performing each function, not their expression levels. The study predicts patient survival and cancer subtype based on these functional shifts.
Researchers have found a mechanism that prevents the formation of HIV's protein shell, which is essential for infection. The discovery could lead to the development of new anti-HIV drugs by targeting specific molecular processes.
Research shows that longer stays in the neonatal ICU are linked to behavioral problems and impaired emotional regulation in preterm babies. The study highlights the importance of developmental care programs to reduce stressful experiences and promote protective strategies during early development.
Researchers from QUT, KIT, and Ghent University create a light-switchable chemical reaction system to revolutionize chip printing. The system uses visible light to reversibly switch certain chemical processes, potentially making it cheaper, simpler and safer.